LCCC ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN
November 30/2019
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani

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Bible Quotations For today
Woe to you who are full now, for you will be hungry. ‘Woe to you who are laughing now, for you will mourn and weep
Holy Gospel of Jesus Christ according to Saint Luke 06/20-26/:”Jesus looked up at his disciples and said: ‘Blessed are you who are poor, for yours is the kingdom of God. ‘Blessed are you who are hungry now, for you will be filled. ‘Blessed are you who weep now, for you will laugh. ‘Blessed are you when people hate you, and when they exclude you, revile you, and defame you on account of the Son of Man. Rejoice on that day and leap for joy, for surely your reward is great in heaven; for that is what their ancestors did to the prophets. ‘But woe to you who are rich, for you have received your consolation. ‘Woe to you who are full now, for you will be hungry. ‘Woe to you who are laughing now, for you will mourn and weep. ‘Woe to you when all speak well of you, for that is what their ancestors did to the false prophets.”

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News published on November 29-30/2019
Protests at VAT, BDL as Uprising Enters Day 44
Lebanon central bank to take needed steps amid crisis: Banking official
Aoun Chairs Baabda Financial Meeting Boycotted by Hariri
Report: Hizbullah Asks Aoun to 'Postpone' Consultations
Reports: Khatib's Chances Still High, Aoun, Shiite Duo Still Open to Hariri's Return
Khatib Chances Reportedly Surge as He Says Hariri Talks Not Negative
Kubis Discusses 'Urgently Needed' Measures with Salameh
Ministry of Defense: Military units receive orders from army command only
El Hassan, Kubis tackle current situation
Citizens Block Roads with Vehicles in Protest at Fuel Crisis
Groups Split over ‘Welcoming, Repatriating’ Refugees
Press Conference Sheds Light on Fake Cancer Medications
Protesters gather in Lebanon’s Zahle, Beirut amid PM speculation

 

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on November 29-30/2019
A proposed long-term Gaza truce brings Hamas back to Judea & Samaria. The IDF would go for it
Iraq PM announces resignation after call from top Shiite cleric, Friday's death toll rises
US says Iraqi leaders must address grievances after PM quits
British police shoot suspect in London Bridge terrorist incident, government sources say two dead
Several Injured after Stabbing near London Bridge
Toll rises to 15 protesters dead in south Iraq clashes: Medics
Iraq top cleric al-Sistani condemns attacks on peaceful protesters, rejects govt
Iraqi prime minister says he will resign: Statement
Iraq protests continue after judiciary opens investigation into deaths
Three killed in Iraq’s Nasiriyah, sending protest toll over 400: Sources
At least 50 ‘rioters’ arrested in Iran for alleged links to protests
Syria constitutional talks end without consensus on agenda: UN envoy
Russia tries to block new Syria chemical weapons probe
Omar al-Bashir’s NCP condemns Sudan ‘illegal govt’ move to dissolve party
Sudan approves law to ‘dismantle’ former regime of Omar al-Bashir

Titles For The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on November 29-30/2019
Untouchable No More: Hezbollah’s Fading Reputation/Rebecca Collard/Foreign Policy/November 29/2019
Lebanese teachers bring the revolution to class/Nessryn Khalaf/Annahar/November 29/2019
Hosting 'Green Friday' during Lebanon's uprising/Chiri Choukeir/Annahar/November 29/2019
No clear solutions stem from emergency meeting as fears of fuel shortage mount/Georgi Azar/Annahar/November 29/2019
Hezbollah threatens the peaceful and non-sectarian protests in Lebanon/Robert Fisk/Independent/November 29/2019
*A proposed long-term Gaza truce brings Hamas back to Judea & Samaria. The IDF would go for it/DebkaFile/November 29/2019
Analysis/Where Netanyahu Sees an Iranian Threat, His New Defense Chief Sees an Opportunity/Amos Harel/Haaretz/November 29/2019
France: "We Want to Regain Control of Our Migration Policy"/Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute/November 29/2019
Tehran's leaders will be tempted to attack Gulf states again to divert attention from their domestic woes/Con Coughlin/The National/November 29/2019
The U.S. Must Blunt Russia’s Adventurism in Libya/Ben Fishman/Bloomberg/The Washington Institute/November 29/2019
Arabic song travels from Detroit to Dhahran/Tala Jarjour/Arab News/November 29/2019
Objections to Aramco listing ring hollow/Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Arab News/November 29/2019

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News published on November 29-30/2019
Protests at VAT, BDL as Uprising Enters Day 44
Naharnet/November 29/2019
For the 43rd day in a row, protesters demanding an overhaul of the political class continue to pressure politicians into responding to their demands for a new government and termination of corruption. A group of protesters gathered early on Friday, for the second day, near the Finance Ministry’s VAT building in Adlieh. They blocked the entrance to the building preventing access for employees. “Our revolution is peaceful and targets the corrupt. We consented to requests asking us not to block the streets, our moves target major state institutions and banking and financial institutions,” one protester said in remarks to LBCI reporter. “Lebanese pay government taxes but don't get services or any balanced growth in return. Tax evasion in Lebanon amounts to around $4 to 5 billion dollars,” another protester said, sitting cross-legged on the pavement brandishing the Lebanese flag. Later, anti-riot police tried to keep protesters at a distance from the VAT building that angered the demonstrators. Demonstrators also gathered near the Central Bank in Zahle and the Central Bank in the southern town of Nabatieh to protest against the bank’s policies against the dollar and money exchange houses that they say have contributed to the country's economic crisis. They protested under the banner “the Lebanese pound is doing fine.”Similar moves were taken on Thursday outside the Central Bank in Beirut’s commercial Hamra district, calling for fiscal measures that will not affect small depositors and the poor. Amid dollar shortages, Lebanese banks have imposed unprecedented financial controls to preserve liquidity, further paralyzing the country and forcing up prices amid fears of financial collapse. Outgoing Prime Minister Saad Hariri, who was Aoun’s and Hizbullah’s favorite to lead a new Cabinet, withdrew his candidacy for the premiership, saying he hoped to clear the way for a solution to the political impasse after over 40 days of protests. Protesters have resorted to road closures and other tactics to pressure politicians into responding to their demands for a new government. Hariri had resigned Oct. 29 in response to the mass protests ignited by new taxes and the severe financial crisis. His resignation met a key demand of the protesters but plunged the country into uncertainty, with no clear path to resolving its economic and political problems. Hariri had insisted on heading a government of technocrats, while his opponents, including Hizbullah, want a Cabinet made up of both experts and politicians.

Lebanon central bank to take needed steps amid crisis: Banking official
Reuters, Beirut/Friday, 29 November 2019
Lebanon’s central bank governor will take “necessary, temporary measures” to preserve the banking sector and depositor rights, the banking association head said on Friday. Salim Sfeir, chairman of the Association of Banks in Lebanon (ABL) that represents the country’s banks, read a statement after a top-level meeting at the presidential palace as Lebanon grapples with the worst economic crisis in decades. He did not give details on the steps and added without elaborating that Central Bank Governor Riad Salameh had also made “some suggestions that require legal provisions.”“The central bank governor was assigned to take the necessary, temporary measures, in coordination with the banking association, to issue circulars,” Sfeir said after the meeting with President Michel Aoun, Salameh, and government officials. “This is to preserve stability, confidence in the banking and monetary sector, as well as its safety, and depositors’ rights.”In response to a question from reporters, he repeated previous remarks from officials that there will be no formal capital controls. Lebanese banks have imposed new curbs on access to cash, fueling depositor worries over their savings despite government assurances they are safe. The banks have tightened limits on withdrawing US dollars and blocked nearly all transfers abroad amid worries about a capital flight and political gridlock over forming a new government. Since protests erupted across Lebanon on October 17, pressure has piled on the financial system. A hard currency crunch has deepened, with many importers unable to bring in goods, forcing up prices and heightening concerns of financial collapse. In a Reuters interview this month, Sfeir described the new bank controls as “a fence to protect the system” until things return to normal.
Sfeir also noted on Friday that Lebanon had fulfilled its commitment and paid off a Eurobond of $1.5 billion that was due to mature on Thursday.

Aoun Chairs Baabda Financial Meeting Boycotted by Hariri
Naharnet/November 29/2019
President Michel Aoun on Friday presided over a financial meeting in Baabda aimed at discussing the deteriorating economic and financial situations in the country. The meeting was being attended by caretaker ministers Ali Hassan Khalil, Salim Jreissati, Mansour Bteish and Adel Afiouni, Central Bank Governor Riad Salameh, the head of the committee overseeing banks Samir Hammoud, Association of Banks chief Salim Sfeir, caretaker PM Saad Hariri’s financial advisor Nadim al-Munla and Presidency Director General Antoine Choucair. Media reports said Hariri had been invited to the meeting but opted to boycott it. “Hariri boycotted the financial meeting and was represented by his adviser Nadim al-Munla and Minister Adel Afiouni, because he considers that the solutions to the financial, economic and social crises begin by setting a date for the binding parliamentary consultations and forming a government whose mission would be to run the country’s affairs and resolve crises,” al-Jadeed TV said. The meeting comes as Lebanon grapples with widespread anti-government protests since October 17, a free-falling economy, and an escalating liquidity crisis. The dollar exchange rate in the parallel market has shot up from the pegged rate of 1,507 pounds to the greenback to around 2,250. Fear of financial collapse caused a capital flight and some $800 million appear to have left the country from October 15 to November 7, a period during which the banks were mostly closed. Vehicles ran out of gas Friday and were parked in the middle of the streets in protest amid an open-ended strike by the owners of gas stations. The owners have accused the central bank and oil importers of failing to honor an agreement on allowing them to pay in Lebanese lira amid the dollar shortage in the country. The Syndicate has staged several strikes in recent months over the same crisis.

Report: Hizbullah Asks Aoun to 'Postpone' Consultations
Naharnet/November 29/2019
Hizbullah has reportedly asked President Michel Aoun to delay the binding parliamentary consultations, allegedly relying that PM Saad Hariri -who withdrew his candidacy- agrees to lead a new government, the Saudi Asharq al-Awsat newspaper reported on Friday. Unnamed political sources told the daily that Hizbullah had contacted Aoun for that purpose. They said that Hizbullah, the Free Patriotic Movement (founded by Aoun) and other parties still believe that Hariri might agree to lead a new government. Stalled political consultations to nominate a new prime minister enter a new crisis. Hizbullah insists to nominate Hariri who insists on heading a government of technocrats, while his opponents, including Hizbullah, want a Cabinet made up of both experts and politicians. Politicians have failed to agree on the shape and form of a new government. Aoun has not set a date for binding consultations with heads of parliamentary blocs to name a new premier.

Reports: Khatib's Chances Still High, Aoun, Shiite Duo Still Open to Hariri's Return

Naharnet/November 29/2019
The chances of Samir Khatib to lead the new government are still high and President Michel Aoun, Hizbullah and the AMAL Movement are not opposed to the re-designation of caretaker Prime Minister Saad Hariri, media reports said on Friday. “Samir Khatib is still an option and his chances could be higher than those of other candidates in light of the pressing situations,” informed sources told LBCI television, noting that Hariri has not suggested another candidate. A political source informed on the negotiations meanwhile told the TV network that “communication channels are open with Samir Khatib and his chances are calmly rising.”The source added that General Security chief Maj. Gen. Abbas Ibrahim is playing a role in the negotiations. Information obtained by MTV meanwhile said that Aoun “does not mind a new government led by Hariri” but “does not want to wait indefinitely.”MTV also reported that Hizbullah and AMAL are still open to Hariri’s return to the PM post and that they will not endorse any candidate not enjoying Hariri’s consent.

Khatib Chances Reportedly Surge as He Says Hariri Talks Not Negative
Naharnet/November 29/2019
The chances of the engineer Samir Khatib to lead the new government have surged and the picture will become clearer over the coming few hours, which might witness a complete agreement over the shape of the government and its premier, LBCI television reported Thursday. Khatib himself meanwhile issued a statement about his meeting on Wednesday with caretaker Prime Minister Saad Hariri. “Some media outlets have circulated reports suggesting that the meeting that was held yesterday was negative… Engineer Khatib stresses that he sensed from PM Hariri complete support and responsiveness,” his office said.

Kubis Discusses 'Urgently Needed' Measures with Salameh
Associated PressظNaharnet/November 29/2019
U.N. Special Coordinator for Lebanon Jan Kubis said he met Friday with Central Bank Governor Riad Salameh and discussed with him measures “urgently needed to stop the further deepening” of the economic crisis and to increase the ability of the banking sector to cope with the pressures.
“Formation of a credible and competent government that can regain the trust of the people and of the international partners of #Lebanon is the priority,” Kubis tweeted.

Ministry of Defense: Military units receive orders from army command only
NNA/November 29/2019
The press office of the Ministry of Defense explained, in a statement on Friday, that all military units only act upon the orders they receive from the Lebanese army command. "All units and forces of the Lebanese army brigades receive orders from the army command only, particularly from the army commander through the operations room," the statement read. As to the Defense Minister, the statement indicated that "his role is to ensure that the army command is acting in compliance with the Cabinet decisions."

El Hassan, Kubis tackle current situation
NNA/November 29/2019
Caretaker Interior and Municipalities Minister, Rayya El Hassan, on Friday received in her office at the Ministry the United Nations Special Coordinator for Lebanon, Jan Kubis. Talks between the pair reportedly touched on the current political situation, especially the issue of the new government formation and the need for adotping swift reform measures that would tackle the current economic, financial and social situation.

Citizens Block Roads with Vehicles in Protest at Fuel Crisis
Naharnet/November 29/2019
People got caught in their vehicles that ran out of gas on Friday after gas station owners announced an open-ended strike a day earlier. Citizens in the northern city of Tripoli blocked roads with their vehicles in protest at the crisis. In Beirut, taxi drivers and delivery workers staged a protest in the Cola area. Nearby roads were meanwhile blocked in the Corniche al-Mazraa area. Long queues of citizens were seen swarming some gas stations that remained open although only small quantities were being sold to desperate customers. Protesters meanwhile blocked several key roads in the Bekaa region. Petrol stations have suspended services because of a shortage of dollars needed to pay for imports, a syndicate head said. A rationing of dollars by banks in protest-hit Lebanon has sparked growing alarm. The Syndicate of Gas Stations Owners said “some of us received threats from different parties urging us to open our stations.” Fadi Abou Shakra, an adviser to the Syndicate, told MTV: “We can end the strike if the dollar is provided at the official rate.” For two decades, the Lebanese pound has been pegged to the greenback at and both currencies used interchangeably in daily life.

Groups Split over ‘Welcoming, Repatriating’ Refugees
Naharnet/November 29/2019
Two demonstrations were held near the Delegation of the European Union to Lebanon in Beirut’s Zqaq al-Blat, one demanding the repatriation of Syrian refugees and another welcoming them on Lebanese soil. The first group raised slogans demanding that refugees residing in Lebanon since the 2011 Syria war, return to their country. They said Lebanon is enduring massive economic burdens as a result. “We were alarmed by reports that some plan to integrate refugees in Lebanese society, meanwhile Lebanon is passing through an economic and financial crisis,” one protester told LBCI reporter, "our move did not come from nowhere."Meanwhile, a group of activists stood on an adjacent sidewalk brandishing slogans against “racism,” and welcoming the presence of refugees. More than 1 million Syrian refugees are registered with the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR) in Lebanon. The government estimates the true number of Syrians in the country to be 1.5 million. While Lebanon is neither a signatory to the UN Convention Relating to the Status of Refugees nor its 1967 Protocol, the government maintains an “open border” policy whereby registered Syrian refugees can live and work in Lebanon. Lebanon has been gripped with nationwide protests since October 17 and a worsening economic and financial crisis unprecedented in the country's history.

Press Conference Sheds Light on Fake Cancer Medications
Naharnet/November 29/2019
Demonstrators gathered outside Lebanon’s Health Ministry on Friday calling for investigations into fake cancer drugs following a rise in death cases reported by healthcare workers. The protesters called for the establishment of a special investigation committee to dwell on the file.Wassef Harake, a lawyer and activist, said: “We call for the formation of a special committee to investigate into the file. It must not be neglected or forgotten. This is not a regular case, this case requires a revolution.”Harake recited a list of names including pharmacists, doctors and hospitals that he said could be helping the counterfeits reach the market.The move comes as Lebanon grapples with nationwide protests against corruption and an overhaul of the entire political class.

Protesters gather in Lebanon’s Zahle, Beirut amid PM speculation
Staff writer, Al Arabiya English/Friday, 29 November 2019
Protesters have gathered outside the Central Bank in the Lebanese city of Zahle in protest at the bank's policies amid the ongoing political and economic crisis in the country, reported the Lebanese channel LBC on Friday. In the capital Beirut, young men attempted to block entry to the Ministry of Finance's TVA building, reported the National News Agency (NNA). Lebanon is still without a prime minister or cabinet following former Prime Minister Saad Hariri's resignation on October 29. Samir Khatib has been reported by Lebanese media outlets as the most likely candidate to replace Hariri, after the latter said he has no intention of forming a new government. President Michel Aoun had announced binding consultations with MPs to designate Lebanon’s next prime minister for Thursday, before they were later postponed. As of Friday, semi-official capital controls were still in place, limiting the amount of cash that individuals and businesses can access, despite Lebanon paying back a Eurobond worth $1.5 billion that was scheduled to mature on Thursday.

Untouchable No More: Hezbollah’s Fading Reputation
Rebecca Collard/Foreign Policy/November 29/2019
As Hezbollah sides with Lebanon's political elite, protesters in Beirut are increasingly willing to criticize it.
BEIRUT—It was the sort of chant that, only a month or so ago, would have been all but unthinkable in Lebanon. “Terrorists, terrorists, Hezbollah are terrorists,” yelled some of the hundreds of anti-government protesters who stood on a main road in Beirut early Monday morning, in a tense standoff with supporters of Hezbollah and another Shiite party, the Amal Movement.
Other protesters told the chanters to stop, but as widespread economic discontent and anger engulf Lebanon—and with Hezbollah leader Hassan Nasrallah defending the government—the sanctity around Hezbollah’s reputation is clearly broken.
“Hezbollah is being seen as part and parcel [of] the main hurdle to change in Lebanon,” said Mohanad Hage Ali, a fellow at the Carnegie Middle East Center.
The demonstrations have been mostly peaceful and unilaterally against the whole ruling class—all sects, all political parties. And until recently Nasrallah, who doesn’t have an official government position, was seen as above the endemic corruption that has helped push the country toward a collapse, particularly among Hezbollah’s Shiite support base. Hezbollah’s expulsion of Israeli troops from Lebanese territory in 2000 earned the group the moniker “the resistance” among Lebanese of all sects and political affiliations. Even after the 2006 war, which left swaths of Lebanon in ruins, the group enjoyed popular support for what many here saw as a victory against Israeli aggression by defenders of the country. In May 2008, Hezbollah fighters took over central Beirut after the government threatened to shut down the group’s telecommunications network and remove an ally in charge of airport security, pointing their weapons inside rather than toward the border for the first time.
And as Hezbollah sent thousands of fighters across the border to fight in Syria in support of President Bashar al-Assad in 2013, more people questioned exactly whom Hezbollah was defending. The group’s reputation has been fading further since the first days of protests in mid-October, which saw large crowds take to the streets in primarily Shiite areas such as Tyre and Nabatieh. Suddenly, with demonstrators there shouting similar anti-government slogans as protesters in Beirut—who want all the current sectarian political leaders gone and new elections under a new system—Hezbollah found itself part of the targeted establishment. The protests are seen as a direct challenge to the gains made by Hezbollah in the 2018 elections and a threat to the organization’s foreign-policy agenda, said Hage Ali.
This week, facing down two thick rows of Lebanese army and riot police on pavement littered with rocks and sticks, some demonstrators complained that Hezbollah’s agenda is not really about building up Lebanon; instead, it goes through Damascus to Baghdad and on to Tehran. Like some of the rising protests in neighboring Iraq, the often youthful demonstrators are intent on calling out Iranian influence in particular.
“Here is Lebanon, not Iran,” some protesters chanted on Monday.
When Nasrallah insisted the Lebanese government should not step down, amid the early demonstrations in October, to many protesters it felt like he was part of the problem.
“It was a ‘reality bites’ moment,” Carnegie’s Hage Ali said. “For Lebanese Shiites who joined the protest movement, it was a shock—why is Hezbollah standing on guard for the status quo that is extremely corrupt and taking the country to a financial and economic crisis?”
Nasrallah attempted to discredit the protesters, implying they were funded by foreign embassies. The protesters laughed it off, and several journalists resigned from Al-Akhbar, a publication usually supportive of Hezbollah’s position.
“They are just trying to keep the system,” said a protester named Baha Yahya, as he waited on a side road for a barrage of tear gas, fired by the army, to clear. “And all we want is to remove the system. That’s what this is all about.”
In the past Hezbollah has managed to avoid most direct criticism of its ties to Tehran and Syria. For decades, Lebanon’s warlords, then political elite, have been propped up by regional and international powers, and the protesters have railed against this foreign meddling in their country. But the protesters have been careful not to single out any one group, and until recently there has been scarce mention of Hezbollah’s Iranian-supplied weapons, which outgun the country’s national army—ironically now holding back the group’s supporters.
Last week, as thousands of people took to the streets of Iran after a hike in the price of fuel there, protesters in downtown Beirut sought some common cause with them, chanting: “From Tehran to Beirut, one revolution that won’t die.”
And Hezbollah supporters are fighting back. Hoisting the flags of Hezbollah and Amal, counterprotesters this week shouted sectarian slogans like “Shiite, Shiite, Shiite” and affirmed allegiance to Nasrallah and Nabih Berri, the head of the Amal Movement and speaker of the Lebanese Parliament.
The anti-government protesters responded with chants of “the people are one”—and then broke into the national anthem.
It’s not exactly clear how the confrontation started on Sunday night, but what is clear is that it has raised fears of a violent escalation to Lebanon’s 6-week-old rebellion against poor sectarian governance and put a further stain on Hezbollah’s image as the country’s defender.
This same bit of road was the front line for much of Lebanon’s civil war. Everyone here knows that, but most of the protesters are too young to personally remember the snipers and checkpoints that controlled it.
Some of the Hezbollah and Amal supporters managed to break through the line, charging the protesters and sending them running down side streets, past buildings still pockmarked from civil war fighting.
“They can reach us if they want,” Yahya said of the Hezbollah and Amal supporters as he waited on a side road. “But they don’t want that. They just want to scare us.”
The mostly male protesters returned with tree branches and sticks. Both sides tried to lob rocks across the no man’s land created by rows of security forces.
Hezbollah blamed a car accident early Monday morning on the protesters’ roadblocks. A video of the incident shows a car hitting an obstacle in the middle of seemingly empty road. There is not a protester in sight. Some saw it as an attempt to portray the protests as a security threat. Hundreds of people turned out for a vigil on Monday evening hoisting Hezbollah and Amal flags and chanting party and sectarian slogans. Thousands of other supporters came out in more overt political rallies. Some sped around scooters honking and again shouting “Shiite, Shiite, Shiite” as they passed anti-government protesters.
“The more Hezbollah attacks them using these sectarian tactics, the more Hezbollah is exposed, and the more Hezbollah will lose,” said Hage Ali, adding that part of the strategy of the counter-revolution is turning it into a sectarian conflict.
If Nasrallah or other Hezbollah or Amal leaders thought a gentle show of force would scare protesters off the street and restore calm, it may have been dangerous miscalculation.
On Monday night, things escalated further with gunfire and clashes, this time with supporters of the Future Movement of the Sunni caretaker Prime Minister Saad Hariri. In the southern city of Tyre, party supporters attacked and burned down a protest camp. Attacks and clashes continued Tuesday.
Many of the anti-government protesters call the party-supporting counterprotesters “brainwashed”—referring not just to Hezbollah and Amal supporters but also to those who have come out in less confrontational shows of support for the country’s president, Michel Aoun, and other parties in recent weeks.
Another protester, Yahya’s friend Nader Issrawi, said he believes that in the end, they all want the same thing.
“What they want is like what we want,” Issrawi said. “We are living a life that is such a shit. We all just want to live in freedom, to eat and build our future.”
But it seems they see different paths to that goal. Issrawi and Yahya were home when the clashes started late Sunday night. “I called him and said, ‘Baha, let’s get to the [street]. Our revolution is in danger,’” Issrawi recalled.
Like many here, Yahya is becoming fearful about where the unrest is heading but says he agrees with Issrawi and that it’s a matter of changing the minds of those standing on the other side of the road. “One day,” Yahya said, “everyone will be convinced.”
*Rebecca Collard is a broadcast journalist and writer covering the Middle East.

Lebanese teachers bring the revolution to class
Nessryn Khalaf/Annahar/November 29/2019
Students believe that the process of learning is enhanced when they can apply theories to realistic scenarios like protest sites.
BEIRUT: Students and teachers were among the first groups to join the Lebanese protests when the revolution erupted and the uproar of dissent became thunderous, and now that classes have resumed, many educators are incorporating the events of the demonstrations into their academic syllabi to express their support.The purpose of this academic shift is to help students gain a deeper understanding of Lebanon’s current political ambiance while supporting their desire to keep attending the demonstrations.
“I always allow my students to voice their opinions as I guide them to do so constructively. I want them to not necessarily accept what others say, but definitely respect it,” expressed Nabilah Haraty, assistant professor of oral communication and English at the Lebanese American University.
She also added that each of her sessions starts with 10-15 minutes of discussion so that her students can share their feelings and points of view in a judgment-free environment.
Shireen Kasamani, one of Haraty’s students, told Annahar: “I admire my professor because she’s been very supportive of students who are protesting. She even asked what we desire to see as an outcome of this revolution and has allowed us to base our speeches on the events observed on the Lebanese streets.”
Rana Younis, another student, highlighted how her ethics professor stopped using the book and instead asked his students to present a research paper describing how different ethical approaches would be used to evaluate the revolution.
Students believe that the process of learning is enhanced when they can apply theories to realistic scenarios like protest sites. This initiative has allowed them to turn the protests into their libraries where knowledge and activism meet.
A literature professor at the American University of Beirut also decided to alter the course syllabus to include some classic political novels like George Orwell’s Nineteen Eighty-Four and Aldous Huxley’s Brave New World.
“I want my students to understand that literature is not about reading boring books; it’s rather a manifestation of events observed in their daily lives, and what could be better than dystopian novels to make them comprehend their country’s political turmoil?” the professor said.
Zeinab Ibrahim, an AUB student, said that “the changes made by some professors have enabled the students to keep protesting without worrying about dense course material and accumulating assignments.”
She then explained to Annahar that by being able to link a course’s content to the events of the revolution, she has become more engrossed in the lessons and more inquisitive as both a student and an activist.
*Laura-Joy Boulos, a psychology professor at USJ, mentioned that she has engaged in several classroom discussions with her students to examine the protests and their psychological effects on individuals, for it’s essential to understand how intense emotions like fear, uncertainty, and hope can impact the human psyche and brain.

Hosting 'Green Friday' during Lebanon's uprising
Chiri Choukeir/Annahar/November 29/2019
The purpose of the Green Friday initiative is to save clothes and gadgets from ending up in the garbage where they are not disposed properly.
BEIRUT: While the world celebrated Black Friday with the usual immense sales and discounts, a group of activists in Lebanon decided to seize the opportunity to have a Green Friday instead.
The trees of the Gibran Khalil Gibran Garden, Centre Ville, displayed a collection of donated clothes. Additionally, the space was occupied by stacks of DVDs and books for anyone to exchange in return for their used clothes or gadgets.
This idea of exchanging clothes and/or gadgets was first initiated by Fridays For Future, a global movement that began after 15 year old Greta Thunberg protested in front of the Swedish parliament for three weeks against the lack of action on climate change. Activists Andrés Succar Rahmi and Marianne Eid decided to join the movement and bring it to Beirut.
"We're mainly a youth movement that are organizing protests around the world in order to demand a safe future given that climate change might very easily change the way we live," Rahmi told Annahar. "We are trying to raise awareness and push our politicians to change policies to tackle the climate crisis."
During the first few minutes of the sale and while the activists were still opening the bags to display clothes, protesters in Riyad el-Solh quickly joined them in setting up the space and choosing their favorite sweaters, jumpers, and over-alls to take home.
Eid explained that the purpose of the exchange is to save clothes and gadgets from ending up in the garbage where they are not disposed properly. The exchange also aids those who cannot afford to buy their own.
"People have been going to stores buying clothes without realizing the negative impact of that on the environment. People need to realize that they can buy second hand clothes in good conditions," Eid said.
The activists also had multiple university and school books on display to fight against the increasing prices of standardized education books.
"I feel like there's a huge problem in Lebanon, education is very expensive with no regard to the student. While climate change is the main cause we're fighting for, we decided to include education in today's movement," Rahmi said.
Other than the Green Friday, the group of activists had previously protested at the Bisri Dam in order to stop the deforestation of the land. They have also organized diverse strikes to bring attention and awareness to climate change.

No clear solutions stem from emergency meeting as fears of fuel shortage mount
Georgi Azar/Annahar/November 29/2019
Lebanon's rapidly deteriorating financial state has raised concerns over its ability to fend off a meltdown while a political deadlock continues to hinder the formation of a much-needed government.
BEIRUT: Lebanon's central bank governor will take "necessary, temporary measures" to preserve the banking sector and depositor rights, the banking association head said on Friday.
Salim Sfeir, chairman of the Association of Banks in Lebanon (ABL) that represents the country's banks, read a statement after a top-level meeting at the presidential palace as Lebanon grapples with the worst economic crisis in decades.
"The central bank governor was assigned to take the necessary, temporary measures, in coordination with the banking association, to issue circulars," Sfeir said after the meeting with President Michel Aoun, Salameh, and government officials.
"This is to preserve stability, confidence in the banking and monetary sector, as well as its safety, and depositors' rights."
Both officials refused to elaborate on these comments.
The meeting was also attended by a number of caretaker ministers with the notable absence of Caretaker Prime Minister Saad Hariri, who was reparented by his economic adviser, Nadim Munla.
Lebanon's rapidly deteriorating financial state has raised concerns over its ability to fend off a meltdown while a political deadlock continues to hinder the formation of a much-needed government.
Lebanon has been without a government for a month, with the Shiite duo of Hezbollah and Amal, along with the Free Patriotic Movement, refusing to allow Hariri to establish a purely technocratic government, the demand of the protest movement.
Hariri resigned on October 29 and President Michel Aoun has yet to call for binding parliamentary consultations to appoint a new premier.
In the midst of an increased shortage of dollar liquidity, gas stations continued their strike Friday which caused massive disruptions to motorists across Lebanon. A number of gas stations remained open, however, with massives queues witnessed as Lebanese scrambled to stockpile on fuel.
The strike also caused a rise in black market rates, with some gas stations almost doubling their asking price. A number of motorists reported paying up to LL17,000 for 10 liters.
The Syndicate of Gas Stations owners called on Lebanese officials to urgently find a solution during the emergency meeting, yet no comments on the matter were presented.
Meanwhile, the Lebanese pound continued its downward spiral as the majority of exchange shops also went on strike. On Thursday, the Lebanese pound was trading against the dollar at around LL2,300.

Hezbollah threatens the peaceful and non-sectarian protests in Lebanon
Robert Fisk/Independent/November 29/2019
It was perfectly clear to all of us that the Hezbollah, heroes of the Lebanese resistance until they began sacrificing themselves on the battlefields of Syria, were attempting to sabotage the entire protest movement
Those tens of thousands of largely young protesters demanding a non-sectarian Lebanon were joyful, filled with happiness, determined that this time they would change the wretched confessional nature of their state forever. Then the Hezbollah turned up, a truckload of them, dressed in black and shouting through loudspeakers and holding up posters of their all-Shia militia heroes. Squads of Lebanese interior ministry police appeared in the side streets.
It was perfectly clear to all of us that the Hezbollah, heroes of the Lebanese resistance until they began sacrificing themselves on the battlefields of Syria, were attempting to sabotage the entire protest movement. The young men and women in the street shouted as one: “The government is corrupt, the sectarian leaders are corrupt, all members of parliament are thieves — thieves, thieves, thieves.” But they never – deliberately – mentioned the name of the Hezbollah chairman Sayed Hassan Nasrallah. Hezbollah serves in the Lebanese government.
And two of the men jumped down from the truck – big, tough figures towering over the younger protesters – dodging the police line and moved into the demonstrators, shouting and demanding they end their curses about sectarianism. “The Sayed [Nasrallah] is the only one who is not corrupt!” one of them screamed. These men did not come to talk to the protesters or discuss their objections or even argue. They preached at them, raising their voices and bellowing their words. For a moment I wondered if I was perhaps in the holy city of Kerbala or Najaf. There is in fact no evidence that Nasrallah is corrupt; but thanks to US sanctions on Syria and Iran, the Hezbollah may be running out of cash.
Then the cops, all riot shields and batons, formed two ranks between the Hezbollah and their adversaries.
“I have come from Nabatieh and I have been here eight days and nothing has happened,” the Shiite – no friend of the Hezbollah even though Nabatieh is in the militia’s effective area of control – shouted back.
So is this to be the new pattern of Lebanon’s “revolution”? Will the attacks start now, as they did in Nabatieh this week, when Hezbollah supporters used batons to clear the town’s central square of protesters?
The signs of government decay are everywhere. When the elderly president Michel Aoun gave a short pre-recorded speech on television on Thursday, it was noticed at once that he had been unable even to complete a short series of sentences in one take. The leather-bound books behind him – none of which, I suspect, he has ever read – suddenly changed their position on the shelves between his sentences.
Then a Lebanese journalist, claiming to know all about the broadcast, said that Aoun had fallen asleep between his sentences.
Aoun and prime minister Hariri had earlier told the country’s interior minister, Raya al-Hassan, that she must order the interior police to use water cannons to clear the streets of Beirut and the country’s main highways.
“I will not give this order,” she replied. “This matter is political. It is not a security matter.” Hassan, needless to say, is perhaps the only popular government minister in this country. Nor are the cops or the army unsympathetic to the protesters. Two soldiers were caught on camera weeping with emotion.
Then came the video of minister Akram Shayeb leaving his downtown office to find protesters outside the door. His bodyguards raised their rifles – some of them apparently fired shots in the air – and one pointed his gun at a young woman. “Don’t you threaten us,” she cried, ran forward and kicked the gunman in the testicles. The image of her now famous kick is spray-painted on the walls of central Beirut.
In Martyrs’ Square, the tens of thousands of demonstrators had no time for talk of government “reform”. Nor was there a word about a proposed tax on WhatsApp. The men and women here were highly educated, many with their children, and in many cases professionals: doctors, lawyers, university staff. If this protest fails – and what they want, of course, is constitutional change – they will in many cases leave their country forever, impoverishing Lebanon for generations.
But they were not all rich. I saw poorly dressed farming men and women, in plastic shoes, no socks and dirty clothes. When the sky poured, an old man with a crumpled face and a clutch of plastic umbrellas over his arm ran to me and offered to sell me a brolly for 5,000 Lebanese pounds – about £2.50. When I gave him the money he put it to his lips and kissed the banknotes over and over again, the poor man’s way of expressing his thanks for good fortune.
The crowds here were deeply impressed by a Shiite cleric whose sermon in Beirut told the people they were right to demand freedom from a sectarian government. “Your religion is between you and God,” Sheikh Yasser Audi said. “Freedom must be exercised, the Prophet said this.” The Lebanese army commander, General Joseph Aoun – no relation to the near-speechless president – ordered his soldiers to use no violence against any demonstrators. If they were to be forced back, it must be by pushing them with their bodies, and not by drawing weapons.
I saw several Lebanese soldiers ostentatiously shouldering their weapons with the barrels down and the butts up, a traditional symbol of military personnel when they wish to show they do not intend to use violence. But then again, I saw this in Cairo during the 2011 Egyptian revolution – and look what happened to that. Amid the government – or what is left of it since the Christian Lebanese Forces ministers have resigned – there was talk of Gebran Bassil, the deeply unpopular foreign minister who is indeed the son-in-law of the near-speechless president, being prepared to resign if the Druze leader Walid Jumblatt withdrew his cabinet members from the government.
If this is window dressing, the idea is clearly intended to let the mass protests simmer down. I’m not at all sure, however, that this would any longer work. The bolder street demonstrations become, the greater their demands. And the cry for an entirely new constitution that will utterly abandon the sectarian system of government in Lebanon has grown stronger and stronger. There are many in the Arab and Muslim world who will wish them to fail. Bashar al-Assad for one, Sisi of Egypt for another. Certainly Iran. And the Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, whose petty “reforms” are now utterly overshadowed by the real shout for freedom in Lebanon.
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You can see why all the Arab dictators and kings fear this. If Lebanon’s people – especially its young people – succeed in their vast undertaking, then the millions of suppressed and poorly educated men and women across the Arab world will ask why they too cannot have these same freedoms. France supports the Lebanese demonstrators – which is a bit odd since it was the French after the First World War who imposed this vile sectarianism upon Lebanon. The Americans claim they are on the side of the protests. But I suspect this is because they want the Hezbollah to be disowned by the Lebanese – rather than a new free nation in the Middle East.
Well, we shall see.
In the meantime, we will also find out what Hezbollah has in store.
There is a palpable fear on the streets of Beirut. More than one of the interior ministry cops, I noticed, were wearing black face masks to hide their identity. More powerful than the Lebanese army, the Hezbollah obviously fears for its own popularity, and worries that it will in the future be cast into the outer darkness of Lebanon’s sectarian world rather than hero-worshipped. Their appearance at the demonstration in Riad Solh Street was extremely sinister. And be sure it will happen again.
Who would have thought that the winners of the 2006 war with Israel would align themselves with the political and corrupt elites of Lebanon?

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on November 29-30/2019
A proposed long-term Gaza truce brings Hamas back to Judea & Samaria. The IDF would go for it
DebkaFile/November 29/2019
Israel, the Palestinian Authority and Hamas are amidst negotiations for a multifaceted deal via Turkey, Qatar and the US for ending rocket fire from Gaza and affirming a Palestinian power-sharing agreement. This corridor to a long-term Gaza truce, while costly for Israel, is favored by its military command.
Hope was boosted when Hamas on Nov. 29 cancelled another of its Friday clashes, the third in a row, between bomb-throwing Palestinians and Israeli troops on the Gaza border. Reluctant to totally give up this twenty-month long week-by-week “March of Return” spectacle, Hamas leaders are discussing whether once every two months is enough.
Israel’s political scene is too toxic for Prime Minister Binyamin Netanyahu’s policies to be credited for this let-up in Gaza violence. Rather his policy of sanctioning Qatar’s monthly cash payments to Gaza’s Hamas rulers and its impoverished population was roundly slammed by his opponents. Opposition speakers vowed to “put a stop to the suitcases of cash entering Gaza” when they come to power.
But they have turned silent in the last few days now that this policy is seen starting to bear fruit. Not only has Hamas slowed its terrorist operations against Israel, but the hidebound Palestinian Authority in Ramallah, under its octogenarian chairman Mahmoud Abbas (Abu Mazen) of Fatah, is stirring into life.
The spirit of change awakening in the two rival Palestinian factions, Hamas and Fatah, may not be altogethery good news for Israel, especially when Turkey’s President Recep Erdogan is a key player. On a visit to Qatar on Nov. 26, to inaugurate a Turkish military base established to secure its ruler Sheikh Tamim Al-Thani in his dispute with Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates, his talks with the emir centered strongly on plans for Palestinian presidential and parliamentary elections to be held for the first time in 12 years.
Erdogan and his host devised a formula for overcoming the long feud between the Fatah leader Abbas and Hamas’ Ismail Haniyeh. They proposed that the rival factions agree in advance on the results of the election. Abu Mazen’s Fatah would win a majority, Hamas a minority. The presidency would be retained by the former. This carve-up would have two consequences:
The PA and its ruling Fatah would be given a role in the Gaza Strip’s civic rule, including full responsibility for expenditure, while Hamas would maintain its military arm and control of domestic security.
Hamas’ political and religious organs would be allowed by the PA to re-establish operations in the PA-controlled areas of the West Bank.
The Qatari sheikh and Turkish president offered to personally vouch for this accord for the two participants.
Another visitor to Doha this week was Abu Mazen. The Qataris handed him a personal letter of five pages addressed to him by Ismail Haniyeh. DEBKAfile’s sources report that the PA chairman, on the pretext of needing time to study its content, held back his reply to the Turkish-Qatari power-sharing proposal put before him.
Hamas is meanwhile making preparations for Palestinian elections. All its spokesmen have been ordered to desist from public statements. Yahya Sinwar, who is addicted to fiery rhetoric, was advised by Turkish president to stop hailing Iran as the great champion of the Palestinian cause. In another directive, Hamas ordered a halt on rocket fire against Israel, successfully applying it to the Islamic Jihad. The pause in the weekly border riots was another by-product of progress towards an agreed truce with Israel.
Erdogan and Al-Thani must still overcome formidable obstacles before an Abbas-Haniyeh accord is concluded and the way is clear for a long-term Gaza truce with Israel. But another hopeful sign that Hamas is finally beginning to attend to the needs of the Gaza population occurred this week when work began on a big new American hospital at the Erez border terminal between Gaza and Israel. This hospital would reduce the Gazans’ total dependence on Israel and Egypt for medical treatment.
The source of its funding is unknown, likely buried somewhere in the relations between Qatar and Washington and possibly figuring in President Donald Trump’s Middle East peace plan when it eventually sees the light of day. UN Middle East peace envoy Nikolay Mladenov is also making noteworthy progress on the track he is running between Egypt, Hamas and Israel.
This buzz around the Gaza may be positive news for Israel, by and large, but the price for its outcome may be high. If the Fatah-Hamas accord brokered by Qatar and Turkey goes through, Hamas’ political and religious institutions will be making a comeback on the West Bank. Israel will have to find a strong guarantor as insurance that Hamas will not exploit its comeback for a return to terrorist violence against Israel – this time within easy reach of its central conurbation and international airport.
However, with its politics in chaos, and an interim government with a life expectancy only up until another election just months away, Israel is in no state for making fateful decisions. The IDF’s Deputy Chief of Staff Brig. Gen, Eyal Zamir, former head of the Southern Command, is trying to step into the breach. He is going around with the enthusiastic message that the potential Fatah-Hamas deal, if concluded, would herald new relations of cooperation instead of confrontation between Hamas and Israel. He points out that already, Hamas is showing good will be holding the Islamic Jihad back from resuming its rocket barrage against Israel. Still, the obstacles to overcome before this happens are pretty formidable: For instance, Abu Mazen must forego his stipulation for the Palestinian elections to include East Jerusalem or not take place anywhere else. And Israel will not sanction any accords before Hamas hands over the missing IDF soldiers’ bodies and civilians held hostage against the mass release of convicted terrorists.

Iraq PM announces resignation after call from top Shiite cleric, Friday's death toll rises
Arab News/November 29/2019
BAGHDAD: Iraq's embattled premier announced Friday he would resign in keeping with the wishes of the country's top cleric, as renewed violence added to a soaring death toll in two months of anti-government protests.
Adel Abdel Mahdi's written statement was greeted with cheers and blaring music across Baghdad's iconic Tahrir Square, where demonstrators have massed since early October against a ruling class deemed corrupt and in hock to foreign powers.
"I will submit to the esteemed parliament a formal letter requesting my resignation from the premiership," Abdel Mahdi wrote, just hours after Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani used his weekly sermon to urge parliament to replace the cabinet. Abdel Mahdi would be the first prime minister to step down since Iraq became a parliamentary system following the US-led ouster of Saddam Hussein in 2003. "It's our first victory, and we're hoping for many more," shouted one demonstrator in Tahrir, as patriotic tunes blasted from the motorised rickshaws used to ferry casualties from the square.
Nearby, protesters occupying a gutted 18-storey building that has become a symbol of the uprising could be seen dancing and pumping their fists in the air. But despite their joy, many said the premier's resignation did not go far enough.
"We won't leave the square until every last one of those corrupt people resigns," said another demonstrator in a black shirt.
"Weed them all out. Every single one."
The grassroots movement is the largest Iraq has seen in decades, but also the deadliest, with more than 400 people dead and 15,000 wounded in Baghdad and the Shiite-majority south, according to an AFP tally.
The toll continued to rise on Friday, with 15 protesters shot dead in the flashpoint city of Nasiriyah and another killed in the Shiite shrine city of Najaf.
The UN's top official in Iraq, Jeanine Hennis-Plasschaert, said the deaths "cannot be tolerated". The previous day had been one of the bloodiest yet, with 44 demonstrators killed and nearly 1,000 wounded in Baghdad and across the south. That came after protesters stormed the Iranian consulate in Najaf late Wednesday, accusing the neighbouring country of propping up Iraq's government. Tehran demanded Iraq take decisive action against the protesters, saying it was "disgusted" by developments.
In response, Abdel Mahdi ordered military chiefs to deploy in several provinces to "impose security and restore order" -- but the result was the opposite. Men in civilian clothes opened fire at demonstrators, tribal fighters deployed in the streets and military commanders.
As the death toll surged, governors and police chiefs resigned and Abdel Mahdi sacked a senior military commander. On Friday, demonstrators encircled a Nasiriyah police station and torched five police cars.
And in Najaf, where 16 people died the previous day, new clashes erupted between protesters and armed men dressed in civilian clothes. As in Baghdad, demonstrators in the south did not appear satisfied with Abdel Mahdi's resignation. "Our problem isn't the prime minister -- we want all the parties to go!" one man told AFP in Diwaniyah. Since October 1, Baghdad and the south have been rocked by the most widespread street unrest in decades, demanding an overhaul of the ruling elite and reforms to root out corruption, end unemployment and improve infrastructure. The demonstrations initially shook Abdel Mahdi, who came to power last October after a strained alliance between the two largest parliamentary blocs, Saeroon and Fatah.
The protests divided them, with Fatah backing the premier while Saeroon leader and firebrand cleric Moqtada Sadr called for him to resign. But they closed ranks around the cabinet following a deal brokered by top Iranian commander Qasem Soleimani.
The tide turned again this week, culminating with Sistani's dramatic intervention. For weeks, the 89-year-old cleric had called for restraint and urged parties to get "serious" about reform. But he ramped up his demands on Friday.
"The parliament, from which this current government is drawn, is asked to reconsider its choice in this regard," he said in his weekly sermon. Within minutes, Saeroon as well as MP and former premier Haider al-Abadi had called for a vote of no-confidence.
The Fatah bloc called for "the necessary changes in the interests of Iraq".
Parliament is set to meet on Sunday and if it drops its support for the government, the cabinet would remain in place as caretakers until the president names a new premier. Iraq's constitution, drafted in 2005, does not include a provision for the resignation of the premier, so his intention to submit a letter to parliament would trigger a no-confidence vote. The country is OPEC's second-largest crude producer but one in five Iraqis lives in poverty and youth unemployment stands at 25 percent, according to the World Bank.

US says Iraqi leaders must address grievances after PM quits
AFP/Friday, 29 November 2019
The United States called Friday on Iraqi leaders to address the “legitimate” grievances of protesters including corruption after the embattled prime minister announced his resignation. “We share the protesters’ legitimate concerns,” a State Department spokeswoman said, echoing a US line through the two months of protests. “We continue to urge the government of Iraq to advance the reforms demanded by the people, including those that address unemployment, corruption, and electoral reform,” she said. The spokeswoman did not comment directly on Prime Minister Adil Abdel Mahdi’s decision to quit, saying that the State Department deferred to the Iraqi government for further comment. Abdel Mahdi had been seen as a nimble enough player to please both Iran and the United States, arch-adversaries that both have longstanding connections inside Iraq. He weathered two months of protests that had killed more than 400 people but gave up Friday when he lost the support of the Shia Muslim-majority nation’s top cleric, Grand Ayatollah Ali Sistani. The United States has repeatedly called for Iraqi leaders to listen to protesters but has been relatively restrained about intervening in a state that it completely recrafted after the 2003 invasion. Much of the US focus has been on demanding that Iraqis distance themselves from neighboring Iran. US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo has also threatened to impose sanctions on Iraqi officials found to have stolen wealth. A State Department official said as the crisis escalated that Abdel Mahdi was the best prime minister that the United States could expect. Vice President Mike Pence did not see him on a quick visit to Iraq last weekend, with a US official saying security concerns prevented him from going to Baghdad.

British police shoot suspect in London Bridge terrorist incident, government sources say two dead
Arab News/November 29/2019
LONDON: British police shot a man on London Bridge in the heart of Britain’s capital on Friday after a stabbing that left two people dead and several people wounded, according to government sources.
Scotland Yard on Friday said armed officers on London Bridge had shot dead a man wearing a "hoax explosive device" after several people were stabbed in the city. "I'm now in a position to confirm that it has been declared a terrorist incident," Assistant Commissioner Neil Basu, of the Metropolitan Police, said in a statement. Scores of police, some armed with submachine guns, rushed to the scene, ushering bemused office workers and tourists out of an area packed with office buildings, banks, restaurants and bars. Workers in office blocks in the area were told to stay inside.
The police force said officers were called just before 2 p.m. “to a stabbing at premises near to London Bridge,” which links the city’s business district with the south bank of the River Thames.They said a man was detained and “a number of people have been injured.”We are in the early stages of dealing with an incident at London Bridge. Please follow @metpoliceuk for updates. If you are near the scene, please follow the directions of any officer on the ground. Witnesses reported seeing what appeared to be fighting on the bridge and hearing several gunshots. Sky News reported that the man shot was the apparent attacker. One video posted on social media showed two men struggling on the bridge before police pulled a man in civilian clothes off a black-clad man on the ground. Shots then rang out.
Other images showed police, guns drawn, pointing at a figure on the ground in the distance. Amanda Hunter said she was on a bus crossing the bridge when she heard shots.
"(The bus) all of a sudden stopped and there was commotion and I looked out the window and I just saw these three police officers going over to a man,” she told the BBC. "It seemed like there was something in his hand, I'm not 100% sure, but then one of the police officers shot him.”
BBC reporter John McManus was in the area and said he saw figures grappling on the bridge. He said: “I thought it was initially a fight,” but then shots rang out. "I’m being kept updated on the incident at London Bridge and want to thank the police and all emergency services for their immediate response." — Prime Minister Boris JCars and buses on the busy bride were at a standstill, with a white truck stopped diagonally across the lanes. Video footage showed police pointing guns at the truck before moving to check its container.
British Transport Police said London Bridge station, one of the city’s busiest rail hubs, was closed and trains were not stopping there. City of London Police, the force responsible for the business district, urged people to stay away from the area. The incident revived memories of the June 2017 London Bridge attack, when three Islamic State-inspired attackers ran down people on the bridge, killing two, before stabbing several people to death in nearby Borough Market. That incident took place days before a general election. Britons are due to go to the polls again on Dec. 12.
Prime Minister Boris Johnson’s office said he was receiving updates on the incident and was returning to his 10 Downing St. office from the campaign trail. In March 2017, an attacker fatally struck four people with a car on nearby Westminster Bridge then fatally stabbed a police officer before security forces shot and killed him in a courtyard outside Parliament.

Several Injured after Stabbing near London Bridge
Agence France Presse/Naharnet/November 29/2019
The Metropolitan Police on Friday said several people were injured and a man was held after a stabbing near London Bridge in the center of the British capital.The force said it was called to a stabbing at a premises near the bridge at 1:58 pm (1358 GMT). "A man has been detained... We believe a number of people have been injured," it added.

Toll rises to 15 protesters dead in south Iraq clashes: Medics
AFP, Nasiriyah/Friday, 29 November 2019
The death toll in Iraq’s flashpoint southern city of Nasiriyah rose to 15 protesters on Friday, medics said, as security forces fired on rallies in a new spree of violence. Dozens more were wounded in Nasiriyah, just hours after Prime Minister Adil Abdel Mahdi pledged to resign in the wake of protests demanding a government overhaul. Nearly 420 protesters have died since the rallies erupted on October 1.Abdul Mahdi’s decision came in response to a call for a change of leadership on Friday by Iraq’s top Shia Muslim cleric Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the statement said.

Iraq top cleric al-Sistani condemns attacks on peaceful protesters, rejects govt

Reuters, Al Arabiya English/Friday, 29 November 2019
Iraq’s top Shiite cleric on Friday condemned the use of lethal force against protesters and urged demonstrators to reject acts of violence and vandalism, warning against another spiral of violence as demonstrations continued across the country. “Attacks against peaceful protesters are forbidden,” a representative of Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani said, addressing worshippers at Friday prayer in Karbala. Protesters “must not allow peaceful demonstrations to be turned into attacks on property or people ... and peaceful demonstrators should coordinate to eject vandals,” he said. Urges parliament to reject government
Al-Sistani also urged parliament on Friday to drop its support for the current cabinet. “The parliament, from which this current government is drawn, is asked to reconsider its choice in this regard and act according to Iraq’s interest ... [to] preserve the blood of its children,” Sistani said in a weekly sermon delivered by his representative in the holy city of Karbala. Al-Sistani has previously called on politicians to hurry up in reforming electoral laws and said the changes would be the only way to resolve weeks of deadly unrest.His comments came as the death toll from weeks of anti-government unrest rose on Friday to at least 408 people killed, mostly unarmed protesters, a Reuters count based on police and medical sources showed.

Iraqi prime minister says he will resign: Statement
Reuters, Baghdad/Friday, 29 November 2019
Iraqi Prime Minister Adil Abdul Mahdi said on Friday he would present his resignation to parliament so lawmakers could choose a new government, according to a statement from his office. Abdul Mahdi’s decision came in response to a call for a change of leadership on Friday by Iraq’s top Shia Muslim cleric Grand Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani, the statement said. “In response to this call, and in order to facilitate it as quickly as possible, I will present to parliament a demand (to accept) my resignation from the leadership of the current government,” said the statement, signed by Abdul Mahdi. The statement did not specify when he would tender his resignation. Parliament is due to convene on Sunday. Al-Sistani urged the parliament to drop its support for the current cabinet. “The parliament, from which this current government is drawn, is asked to reconsider its choice in this regard and act according to Iraq’s interest ... [to] preserve the blood of its children,” al-Sistani said in a weekly sermon delivered by his representative in the holy city of Karbala. This development comes amid report that Iraqi Security forces shot dead at least three protesters in the southern city of Nasiriyah, bringing the death toll from weeks of violence nationwide to more than 400 people, mostly young, unarmed demonstrators, a Reuters count based on police and medical sources showed.

Iraq protests continue after judiciary opens investigation into deaths
Tommy Hilton, Al Arabiya English/Friday, 29 November 2019
Protests continued in Iraq on Friday after the judiciary opened an investigation into protests in the restive southern province of Dhi Qar, where tens of protesters have been killed over two days of violence. Thousands of demonstrators were reported flocking to Baghdad's Tahrir Square, with protests continuing in the southern city of Nasiriyah on Friday afternoon. The Supreme Judicial Council of Iraq announced the formation of a body to investigate the killing of protesters in Nasiriyah, the capital of Dhi Qar province, over the last two days. After the announcement, tribes in Nasiriyah demanded the trial of Jamil al-Shammari for his alleged role in the killing of protesters in the area, reported an Al Arabiya source. Renewed clashes also reportedly broke out in front of the police command for Dhi Qar province. At least 27 protesters were killed and 152 injured in yesterday’s clashes between demonstrators and security forces in Nasiriyah, as southern Iraq and the capital Baghdad descend into violence. Protesters had burned the Iranian consulate in Najaf on Wednesday night. Iraqi security forces shot dead Iraqi at least 32 protesters at the site, Al Arabiya sources confirmed the following day. Iraq announced it is setting up military-led ‘crisis cells’ aimed at quelling mass unrest according to a military statement.
Al-Sistani backs protesters
Iraq's top Shiite cleric Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani condemned attacks on peaceful protesters, as demonstrations continued in Baghdad and Nasiriyah. The country must not descend into strife, warned al-Sistani, adding that protesters should cooperate to expel saboteurs in their ranks and prevent them from exploiting demonstrations.
Death toll reaches 400: Reuters
A reuters count, based on police and medical sources, put the death toll from the protests at at least 408 as of Friday afternoon. According to the count, at least 46 of those killed since October 1 were in Nasiriyah.
Activist assassinated
The activist Haidar al-Lami was assassinated by gunmen in Maysan province, according to reports from Iraqi media. Twitter users said that Haidar led a convoy that supported the protests by providing food and services to the demonstrators.

Three killed in Iraq’s Nasiriyah, sending protest toll over 400: Sources
Reuters, Al Arabiya English/Friday, 29 November 2019
Iraqi Security forces shot dead at least three protesters in the southern city of Nasiriyah, bringing the death toll from weeks of violence to more than 400 people, mostly young, unarmed demonstrators, a Reuters count based on police and medical sources showed. Several people died of wounds sustained in clashes on Thursday with security forces in the southern city of Nasiriyah, hospital sources said, bringing the number of people killed there to at least 46 and the total nationwide to more than 400 since October 1. Protests continued in Iraq on Friday after the judiciary opened an investigation into protests in the restive southern province of Dhi Qar, of which Nasiriyah is the capital. Iraq’s top Shiite cleric on Friday condemned the use of lethal force against protesters and urged demonstrators to reject acts of violence and vandalism, warning against another spiral of violence as demonstrations continued across the country. “Attacks against peaceful protesters are forbidden,” a representative of Ayatollah Ali al-Sistani said, addressing worshippers at Friday prayer in Karbala.

At least 50 ‘rioters’ arrested in Iran for alleged links to protests
Yaghoub Fazeli, Al Arabiya English/Friday, 29 November 2019
At least 50 people were arrested in three major Iranian cities on Thursday for alleged links to the recent anti-government protests in the country, state media reported citing local authorities.Western Tehran’s police chief Mohsen Khancharli said that 30 of the “main” individuals behind the recent “riots and unrest in Western Tehran” have been arrested. The arrestees “engaged in sabotage” and “attacked security forces,” claimed Khancharli, adding that they have “confessed to their crimes.”Another seven were arrested in the central province of Isfahan, the province’s police chief said. The arrestees in Isfahan were some of the “leaders” of the “recent riots” and were arrested in a “complex” police operation, said Mehdi Masoum Beigi. Beigi added that the arrestees have “confessed.”Another 11 were arrested in the capital of the province of Fars, the province’s police chief said. “Nine of the main co-operators with opposing and foreign networks, and two of the main individuals involved in the unrest and the destruction of public property were arrested in Shiraz,” said Raham Bakhsh Habibi. Like the police chiefs of western Tehran and Isfahan, Habibi also said that the arrestees “confessed” to their crimes. At the same time, it is unclear whether the arrestees have basic rights such as access to an attorney. Iran has claimed victory of the protests, which it blames on foreign powers. The government arrested eight people “linked to the CIA,” state news agency IRNA reported late Wednesday. The death toll from the protests is still uncertain, but opposition groups have put it in the hundreds, as Iranian security forces cracked down on demonstrators in cities across the country. The protests were initially sparked by a rise in fuel prices, prompting the government to shutdown the internet across vast swaths of the country.

Syria constitutional talks end without consensus on agenda: UN envoy
Reuters, Geneva/Friday, 29 November 2019
A second week-long round of Syrian talks has ended without a meeting of the group of 45 delegates meant to be negotiating on the constitution, United Nations Special Envoy Geir Pedersen said on Friday. The Syrian government and opposition co-chairs were unable to agree on agenda for the constitutional talks, he told reporters. “We have been trying to reach consensus but as I said we are not there yet.”The talks are meant to be a step forward in what the UN says will be a long road to political rapprochement, followed by elections. But experts question whether President Bashar al-Assad will be willing to cede much in any negotiations after his Russian- and Iranian-back forces recaptured large areas of the country in offensives against opposition fighters and militants since 2015.

Russia tries to block new Syria chemical weapons probe
AFP, The Hague/Thursday, 28 November 2019
Russia urged member states of the global chemical weapons watchdog to vote on Thursday against funding a new team that will identify the culprits behind toxic attacks in Syria. Moscow and its allies are trying to block next year’s budget for the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons -- potentially leaving the entire agency unable to operate -- if it includes money for the new Identification and Investigations Team (IIT). The United States hit back by accusing Russia of a “cover-up” of the use of chemical weapons by its ally Damascus, at a tense annual meeting of the OPCW’s 193 member countries in The Hague. “If the financing for the IIT comes out of voluntary contributions (the annual budget paid for by member states) then this will mean one thing only,” Russian ambassador Alexander Shulgin told the meeting. “It will mean that the backers (of the IIT) are going to hire so-called investigators looking at chemical crimes, they will be hired to draw up conclusions which suit the ends of the sponsors,” Shulgin said. “This is disquieting. Confirmation can be found in what’s happening surrounding Douma.”Russia and the West have already clashed repeatedly over allegations by two whistleblowers that the OPCW altered the conclusions of a probe that found chlorine was used in an attack in the Syrian town of Douma in April 2018.Western powers launched airstrikes against Syria in response. OPCW states then approved a western-backed motion in 2018 to give the organization new powers to pin blame on culprits. Previously it could only confirm whether a chemical assault had occurred. “The Syrian cover-up is never going to work because the international community has the courage of its convictions. Unfortunately Russia has played a central role in this cover-up,” said US ambassador to the OPCW Kenneth Ward. “Russia and Syria may sit with us here but they stand apart from us in a fundamental way. They continue to embrace chemical weapons.”France meanwhile defended the “independent and impartial” Douma investigation. “We regret that some delegations have given more importance to partial leaks than to a report which was generated in a rigorous manner,” said France’s deputy permanent representative to the OPCW, Tiphaine Jouffroy. WikiLeaks at the weekend released an email from an investigator accusing the OPCW of altering the original findings of probe to make evidence of a chemical attack seem more conclusive. Another whistleblower’s report complained about the Douma probe earlier this year. The OPCW won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2013 and says it has eliminated 97 percent of the world’s chemical weapons.

Omar al-Bashir’s NCP condemns Sudan ‘illegal govt’ move to dissolve party

Al Arabiya English, Reuters/Friday, 29 November 2019
The former leader of Sudan Omar al-Bashir's National Congress Party (NCP) condemned on Friday the move by the new Sudanese government to dissolve it. The law was passed on Thursday during a joint meeting of Sudan’s sovereign council and cabinet that lasted several hours. The Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA), which spearheaded the protests against Bashir, welcomed the law, saying it included the dissolution of the former ruling party and the confiscation of its funds and property. “It is an important step on the path to building a democratic civilian state,” the group said in a statement.

Sudan approves law to ‘dismantle’ former regime of Omar al-Bashir
Reuters/Friday, 29 November 2019
Sudanese transitional authorities approved a law late on Thursday to “dismantle” the regime of former president Omar al-Bashir, responding to a key demand of protest movement that helped overthrow him in April, state TV reported. The Sudanese Professionals Association (SPA), which spearheaded the protests against Bashir, welcomed the law, saying it included the dissolution of the former ruling party and the confiscation of its funds and property. “It is an important step on the path to building a democratic civilian state,” the group said in a statement. Implementation of the law will be a crucial test of how far transitional authorities are willing or able to go to overturn nearly three decades of rule by Bashir, who took power in a 1989 coup. The law was passed during a joint meeting of Sudan’s sovereign council and cabinet that lasted several hours. The meeting saw disputes over an article that bans people who took leading posts in the former regime from practicing politics, sources with knowledge of the proceedings told Reuters. Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok said on Twitter that the law was not an act of revenge, but was rather aimed at preserving the “dignity of the Sudanese people.”“We passed this law in a joint meeting to establish justice and respect the dignity of the people, and safeguard their gains, and so that the people’s looted wealth can be recovered,” he added. Hamdok’s government was formed in September after a power-sharing deal between anti-Bashir groups and the Transitional Military Council that ruled the country immediately after Bashir’s overthrow.

The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on November 29-30/2019
Analysis/Where Netanyahu Sees an Iranian Threat, His New Defense Chief Sees an Opportunity
عاموس هاريل/هآرتس: نيتنياهو يرى أن هنالك تهديداً إيرانياً فيما وزير دفاعه يرى في الأمر فرصة
Amos Harel/Haaretz/November 29/2019
http://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/80972/%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d8%b3-%d9%87%d8%a7%d8%b1%d9%8a%d9%84-%d9%87%d8%a2%d8%b1%d8%aa%d8%b3-%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%aa%d9%86%d9%8a%d8%a7%d9%87%d9%88-%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%89-%d8%a3%d9%86-%d9%87%d9%86%d8%a7%d9%84/?preview_id=80972&preview_nonce=2e77d49017&preview=true&_thumbnail_id=67769
However, setbacks in Iran’s expansionist military project in Syria won’t change Tehran’s long-term agenda
On Sunday, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and Defense Minister Naftali Bennett took a tour of the northern part of the country. Accompanied by Israel Defense Forces Deputy Chief of Staff Maj. Gen. Eyal Zamir and Northern Command chief Maj. Gen. Amir Baram, they visited troops from the Galilee Division, responsible for security along the Lebanon border, and the Bahsan Division, in charge of the border with Syria.
Security issues are apparently serving the prime minister’s own purposes, more than they are giving him sleepless nights. Constantly raising the public’s awareness of military dangers heightens Netanyahu’s image as the country’s great defender, and ostensibly justifies his remaining in power, despite the indictments. The visit took place a few days after four Fajr-5 rockets were fired at Mount Hermon from Syria by Iranian-controlled Shi’ite militias from the southern outskirts of Damascus. The rockets were intercepted by the Iron Dome system, and Israel responded with an extensive attack on Iranian and Syrian military sites in southern Syria. During their tour, Netanyahu and Bennett reiterated the usual threats against Iran, Syria, Hezbollah and Israel’s other enemies. The impression created was that Israel is determined to use all means at its disposal to combat the Iranian danger looming on its borders.
The trip north was, of course, entirely political. Just a few days earlier, Attorney General Avichai Mendelblit had announced his decision to file corruption charges against Netanyahu in three cases; two days later, thousands of supporters of the prime minister gathered at a solidarity rally for him in Tel Aviv.
These days, Netanyahu is simultaneously waging a battle of vilification against the attorney general and state prosecutors, deploying to defend himself ahead of the possible lifting of his immunity by the Knesset, and also stonewalling, in the hope of thwarting last-minute efforts by his rivals (in Kahol Lavan as well as in Likud) to form a new government without another election.
The tour of army installations on Wednesday by Kahol Lavan leader MK Benny Gantz and others from his party paled in comparison to Netanyahu’s. Moreover, Gantz, unlike Netanyahu and Bennett, isn’t entitled to have his picture taken with IDF officers at his side.
A sensitive ear would have noted a difference in tone between the remarks made by the prime minister and those of the defense minister, when they were up north. The former pursued his alarmist line: The Iranians are lurking at the Syrian border, and they are building missile bases in Iraq and in Yemen in order to threaten Israel from those regions. Bennett sounded different, almost gung-ho, and addressed the Iranians directly: “There’s nothing for you in Syria, there’s no reason for you to try and consolidate yourselves there. Whatever you try to do, you will encounter a strong and determined IDF that will strike at you.”
Where Netanyahu talks about a threat, his defense minister perceives an opportunity. The Iranians, he believes, made a mistake in deciding to move their campaign close to the border with Israel. Establishing themselves militarily in southern Syria requires a long and vulnerable logistical chain, stretching all the way from Tehran to Damascus. Deployment of militias on the Golan Heights front allows Israel intelligence and air superiority, close to home. Iran will have a very hard time closing that gap, no matter what quantities of materiel and troops it may try to deploy along the border.
Moreover, the riots in Iraq, Lebanon and, recently in Iran as well, require the authorities to focus their attention and energies to dealing with domestic troubles. Hezbollah has no desire whatsoever to be dragged into a war with Israel at this time, as Iran’s proxy. That situation, according to Bennett, leaves General Qasem Soleimani, commander of the Quds Force in the Revolutionary Guards, with a limited power of response – mostly from Syria and western Iraq. Those are dangers that Israel can handle, if necessary by delivering more potent blows.
Managing the risks
Where Bennett portrays Iran as an octopus, extending its tentacles across the Middle East, Israeli intelligence thinks of it as a hedgehog. The local arena is of most concern to Tehran’s leadership, which is in a permanent state of “battle readiness” and sees conspirators in every corner. On Wednesday, following what appears to have been the successful brutal suppression of demonstrations in Iran against the spike in fuel prices – estimates in the West are that more than 300 protesters were killed and about 4,000 wounded – Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei declared that the Iranian people had “quelled a broad and dangerous conspiracy that was led by foreign agents.”
Moreover, Iran remains under huge economic pressure due to the American sanctions. Its military actions, notably the attacks on petroleum sites in the Persian Gulf, are intended primarily to create counter-pressure against the West and to force the United States to relent.
And the domestic crisis has not gone away. On the 40th anniversary of the Islamic Revolution, Iran’s revolutionary fervor has faded, and what remains is mainly the suppression. Some experts say that the current situation recalls the period leading up to the dissolution of the Soviet Union, even if the Tehran’s regime’s expiry date is far from clear.
Was Iran’s military expansion as far as Syria really a mistake? Tehran, according to Jerusalem’s reading, has a different conception of time. Individual failures, in firing rockets or being bombed by Israel, do not necessarily alter the long-term view. The major concern in Israel is Soleimani’s risk-management policy; in the meantime, he’s getting a free hand from the leader. Is he liable to gamble irresponsibly and expand the friction into an all-out military confrontation with Israel? That’s a danger that lurks more vividly in Lebanon than in Syria. Israel has stated that the establishment of facilities in Lebanon for manufacture of precision weapons will not be tolerated under any circumstances. The Iranians, for their part, have not desisted from their efforts to promote such a project, together with Hezbollah.
Broken promises
In the summer of 2018, the regime of Bashar Assad completed the recapture of southern Syria. The Russian forces in the country succeeded in dismantling most of the strongholds of resistance to the Syrian ruler. When the Russians threatened carpet bombing, a method of warfare they had previously demonstrated in Aleppo, the majority of leaders in the insurgent villages signed surrender agreements. In return for not intervening in events in the Syrian Golan, Israel was promised that the front would remain quiet.
A Russian-American-Jordanian agreement, and verbal assurances as well from Moscow, stipulated that Iran and its satellites would not be allowed to draw closer than 70 or 80 kilometers (43-49 miles) from the border (there are different accounts about the distance). Netanyahu supporters presented the understandings as a tremendous strategic achievement, one that would not have come to pass were it not for the prime minister’s close friendship with Russian President Vladimir Putin.
None of the Russians’ promises were kept: Iran and its proxies are present on almost every square meter of ground between Damascus and the Israeli border. In the Israeli punitive attacks on November 20, a large number of targets – most of them Iranian, a few Syrian – were hit in the area between Damascus and the border. On bases near Damascus, within the strip that was supposed to be empty of Iranians, the Revolutionary Guards and the Shi’ite militias have deployed a range of weapons systems, some of which, such as the Fajr rockets, can hit Israel. (More advanced systems have for the most part been limited to the area north and east of Damascus, for fear of Israeli strikes.) And deployed all along the Golan Heights front, and in the rear as well, are observation posts, Syrian units with Iranian advisers, weapons experts from Hezbollah, and local terrorist and guerrilla networks that Hezbollah is setting up.
The potential of the Syrian border becoming active, as a secondary front in the event of war erupting between Israel and Hezbollah in Lebanon, already exists. And since February 2018 – the first instance in which Iran tried to attack Israel from Syria (with a drone. carrying explosives) – there have been six incidents in which rockets, drones and multirotors have been launched by the Iranians or by militias operating at their directive.
What is the chance that Israel will be able to persuade them to recalculate their course of action, as Bennett believes? The final decisions will probably be made in Tehran. The Syrian regime is not happy about the idea of absorbing collateral damage from Israel, as in the recent attack, because of the Iranians. Russia, too, has no interest in seeing Iranian military consolidation in Syria thrive. However, at present, neither Damascus nor Moscow appears overly willing to confront Tehran on this issue.

France: "We Want to Regain Control of Our Migration Policy"
Soeren Kern/Gatestone Institute/November 29/2019
"The number of asylum applications in France increased by more than 20% in 2018 while it is declining everywhere else in Europe. Why is it declining elsewhere and increasing in France? Maybe we need to ask the question, why is this 'French Eldorado' being promoted everywhere?" — MP Emmanuelle Ménard, French Member of Parliament.
Critics noted that Philippe's measures will not resolve the underlying problem — that the French government refuses adequately to secure the country's borders to prevent illegal migrants from entering France in the first place.
"The government has decided nothing. There will always be 255,000 legal aliens per year, plus 100,000 asylum seekers, plus all the illegal immigrants that no one has even considered counting, plus thousands of unaccompanied minors." — Marine Le Pen, leader of the National Rally party.
Meanwhile, illegal immigration to and through France continues unabated.
French police recently cleared more than 2,000 migrants from makeshift encampments in northern Paris. The crackdown appears to be aimed at blunting the rising popularity of the anti-mass-migration National Rally party and its leader Marine Le Pen. Pictured: A migrant tent-camp near Porte de la Chapelle (northern Paris) in 2015.
French police recently cleared more than 2,000 migrants from makeshift encampments in northern Paris. The crackdown comes after the government announced a series of measures to curb illegal immigration.
The migration crackdown appears to be aimed at blunting the rising popularity of the anti-mass-migration party National Rally and its leader Marine Le Pen. She has dismissed the government's actions as a "political swindle" that will increase, not decrease, immigration.
On November 28, police began removing hundreds of migrants from a camp at Porte d'Aubervilliers in the 19th arrondissement in northeastern Paris. The clearance operation was delayed by a week due to an insufficient police presence to guarantee security. An estimated 2,000 migrants are living in the camp in squalid conditions.
On November 7, 500 police officers cleared more than 1,600 migrants from two makeshift camps near Porte de la Chapelle in the 18th arrondissement in northern Paris. The camps, consisting mostly of tents, were located under the Boulevard Périphérique, a massive, multi-lane ring road that loops around the French capital.
A total of 1,606 migrants, from Africa, Asia and the Middle East, were put on buses and taken to temporary accommodations in other parts of Paris. Many other migrants, presumably those whose asylum applications have already been denied, fled before the buses arrived to avoid being registered, processed and possibly deported.
Interior Minister Christophe Castaner said that the migrants will be housed at public facilities while their asylum requests are being processed. He added that those whose asylum requests are denied would have to leave France.
Police said that they would maintain a presence in the areas to ensure that the migrants do not return. "I will no longer tolerate these installations by the roadside here or anywhere else on public spaces in Paris," said Paris Police Chief Didier Lallement.
The Deputy Mayor of Paris, Emmanuel Grégoire, said that in addition to the camp in Porte de la Chapelle, there were another 1,600 migrants in a camp at nearby Porte d'Aubervilliers and more camps at Porte de la Villete and in Seine-Saint-Denis, all in northern Paris.
Observers said that the crackdown in Paris could trigger a mass movement of migrants to the northern port city of Calais, from where they may try to reach Britain by crossing the English Channel. French authorities cleared a sprawling migrant camp in Calais in 2016, and many residents of the camp fled to Paris and set up migrant camps across the city.
The clearing operation in Paris is part of a package of 20 measures announced by Prime Minister Édouard Philippe on November 6 to "take back control" over migration policy.
Philippe, who serves under President Emmanuel Macron, said that the government would clear all the migrant camps in France before the end of the year, restrict access to medical care for migrants who are not authorized to be in France, and establish quotas for migrants with professional skills to offset labor shortages. He also said that the government would create 16,000 more housing spaces for migrants, along with three more detention centers for those not authorized to be in France.
"It's about sovereignty," Philippe said. "We want to regain control of our immigration policy. Taking back control means ensuring that when we say yes, it really means yes, and when we say no, it really means no."
Philippe insisted that the measures were the mark of a "France that is open but not naïve," adding that they strike the "right balance between reassuring our citizens and not giving ground to populism."
Critics noted that Philippe's measures will not resolve the underlying problem — that the French government refuses adequately to secure the country's borders to prevent illegal migrants from entering France in the first place.
Immigration has become a major political issue ahead of French municipal elections to be held in March 2020, and presidential elections set for 2022. Polls show that Macron's La République En Marche party (LREM) is currently running neck and neck with Le Pen's National Rally party, according to an Ifop survey published by Le Journal du Dimanche on November 3.
In September, Macron hinted at a tougher line on immigration, arguing the government must stop voters from drifting to populist parties. "France cannot host everyone if it wants to host them well," Macron told French radio station Europe 1 on September 25.
Macron's comments caused a backlash from left-leaning members of his own party who penned two open letters warning against "fueling hatred against all Muslim citizens." LREM lawmaker Jean-François Cesarini accused Macron of "co-opting the talking points" of Le Pen's National Rally.
On October 7, during a parliamentary debate on immigration, Philippe tried to present a united front. He told lawmakers at the National Assembly that the government does not seek to crack down on immigration "as a whole," but rather to simplify some processes and improve the situations of those who are legally in France. He added that the government wanted to crack down on illegal migration and people-smuggling.
Le Pen described the government's announced crackdown on illegal immigration as a "political swindle" and a "smokescreen" that will lead to even more immigration. Speaking on Europe 1 Radio, she noted:
"The government has decided nothing. There will always be 255,000 legal aliens per year, plus 100,000 asylum seekers, plus all the illegal immigrants that no one has even considered counting, plus thousands of unaccompanied minors."
Le Pen also questioned the government's plan to establish quotas for foreign workers: "With six million unemployed, is the urgency not to find employment for the French?"
MP Nicolas Dupont-Aignan of the eurosceptic party Debout la France said that the government's plan "will bring in migrants to nurture professions that should be nurtured by our youth."
Independent MP Emmanuelle Ménard dismissed the government's plan as "symbolic" and a denounced the "absolute record" of new asylum applications since Macron took office in May 2017.
"The number of asylum applications in France increased by more than 20% in 2018 while it is declining everywhere else in Europe. Why is it declining elsewhere and increasing in France? Maybe we need to ask the question, why is this 'French Eldorado' being promoted everywhere?"
France received a record 122,743 asylum requests in 2018, a 22% increase over 2017, when France received 100,775 requests, according to the Interior Ministry's Directorate General of Foreigners in France (DGEF). By comparison, France received 85,726 asylum requests in 2016, 80,075 in 2015, 64,811 in 2014 and 66,251 in 2013.
Asylum seekers in 2018 were mostly from Afghanistan, followed by Guinea, Albania, Georgia, Ivory Coast, Sudan, Bangladesh, Congo and Mali, according to DGEF.
In 2018, 6.5 million immigrants were living in France, representing 9.7% of the total population of 67 million, according to data published on October 8 by the French statistics agency INSEE. In 2018, 46.1% of immigrants living in France were born in Africa; 33.5% were born in Europe.
An estimated 320,000 people were living in France illegally in 2018, according to data compiled by the Ministry of Health. The estimate is based on the 318,106 migrants who have a card that allows free access to state medical services (L'aide médicale de l'État, AME), costing French taxpayers roughly 1 billion euros a year. Not all illegal immigrants have an AME card, so the actual number of undocumented immigrants may be much higher.
Meanwhile, illegal immigration to and through France continues unabated. On November 2, for instance, 31 Pakistani migrants were found in the back of a truck on the A8 motorway during a police check at a toll booth near Nice. The migrants were sent back to Italy. October 28, eight Afghan migrants, including two children, were found with hypothermia in a refrigerated truck at the port of Calais.
On October 19, thirteen migrants, including one child, were found in the back of a cattle truck at the port of Calais. The British driver was detained by French authorities. Four others were arrested by the UK's National Crime Agency (NCA) in a string of raids in Romford, London and Brentwood in Essex.
A total of 237 vessels were intercepted in the English Channel during the first nine months of 2019, according to Pas-de-Calais prefecture, the regional government in Calais. British authorities brought 138 boats to the UK, while the rest were intercepted by the French. More than 1,460 migrants have crossed the Channel to England successfully in 2019; another 1,105 were stopped in France.
*Soeren Kern is a Senior Fellow at the New York-based Gatestone Institute.
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Tehran's leaders will be tempted to attack Gulf states again to divert attention from their domestic woes
Con Coughlin/The National/November 29/2019
Following the Saudi Aramco assault, regime loyalists think the best way to respond to internal political pressures is to engage in action further afield
As fresh evidence emerges of Iranian involvement in September’s devastating attack on Saudi Arabia’s Aramco oil infrastructure, there is a growing consensus among military commanders that Tehran could be planning further attacks.
The recent upsurge in Iranian acts of aggression in the Gulf was one of the dominant themes at the recent Manama Dialogue security conference organised by the London-based International Institute for Strategic Studies. Gulf leaders in particular were keen to stress the need not to give in to Iran’s bullying tactics, with Saudi Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Adel Jubeir warning in a speech to the conference that it was important world powers did not try to appease Tehran. “Appeasement did not work with Hitler. It will not work with the Iranian regime,” he warned.
The robust position being adopted by Gulf leaders to defend their interests has led to Kuwait and Qatar announcing that they are to join the US-led maritime coalition that aims to protect merchant shipping in the Arabian Gulf.
The International Maritime Security Construct (IMSC), as it is known, was set up in Bahrain in the summer in response to a number of Iranian acts of aggression in the Gulf, including the shooting down of a US Navy drone and the hijacking of the British-registered oil tanker Stena Impero.
Efforts to provide enhanced security in the Gulf come at a time when the top US general in the region is warning that the threat from Iran continues to rise, and that there is a strong possibility Tehran will seek to engage in further hostile acts against its Gulf neighbours and their allies.
“I think the strike on Saudi Aramco in September is pretty indicative of a nation that is behaving irresponsibly,” said General Kenneth McKenzie, the commander of US Central Command during an interview at the Manama Dialogue. “My judgment is that it is very possible they will attack again.”
Since May, the Pentagon has dispatched 14,000 additional troops, an aircraft carrier battle group, and tens of thousands of pounds of military equipment to the Middle East to respond to the Iranian threat.
But with the Iranian regime under intense domestic political pressure because of the disastrous state of the country’s economy, its leaders will be tempted to engage in further acts of aggression as a means of diverting attention away from their travails.
Efforts to provide enhanced security in the Gulf come at a time when the top US general in the region is warning that the threat from Iran continues to rise
Certainly one of the more striking features of the detailed report compiled by Reuters news agency into the Aramco attack – one of the most comprehensive accounts of Iran’s involvement published to date – is the claim that the assault was personally commissioned by Ayatollah Ali Khamenei, Iran’s supreme leader, as a means of responding to the US sanctions.
Despite Tehran’s initial insistence that the Iranian economy would not be adversely affected by US President Donald Trump’s decision to withdraw from the nuclear deal last year and impose a fresh round of sanctions, the reality has been very different as the regime has seen a disastrous run on the rial, with inflation currently running at around 40 per cent, causing sharp price rises in basic staples such as meat and vegetables.
Public discontent with the government’s stewardship of the economy has been running high for nearly a year, culminating in the latest nationwide protests over the recent hike in fuel prices. The protests and subsequent crackdown are thought to have led to more than 200 deaths and about 7,000 arrests.
Regime loyalists believe the best way of responding to internal pressure is to engage in action further afield, thought to be a key factor in Iran’s decision to target the Aramco facilities.
Planning for the attack is said to have originated at a meeting that took place in May in a heavily fortified compound in Tehran, which was attended by senior commanders from the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. The main topic on the agenda was how to punish the US for withdrawing from the nuclear deal and imposing fresh sanctions.
The mood of the meeting was summed up by one commander, who declared: “It is time to take out our swords and teach them a lesson.”
Initially IRGC commanders raised the possibility of attacking high-value targets in the region such as American military bases. But this notion was eventually discounted over concerns that such an attack would provoke a devastating response from the US and its allies. Consequently Iranian commanders were keen to find a target that would not lead to a direct confrontation, with the result that the decision was taken to attack the oil facilities of Washington’s close ally, Saudi Arabia.
Iran’s determination to avoid a confrontation with the US can be seen in the suggestion made in the Reuters report that Mr Khamenei counselled that he would only grant his approval on the condition that Iranian forces took measures to avoid hitting any civilians or Americans.
Iranian officials, who have dismissed the findings of the report, continue to deny their country’s involvement, even though both the Saudis and US believe Tehran was responsible, with US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo condemning it as “an act of war”.
But Washington’s failure to respond militarily to either the Aramco attack or other acts of Iranian aggression in the Gulf has led many military commanders to conclude that there is a strong likelihood Iran will undertake further attacks in the coming months.
The big risk for Tehran in maintaining this policy of aggression in the region is that any miscalculation could result in a major escalation of hostilities with the US and its allies.
*Con Coughlin is the Telegraph’s defence and foreign affairs editor

The U.S. Must Blunt Russia’s Adventurism in Libya
Ben Fishman/Bloomberg/The Washington Institute/November 29/2019
The deployment of Kremlin-linked mercenaries will make a costly civil war even more difficult to end.
Until recently, very little had changed in Libya since April, when General Khalifa Haftar, the commander of the self-styled “Libya National Army,” attacked Tripoli. Now, two high-profile stories have highlighted the presence of Russian mercenaries on the front lines of the war and their impact on the fight over Libya’s capital. For the first time, a spokesperson from the U.S. Africa Command confirmed the presence of “Russian private military companies” in the west of Libya (Russia’s presence in the east, away from the fighting, has long been suspect). And in an unusual step, a U.S.-Libya dialogue decried “Russia’s attempts to exploit the conflict against the will of the Libyan people.”
After seven months of equivocating about Libya’s third civil war in nearly nine years, the Trump administration has an opportunity to play a meaningful role in stopping it. To do that, however, the administration would have to engage in uncharacteristically aggressive, and disruptive, regional diplomacy. Neither it nor the Obama administration before it has ever given Libya the U.S. attention it deserves.
The stakes are higher this time, with Russia threatening to tilt the balance of power and extend its presence on NATO’s southern flank. The administration can acquiesce to Russia’s spreading influence, or contest it by assembling like-minded states to give one last push to a political solution in Libya.
Libya’s latest civil war has left well over a thousand dead and tens of thousands internally displaced. It has also paralyzed a political process led by the United Nations that sought to bring the country closer to a durable political settlement. Although the internationally recognized Government of National Accord’s forces repelled Haftar’s April assault, Tripoli has since suffered a mix of indiscriminate shelling and precision bombing, which has caused civilian casualties and extensive destruction to neighborhoods.
In addition to aid from Russia, Haftar has been helped by the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, and (to a lesser extent) France. The Government of National Accord has turned to Turkey to provide its militias with drones, armed vehicles, and other weaponry. A long anticipated UN report is expected to detail such arms transfers, which violate sanctions dating back to 2011. Separately, the UN Mission in Libya estimates that the LNA is responsible for well over 800 drone strikes, while the GNA-supported side is responsible for around 240.
The idea of permitting Russian interference in Libya contradicts the Trump administration’s National Security Strategy, the National Defense Strategy, and the National Security Council’s Africa Strategy, which all focus on great power rivalry and countering Russian (and Chinese) influence. Libya is a test case for these strategies. If Russia tilts the war in Haftar’s favor, it will strip the West of influence in Libya either by ensuring pervasive instability or ending hopes of a peaceful political transition. The U.S. has managed to keep a lid on terrorism emanating from Libya after the 2016 defeat of ISIS in Sirte through targeted strikes against Al Qaeda and ISIS-affiliated groups. If the U.S. Africa Command is no longer able to strike targets in Libya and leaves counter-terrorism action to Russia, ISIS will likely reemerge. See Syria for Russia’s track record.
The Nov. 14 statement issued by the State Department condemned the “LNA’s offensive” and Russian interference. Yet skepticism remains about the administration’s seriousness and willingness to act. Since the statement was released, Haftar’s forces have perpetrated a mass-casualty attack on a civilian target in Tripoli and a suspected military target in Misrata.
To allay doubts of a renewed commitment to Libya, the White House needs to reiterate the Nov. 14 U.S. statement—and clarify its response to Russia’s interference. First, the administration should shed more light on Russia’s actions in Libya, to the extent that it can without compromising intelligence sources. Various Libyan and Western officials have cited the presence of between 200 and 1,400 Russian private military contractors, most belonging to the Wagner group linked to one of Vladimir Putin’s close associates. The U.S. should provide an official estimate of the number, and share what it can about their deployment and impact. Russia benefits from the deniability of Wagner; the U.S. should take away that advantage.
Second, the U.S. should threaten to sanction all groups involved in providing arms to Libya, including arms suppliers, shipping companies and insurers. To date, the arms embargo continues to be violated with impunity. The administration has existing authorities to sanction actors who “threaten the peace, security, or stability of Libya,” and the House and Senate have proposed legislation to support such sanctions, particularly against Russia. So far, these sanctions have been applied by both the Obama and Trump administrations only to internal Libyan actors.
Finally, the U.S. must vigorously back the Berlin Conference intended to unite international support for a ceasefire and reconvene a Libyan political dialogue. To do this, the U.S. must lean heavily on its partners in Abu Dhabi, Cairo, and Ankara to commit at least to a pause in arms shipments—or face potential sanctions.
Exposing and isolating Russia in its attempts to tilt the balance of power in Libya may be the best way to stop its attempts to increase its influence in North Africa. As the Trump administration itself acknowledges, that goal is profoundly in the U.S. strategic interest.
*Ben Fishman is a senior fellow at The Washington Institute and former director for North Africa at the National Security Council. This article was originally published on the Bloomberg website.

Arabic song travels from Detroit to Dhahran
Tala Jarjour/Arab News/November 29/2019
A group of musicians and singers traveled recently from the US to Saudi Arabia, for the first time, to pay tribute to two legendary singers from the Arab world. In two concerts featuring classics from 20th-century Arab music, the young ensemble, currently called the National Arab Orchestra, delighted Saudi audiences. Two female artists, by any measure towering figures of contemporary art in the Arab world, Asmahan and Umm Kulthum, were invoked through eight songs. Featuring two capable singers, Syrian Lubana Al-Quntar and Egyptian May Farouq, the concerts at the main theater of the King Abdul Aziz Center for World Culture (Ithra) in Dhahran were reportedly sold out. These events, and the enthusiasm with which they were received, are reminders of how music works in predictable, as well as unpredictable, ways, including in settings that combine seemingly disparate elements.
The small orchestra is an Arab music ensemble, founded and conducted by Michael Ibrahim, a graduate in music from the universities of Eastern Michigan and Wayne State. Since the then-student ensemble’s first concert in 2009, the number of amateur and professional musicians engaged with it has increased. Current members, who reside in different parts of the US, meet in Michigan for rehearsals prior to each performance, Ibrahim informs me. Their mission? “To preserve and integrate Arab culture by creating memorable musical experiences,” according to the ensemble’s Facebook page.
As a registered nonprofit organization in the state of Michigan, the ensemble emphasizes education in its mission. Its location, in one of the Midwestern states to have been badly hit by the decline in the automobile industry, is home to a sizeable Arab immigrant community, especially from Iraq and Syria, which regularly hosts refugee families. That this location puts the ensemble and its mission in a place of particular need and relevance would not have escaped its founding conductor Ibrahim, a 35-year-old son of Syrian migrants, whose artistic mission appears to be enhanced by a social entrepreneurial spirit. Through a number of configurations, the ensemble’s musical outreach started in the Detroit public school system and has now reached Saudi Arabia.
Arab music is traditionally performed by “takht,” a small ensemble that usually includes qanun, oud, nai, a percussion instrument (typically riqq), and (frequently) one violin. For a number of reasons, the size and variety of instruments increased dramatically in 20th century stage performances (to include electric keyboards, for instance). Still, academically inclined institutions in the Arab world have adhered more closely to takht formations, even with large ensembles. State-sponsored, national institutions, such as the opera houses of Cairo and Damascus, relied on size in establishing the National Arab Music Ensemble and the Syrian National Orchestra for Arabic Music, respectively. It is not clear why the 24-member Michigan ensemble chose a comparable name, other than perhaps to emphasize a focus on what many would consider high art in Arab music.
That emphasis was abundantly clear to the Dhahran audience. Conversations between the ensemble’s and the center’s artistic directors began in March and a program was designed, in collaboration with Al-Quntar and Farouq, to bring to the fore women in Arab music. While Kulthum’s songs were played in shorter renditions than in the diva’s original recordings, the audience experience was, in many ways, as close as it gets to what mid-20th-century nostalgia would reconstruct.
While in some ways the Dhahran concerts were not extraordinary events, they were, in fact, striking and beautiful occurrences.
At the start of the first concert, Ibrahim addressed the audience, alerting them to a change in the order of pieces in the program. This practice is familiar to concertgoers in the world of orchestral performance. However, deviating from current European-style orchestral concert decorum, Ibrahim made a double take. Turning again to face the audience, he invited its members to participate by clapping. Alluding to the participatory nature of listening in Arab music, and to the fact that performers draw necessary feedback from seeing and hearing audience reactions, this orchestral conductor’s invitation elicited loud cheers. Throughout the concert, audience members sang along and clapped, shouted appreciation, and interjected compliments for the singers.
While in some ways the Dhahran concerts were not extraordinary events (an emerging group of Arab and non-Arab musicians giving its first overseas concerts), they were, in fact, striking and beautiful occurrences. From the misfortunes of economic depression and political disadvantage, American music enthusiasts traveled to one of the world’s wealthiest countries to showcase Arab culture. At face value, the gaps between the disparate pieces of this picture could not be wider. Yet, in Dhahran, music defied stereotypical perception. As evidenced by audience energy and reactions, music renders gaps irrelevant, as it consoles and connects.
According to Ithra developer Aramco, the aim of the center is to transport the Kingdom from the era of oil discovery to an era of knowledge discovery. The distinguished building, designed to mimic a constellation of five rocks in the desert, symbolizes linking past, present and future, and facilitates connecting heritage with achieving dreams. If “inspiring minds” is the expressed purpose of Ithra (which means enrichment), then harnessing music, along with the social and cultural powers it carries and revives, is indeed a potent strategy.
*Tala Jarjour is author of “Sense and Sadness: Syriac Chant in Aleppo” (OUP, 2018). She is currently Visiting Research Fellow at King’s College London and Associate Fellow of Pierson College at Yale.

Objections to Aramco listing ring hollow
Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Arab News/November 29/2019
At the start of 2016, Saudi Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman came up with a new idea; he told The Economist magazine that he was considering listing shares in Saudi Aramco — the state-owned company that is the world’s biggest oil producer and almost certainly the world’s most valuable company — as part of a new plan called Saudi Vision 2030.
At the time, few took his words seriously, regarding it as marketing propaganda for the rising new political star. Nearly four years on, Saudi Aramco’s pending initial public offering (IPO) is the biggest in history, far surpassing the previous record set by Chinese company Alibaba.
In the Middle East, the idea initially raised concerns. Selling stakes in a state-owned oil company makes no sense — to many it is as if you were selling one of your own children. The region witnessed a long history of struggle for nationalization — the Saudi government itself did not fully own Aramco until 1981 after US companies were forced to sell their shares. In this part of the world, people believe that it is the state alone that should own the sea, sky and oil. Some have warned that the deal could open a window through which foreign colonialism could infiltrate, citing the nationalization of the Suez Canal and the Saudi government's conflict with international oil companies in the past.
In the West, there were other concerns, including the fact that Saudi Aramco is a state-owned company and could therefore lose out, economically. In addition, at the time, many Western commentators believed that what the Saudi crown prince said was probably media propaganda because they were unable to conceive of a “third-world” government thinking outside the box. Only in the West do oil companies have a private commercial sector.
The Kingdom has come a long way in a short time since announcing Saudi Aramco’s IPO: Saudi Arabia jumped 30 spots globally in the administrative reform of the government, according to a World Bank report; it has introduced many innovations in the role of government, the private sector, and women; it has opened the country up to tourists and foreign investors; and much more.
Abdulrahman Al-Rashed
As the listing arrangements of the shares of the world's largest company moved forward, they faced a flood of uncertainty and criticism. Some critics had concerns about confidentiality, lack of information, bureaucracy, control of financial and pricing decisions, and political interference. In the last two decisive years, the government has ensured Aramco is fully prepared for the future IPO in terms of transparency and effectiveness, steps that have improved the performance and reputation of the company.
It opened Aramco — which was described as the most secretive company in the world — up, tasking international accounting firms with internal audits and other companies with the review of operations and assessment of proven oil reserves. The results confirmed that Aramco is a company that is managed to international standards of administrative efficiency. The cost for the company of producing one barrel of oil is only about $2.8, the cheapest on the market.
What about geopolitical risks? In September, Iran attacked Aramco facilities — an incident even worse than the 1991 Kuwait oil fire ignited by Iraqi forces. However, within a week, Aramco regained its market share, and within six weeks it had repaired the damaged facilities. It proved it was capable of addressing the most serious challenges.
In the beginning, many of the doubts and reservations surrounding Saudi Aramco’s potential listing were logical. But in the few weeks preceding the subscription, a campaign was launched against the IPO, linking it to human rights and environmental issues. But no one raised these issues when Exxon, Mobil, Shell or other oil companies announced they were listing their shares on the stock market, even though some of them produce oil in countries with a history of human rights issues and even though many of those companies have a less-than-ideal track record on environmental issues.
Many Saudis consider the criticism against Aramco’s IPO as politicized. At first, critics said the IPO was delayed, then when it was announced, they said that it had been hastily prepared because of the government's need for financial funding. There is no doubt that one of the objectives of the listing is to finance future government projects, but not to finance its services or budget. The controversy over Aramco's valuation is also normal in the market. The government naturally aspires to secure the best price. Whether the shares are fully subscribed or not, oil will remain a key commodity for the world until an alternative emerges or until it runs out, which is still a relatively remote prospect.
Saudi Arabia does not have to sell a single Aramco share, but the idea itself reflects a different approach to state administration. That is something that any visitor who knows Saudi Arabia will verify — the country is changing in all aspects of life.
The Kingdom has come a long way in a short time since announcing Saudi Aramco’s IPO: Saudi Arabia jumped 30 spots globally in the administrative reform of the government, according to a World Bank report; it has introduced many innovations in the role of government, the private sector, and women; it has opened the country up to tourists and foreign investors; and much more.
*Abdulrahman Al-Rashed is a veteran columnist. He is the former general manager of Al Arabiya news channel, and former editor-in-chief of Asharq Al-Awsat. Twitter: @aalrashed