LCCC ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN
February 24/2018
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani

 

The Bulletin's Link on the lccc Site
http://data.eliasbejjaninews.com/newselias18/english.february24.18.htm 

 

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Bible Quotations
I will make mere youths their officials; children will rule over them. People will oppress each other— man against man, neighbor against neighbor
Isaiah 03/01-26: "See now, the Lord, the Lord Almighty, is about to take from Jerusalem and Judah both supply and support: all supplies of food and all supplies of water, the hero and the warrior, the judge and the prophet, the diviner and the elder, the captain of fifty and the man of rank, the counselor, skilled craftsman and clever enchanter. “I will make mere youths their officials; children will rule over them.”  People will oppress each other— man against man, neighbor against neighbor. The young will rise up against the old, the nobody against the honored.  A man will seize one of his brothers in his father’s house, and say, “You have a cloak, you be our leader; take charge of this heap of ruins!”  But in that day he will cry out, “I have no remedy. I have no food or clothing in my house; do not make me the leader of the people.”  Jerusalem staggers, Judah is falling; their words and deeds are against the Lord, defying his glorious presence. The look on their faces testifies against them; they parade their sin like Sodom; they do not hide it. Woe to them! They have brought disaster upon themselves.  Tell the righteous it will be well with them, for they will enjoy the fruit of their deeds.  Woe to the wicked! Disaster is upon them! They will be paid back for what their hands have done.  Youths oppress my people, women rule over them. My people, your guides lead you astray; they turn you from the path. The Lord takes his place in court; he rises to judge the people. The Lord enters into judgment against the elders and leaders of his people: “It is you who have ruined my vineyard; the plunder from the poor is in your houses.  What do you mean by crushing my people and grinding the faces of the poor?” declares the Lord, the Lord Almighty.  The Lord says, “The women of Zion are haughty, walking along with outstretched necks, flirting with their eyes, strutting along with swaying hips, with ornaments jingling on their ankles.  Therefore the Lord will bring sores on the heads of the women of Zion; the Lord will make their scalps bald.”  In that day the Lord will snatch away their finery: the bangles and headbands and crescent necklaces,  the earrings and bracelets and veils, the headdresses and anklets and sashes, the perfume bottles and charms,  the signet rings and nose rings, 22 the fine robes and the capes and cloaks, the purses  and mirrors, and the linen garments and tiaras and shawls. Instead of fragrance there will be a stench; instead of a sash, a rope; instead of well-dressed hair, baldness; instead of fine clothing, sackcloth; instead of beauty, branding.  Your men will fall by the sword, your warriors in battle.  The gates of Zion will lament and mourn; destitute, she will sit on the ground."

Titles For Latest LCCC Bulletin analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on February 23-24/18
Evil Lebanese politicians/Elias Bejjani/February 23/18
Some Return to the Past, Others look to the Future/Eyad Abu Shakra/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18
Me Too in the Mosque/Giulio Meotti/Gatestone Institute/February 23/18
Putin Has to Find a Way to Raise Incomes/Leonid Bershidsky/Bloomberg/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18
Question: "Is a gospel crusade a biblical method of vangelism?" /GotQuestions.org/February 23/18
Iran’s selective approach to hybrid war/Ali Hajizade/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
Jabri’s ‘rationalism’ as a flawed alternative to ‘secularism’/Fahad Suleiman Shoqiran/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
Pakistan reconsiders relations with Afghanistan to regain American aid/Huda al-Husseini/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
How the civilized caused eastern Ghouta crime/Mashari Althaydi/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18

Titles For Latest LCCC Lebanese Related News published on February 23-24/18
Evil Lebanese politicians
Aoun from Armenia: We Count on Our International Friends in the Border File
Aoun to Iraqi TV: Israel Not Permitted to Infringe on Lebanon Decision to Defend its Border
Israeli Army Simulates War with Lebanon Amid Tensions
UNIFIL Slams Israeli Blames, Affirms Strategic Partnership with Lebanese Army
EU Ambassador Discusses Int'l Conferences, Reforms with Berri
Bassil Receives Letter from Russian Foreign Minister
Zasypkin tells Bassil Russia optimistic about progress of political settlement in Syria
Zasypkin went on to relay his country's optimism concerning this progress; however, he deplored the obstruction and misinformation by those who do not wish to see any progress being made.
Abra detainees' families hold sit in outside Dar Fatwa in Sidon
Khoury meets Beirut International Awards Festivals committee
Ibrahim tackles developments with Ambassador of Spain
Mashnouq, Chinese Ambassador discuss Rome II conference preparations
Report: Saudi Arabia Seeks to 'Warm Ties Again' with Lebanon
Qassem Says U.S. Pressure on Hizbullah Futile
Man Suspected of Killing Filipina in Kuwait Held in Lebanon
Tony Franjieh Says Doesn't Want to be a Minister
Malak inspects military units in south Litani sector
Othman, Alain Aoun discuss overall situation
Riachy, German Ambassador tackle latest developments
Sami Gemayel Condemns Mass Murder in Ghouta
Sayegh Calls on Hezbollah to Withdraw from Syria amid Ghouta Genocide
Shooting reported on Louisiana college campus, 2 injured
Trump to hit North Korea with 'largestever' sanctions
Turkey Summons Dutch Charge D'affaires over Armenian 'Genocide' Vote

Titles For Latest LCCC Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published on February 23-24/18
Russia’s topline Su-57 deployed to Syria to challenge US, Israeli air might
UN Security Council delays vote on Syria truce resolution
Jubeir: We Will Work with US, Europe to Eliminate ISIS from Libya
Saudi Minister Says Top Threat Challenging Kingdom is Iran, not Qatar
More Deaths as Regime Pounds Eastern Ghouta Ahead of UN Vote
Iranian Official: Our Presence in Syria Does Not Target Israel
Iran Says May Withdraw from Nuclear Deal if There Are No Economic Benefits
Ahmadinejad’s Letter to Khamenei Angers Reformists, Conservatives in Iran
US official says embassy expected to open in Jerusalem in May
Nikki Haley: Mideast peace proposal nearly ready
Palestinians Seek UN Security Council Endorsement of Abbas' Initiative
Two-Thirds of the World Is Corrupt, Watchdog Says
 
Latest Lebanese Related News published on February 23-24/18
Evil Lebanese politicians
Elias Bejjani/February 23/18
http://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/62784
Sadly in Lebanon the political arena, (both politicians and the so falsely called parties) is mostly dominated by mere corrupted merchants and thugs who are worst than Judas Iscariot himself. For them every thing is for sale, their dignity, their conscience, their country, their families and definitely and especially their friends. ..although they know nothing about friendship. In summary because of such defiled and evil politicians Lebanon is occupied, impoverished and its people are living all kinds of hardships and miseries.
Honest and patriotic politicians are few but still always suffer because of the bad politicians' evil on going betrayal, Pharisee nature, polluted conscience and sickening mentality

 
Aoun from Armenia: We Count on Our International Friends in the Border File
Beirut- /Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Lebanese President Michel Aoun underlined Lebanon’s attachment to its land and sea borders and its right to defend them by all legitimate means. Commenting on continuous Israeli threats against Lebanon’s right to its oil and gas in the exclusive economic zone, and Israel’s plans to establish a separation wall along disputed zones in the southern borders of Lebanon, Aoun said: “Lebanon fully adheres to its land and sea borders and to its right to defend them by all lawful means.” “We count on our international friendships to help confront these threats and not to aggravate the situation,” he added, during a joint news conference with his Armenian counterpart, Serzh A. Sargsyan. The two presidents discussed the situation in the Middle East and regional developments, emphasizing the need to strengthen cooperation in the fight against terrorism. Aoun briefed Sargsyan on the challenges that emerged in Lebanon with the war in Syria, including threats of terrorist organizations. He underlined in this regard “Lebanon’s success in dealing with these threats, eliminating terrorist cells and maintaining peace and stability in our society.” For his part, the Armenian president said Aoun’s visit “will give new impetus to the friendly relations based on strong historical ties.”He stressed solidarity between the two countries on the basis of mutual trust and the continuous strengthening of cooperation. “We have attached great importance to maintaining high-level political dialogue between our countries as an important step for mutually beneficial cooperation in all fields,” Sargsyan said. He also highly valued “Lebanon’s practical and effective contribution to combating terrorism and extremism and its humanitarian assistance to the Syrian people during these years.”The Lebanese president has been on an official two-day visit to Armenia since Wednesday, where he also met with House Speaker Ara Babloyan and Prime Minister Karen Karapetyan.
 
Aoun to Iraqi TV: Israel Not Permitted to Infringe on Lebanon Decision to Defend its Border
Naharnet/February 23/18/President Michel Aoun stressed in an interview on the Iraqi Alsumaria TV network on Friday that the current border dispute between Lebanon and Israel “does not allow Israel to cross the border because there is a Lebanese decision to defend these land and sea borders.”
The President said he raised with US Secretary of State Rex Tillerson the problem of the conflict with Israel over Lebanon's maritime and land borders, and explained to him that "Lebanon has maps dating back to the 1920s proving its rights to its land. These maps are available in the hands of the entire world and can not be manipulated.”On resolving the dispute, he considered “consulting experts in maritime boundaries under the sponsorship of the United Nations.”In response to a question on the situation in Syria, President Aoun said that “involvement of international parties has complicated things,” and that a “solution lies in the hands of major countries through a Russian-US understanding." On his official visit to Iraq, Aoun said he “carried friendship to the Iraqi people and officials,” pointing out that Lebanon has institutions that can contribute to the reconstruction of Iraq.

 
Israeli Army Simulates War with Lebanon Amid Tensions
Agencies/Friday 23rd February 2018/The Israeli army on Thursday carried out a series of large-scale drills aimed at enhancing the military's preparedness for a potential war with Lebanon. “Conscripted soldiers, along with reservists, took part in the exercise. They practiced a rapid call-up of reservists, as well as operational capabilities and readiness to fight in Lebanese terrain,” the Israel Defense Forces said. In addition, the army’s 188th Armored Brigade conducted its own, separate exercise in northern Israel, along with troops from combat engineering, infantry and artillery. “The brigade exercises were held as part of the enhanced 2018 training program. Their purpose is to prepare combat soldiers and their commanders for any scenario, and to enhance their readiness and capabilities for real-time threats,” the army said. During the tank brigade’s exercise, the troops simulated a variety of scenarios, and were required to practice logistic and operational efficiency over a prolonged period of fighting, the army said. The commander of the 188th Brigade, Col. Gal Shochami, stressed the importance of the exercise as conflict could break out at any time. “We must remember the meaning of the command, ‘War tomorrow,’ which tells us that any training situation may be the last before the real test of our abilities: the battlefield,” Shochami said. “The 188th Brigade will be ready to fight on the battlefield, whenever, and wherever it will be required,” he said.

UNIFIL Slams Israeli Blames, Affirms Strategic Partnership with Lebanese Army
Naharnet/February 23/18/UNIFIL spokesperson Andrea Tenenti slammed Israeli media reports accusing the peacekeeping forces of failing to carry out their duties, saying the reports are “inaccurate,” the National News Agency reported on Friday. “UNIFIL is aware of these media reports which contains clear inaccuracies. UNIFIL is working around the clock and carrying out some 450 operational activities each day. We have close coordination with the Lebanese Armed Forces, almost 40% of our activities are carried out at night,” said Tenenti. He stressed saying “the UNIFIL highly values its strategic partnership with the Lebanese army mainly in the implementation of UN Security Council Resolution 1701. The Lebanese army is an integral part in preserving the calm and stability in the UNIFIL area of operations.”Israeli media have accused the peacekeeping forces in Lebanon (UNIFIL) of becoming an “excuse for Hizbullah and the Lebanese government to violate UN resolution 1701.” Israel fought a month-long war against Hizbullah in 2006, killing more than 1,200 Lebanese, mostly civilians, and more than 160 Israelis, mostly soldiers. Resolution 1701 was adopted to end the war, calling for full respect of the Blue Line.

EU Ambassador Discusses Int'l Conferences, Reforms with Berri

Naharnet/February 23/18/EU Ambassador to Lebanon Christina Lassen met Friday with Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri to discuss the recent developments in the region and the Parliament's priorities ahead of the elections, an EU Delegation statement said. Lassen highlighted the potential of the three upcoming support conferences in Rome, Paris and Brussels to support the stability and further economic development of Lebanon. “To maximize the chance of the conferences to succeed and attract public and private sector investments, Ambassador Lassen called to further accelerate the Government's reform program, stressing that it is imperative that economic reforms as well concrete steps to implement Lebanon's dissociation policy are undertaken immediately,” the statement said. "The success of all three support conferences depends on Lebanon embarking on a track of sustainable growth and stability and a clear understanding of mutual commitments and accountability," Lassen told Berri. She called for a “clear plan” from the Government to tackle reforms, including “measures to stabilize the fiscal situation, balance the debt, and strengthen the public investment management framework including through legislation on anti-corruption.” She also hoped that the state budget will be passed before the CEDRE conference. Ambassador Lassen also expressed support for the efforts to de-escalate current tensions concerning Lebanon's southern borders and encouraged “continued diplomatic engagement” from all sides to solve the disputes.

Bassil Receives Letter from Russian Foreign Minister
Naharnet/February 23/18/Foreign Minister Jebran Bassil on Friday received a letter from his Russian counterpart Sergei Lavrov. The letter was delivered by Russian Ambassador to Lebanon Alexander Zasypkin. “In light of the message I have conveyed, we discussed the situations and developments in the region, especially the efforts exerted by Russia to about the situations in Syria, the liberation of Syrian territory from terrorists, achieving progress towards a political settlement, and the outcome of the Sochi conference,” Zasypkin said after the meeting. In response to a question, the ambassador denied that Lavrov's letter is about the dispute between Lebanon and Israel over offshore gas.

Zasypkin tells Bassil Russia optimistic about progress of political settlement in Syria
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Russian Ambassador to Lebanon, Alexander Zaspkin, visited on Friday Foreign Affairs and Expatriates Minister, Gebran Bassil, and relayed to him a message from his Russian counterpart, Sergey Lavrov. In the wake of the meeting, the Russian diplomat said, "In light of the message I conveyed to Minister Bassil, we discussed the situation in the region, especially Russia's efforts vis-a-vis the situation in Syria and the liberation of Syrian territories from terrorists. We also discussed the progress made with regard to a political settlement on the basis of the Security Council's resolution and the outcome of Sochi conference."

Zasypkin went on to relay his country's optimism concerning this progress; however, he deplored the obstruction and misinformation by those who do not wish to see any progress being made.
"Misleading the public opinion and fabricated news about what is happening in eastern Ghouta is an outright evidence," he said. In response to a question, the Russian ambassador denied that the Russian Foreign Minister's message to Bassil had mentioned anything about the border dispute between Lebanon and Israel over Block 9 of the disputed area for oil and gas extraction. "There is no specific Russian role in this matter, and Lebanon's position regarding this issue has become internationally known," Zasypkin said. Separately, Bassil welcomed Acting UN Special Coordinator for Lebanon, Pernille Kardel.
"We discussed the main issues facing Lebanon and its stability, as well as the continued cooperation and partnership between us," Kardel said on emerging. Bassil later had an audience with the Danish ambassadors to the Middle East, who held their regional conference in Beirut. The Minister and the Danish diplomats discussed the situation in the Middle East region. Bassil also discussed bilateral relations with Canadian Ambassador to Lebanon, Emmanuelle Lamoureux. The governor of Tucuman, Juan Manzur, later visited Bassil. "The Minister has told us that the energy conference will be held in November in the Argentinean capital of Buenos Aires," Manzur said.

Abra detainees' families hold sit in outside Dar Fatwa in Sidon
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - The families of Abra detainees staged a sit-in outside Dar al-Ftawa in the city of Sidon, in the wake of the Friday's prayers.

Khoury meets Beirut International Awards Festivals committee
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Culture Minister Dr. Ghattas Khoury on Friday welcomed at his ministerial office Chairman of the Beirut International Awards Festivals "BIAF" Michel Daher, in the presence of committee members Claudia Abi Nader and Charbel Abboud. The delegation briefed Minister Khoury on the preparations underway for the Festival's awards' events upcoming June 2018. Khoury thanked the delegation for their distinguished cultural activities in all spheres.

Ibrahim tackles developments with Ambassador of Spain
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - The General Director of the Lebanese General Security, Major General Abbas Ibrahim, welcomed at his office on Friday Spanish Ambassador to Lebanon, Jose Maria Ferre de la Pena. The pair discussed the general political developments in Lebanon and the region, as well as the best means to boost coordination and cooperation between the Embassy and the General Security.

Mashnouq, Chinese Ambassador discuss Rome II conference preparations
Fri 23 Feb 2018 /NNA - Interior and Municipalities Minister, Nuhad Mashnouq, on Friday welcomed at his ministerial office Chinese Ambassador to Lebanon, Wang Kijian, with talks between the pair reportedly touching on preparations underway for the "Rome II" conference and means of enhancing cooperation in support of the Lebanese army and the internal security forces. The Rome II Conference will be held in Italy upcoming month. Minister Machnouq also met with "Change and Reform" bloc MP Alain Aoun, who relayed on emerging the Ministry's complete readiness for the forthcoming parliamentary election. Talks also touched on electoral alliances. MP Aoun underlined the unity of the Lebanese position in the face of Israeli threats.

Report: Saudi Arabia Seeks to 'Warm Ties Again' with Lebanon
Naharnet/February 23/18/Saudi Arabia is expected to dispatch an envoy to Lebanon to discuss with officials the future of the Saudi-Lebanese relations, thus resuming its “role and interest” in the Mediterranean country after a brief tension in ties following PM Saad Hariri's resignation from Riyadh, reports said on Friday. Political circles are awaiting for a “Saudi move” towards Lebanon expected to “begin after or in parallel” with the return of Saudi Ambassador to Lebanon Walid al-Yaacoub from Riyadh, al-Joumhouria daily reported. The daily added that Adviser at the Royal Court in Riyadh, Nizar al-Alula, tasked by SA to handle the Lebanese file, is expected to travel to Beirut to discuss with Lebanese officials the future of the relationship in light of a new authority which will emerge after Lebanon's parliamentary elections scheduled for May 6. Well informed sources said Saudi Arabia has decided to “resume interest in the Lebanese situation,” saying this “shift after a relative retreat attributes to the latest developments both on the Syrian level and on the Lebanese border – regarding a dispute over oil rights with Israel--and the upcomng elections.” Some Lebanese figures who have been communicating with the Saudi leadership recently have “sensed the new inclination,” to warm ties again with Lebanon, they said. Ties were strained between the two countries after Hariri's resignation from Riyadh, a step widely blamed on the Kingdom.

Qassem Says U.S. Pressure on Hizbullah Futile
Naharnet/February 23/18/Hizbullah deputy chief Sheikh Naim Qassem stressed Friday that U.S. sanctions on his party are futile. “America has failed in its wars on Hizbullah and it will not take through pressure what it has failed to take through aggression,” Qassem said during a ceremony to launch Hizbullah's electoral campaign in the Baalbek-Hermel and Zahle districts. “We are the ones who are attached to the state the same as we are attached to the resistance and we have been part of state institutions since 1992,” Qassem added. “All foreign ambassadors meet with us and tell us that we are part of the country's choices and that they cannot overlook us,” Hizbullah number two went on to say. Media reports published Friday said two U.S. Republican lawmakers have proposed a new sanctions bill against Hizbullah. Hizbullah is branded a "terrorist" organization by the United States and is already targeted with a host of economic sanctions. U.S. efforts to pressure Hizbullah have increased under President Donald Trump's leadership.

Man Suspected of Killing Filipina in Kuwait Held in Lebanon
Associated Press/Naharnet/February 23/18/One of two suspects in the gruesome death of a Filipina maid whose body was found stuffed in a freezer in an apartment in Kuwait has been arrested in Lebanon, the Philippine foreign secretary said Friday. Alan Peter Cayetano said he has told Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte about the arrest of Lebanese Nader Essam Assaf but added that Assaf's Syrian wife, who is also a suspect in the death of Joanna Demafelis, remains at large. The discovery of Demafelis' body on Feb. 6 in a freezer in Kuwait City, where it had reportedly been kept for more than a year, sparked outrage in the Philippines and refocused attention on the tragic plight of poor Filipinos toiling mostly as maids abroad. It prompted Duterte to ban the deployment of new Filipino workers to Kuwait, where many abuses have been reported. Assaf and his wife employed Demafelis. Duterte and other officials have asked Kuwaiti authorities to hunt for the couple. "Assaf's arrest is a critical first step in our quest for justice for Joanna and we are thankful to our friends in Kuwait and Lebanon for their assistance," Cayetano said in a statement, adding that he expects Kuwait will seek Assaf's extradition.
After attending Demafelis' wake on Thursday in her hometown of Sara in the central Philippines, Duterte told reporters the ban on the deployment of Filipino workers to Kuwait would continue and could be expanded to other countries. Duterte said Demafelis' body bore torture marks and signs that she was strangled. He said the government is conducting an assessment to "find out the places where we deploy Filipinos and our countrymen suffer brutal treatment and human degradation."The Philippines is a major labor exporter with about a tenth of its more than 100 million people working abroad. The workers have been called the country's heroes because the income they send home has propped up the Southeast Asian nation's economy for decades, accounting for about 10 percent of its annual gross domestic product. Philippine officials are under increasing pressure to do more to monitor the safety of the country's worldwide diaspora of mostly maids, construction workers and laborers. Labor Secretary Silvestre Bello III told a Senate hearing Wednesday that he has recalled three Filipino labor officers from Kuwait to face an investigation. They failed to act on a request by Demafelis' family for help after she went missing in January last year, he said. Administrator Hans Leo Cacdac of the Overseas Workers Welfare Administration reported that at least 196 Filipinos had died in Kuwait in the last two years, mostly for unspecified medical reasons but also four who committed suicide.
The sheer number of Filipino workers abroad makes monitoring their wellbeing an overwhelming task. That is often complicated by workers not having proper travel and work documents, such as in Kuwait, where nearly 11,000 of the more than 252,000 Filipino workers are in the country illegally or are not properly authorized.

Tony Franjieh Says Doesn't Want to be a Minister
Naharnet/February 23/18/Tony Franjieh, the son of Marada Movement chief MP Suleiman Franjieh who will replace him in the upcoming parliamentary race, announced Thursday that he not seeking to become a minister in the next government. “I'm not obliged with my father's political alliances but I'm convinced of them at the beginning of my political journey. I believe that these friendships serve the country's interest,” Franjieh said in his first ever TV interview, aired by LBCI television. Noting that civil war was “painful for Christians and all Lebanese,” Franjieh lamented that the “most painful” chapter was the inter-Christian conflict. Turning to the present, Franjieh admitted that Marada's experience with Free Patriotic Movement chief Jebran Bassil “has not been successful.” “As for communication with the Lebanese Forces, it is taking place through joint political committees,” he added. “Prime Minister Saad Hariri is making political sacrifices for the sake of the country,” Franjieh went on to say. He also emphasized that he is not hoping to become a minister. “I'm a parliamentary candidate and I don't want a ministry,” he said. Franjieh added: “My family will not take decisions against the country's interest and should I do that, I would be contradicting with my entire history.”

Malak inspects military units in south Litani sector
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Army Chief-of-Staff, Major General Hatem Malak, on Friday inspected the military units deployed in South Litani sector, and visited in Sector's Command in the southern town of Tyre. Major General Hatam then inspected the 5th Infantry Brigade's units in the areas of Chamaa and Labouneh, as well as Ras Naqoura off spot M2, where the Israeli enemy is constructing the separation wall. During his meeting with army officers and military men, the chief of staff hailed their efforts and sacrifices in carrying out the army's main task in defense of the southern border against the Israeli enemy and maintaining its stability in cooperation with UNIFIL forces, in implementation of Resolution #1701. Major General Hatam reiterated the Lebanese official and national position that rejects the Israeli enemy's construction of the separation wall on any Lebanese spot, or any part of the Lebanese territories. He added that the strength of the unified Lebanese position is based on national and international maps, which affirm Lebanon's right to its land and maritime borders. "The army shall not waive such a right under any circumstances," the chief of staff concluded.

Othman, Alain Aoun discuss overall situation
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Internal Security Forces chief Emad Othman on Friday met at his Barracks office met with "Change and Reform" bloc MP Alain Aoun, with talks reportedly touching on the general situation in the country.

Riachy, German Ambassador tackle latest developments
Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Information Minister Melhem Riachi on Friday welcomed at his ministerial office German Ambassador to Lebanon, Martin Huth, with talks between the pair reportedly touching on most recent developments in Lebanon and the broad region. The one-hour meeting took up future cooperation prospects between Lebanon and Germany. Ambassador Huth congratulated Minister Riachy on the new Ministry's structure, which shall contribute to rendering the Ministry a platform for media, communication and dialogue.

Sami Gemayel Condemns Mass Murder in Ghouta
Kataeb.org/Friday 23rd February 2018/Kataeb chief Samy Gemayel on Friday condemned the ongoing massacre in Syria’s eastern Ghouta where hundreds of civilians were killed in one of the bloodiest bombing campaigns. “A protected mass murderer in action,” Gemayel wrote on Twitter, as he also posted several images of the horrifying massacre.

Sayegh Calls on Hezbollah to Withdraw from Syria amid Ghouta Genocide
Kataeb.org/Friday 23rd February 2018/ Sayegh Calls on Hezbollah to Withdraw /The Kataeb Party's Second Deputy-President Salim Sayegh on Friday demanded the immediate withdrawal of Hezbollah from Syria amid the genocide that is taking place in Ghouta, condemning the international community's inaction and idleness.“There is no longer any justification for Hezbollah’s presence in Syria after the war against terrorists had been declared, although its involvement was never acceptable," Sayegh told Voice of Lebanon radio station.

Shooting reported on Louisiana college campus, 2 injured

Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - Two people were injured after gunshots were fired early Friday on a college campus in Louisiana, school officials said. Southeastern Louisiana University spokeswoman Erin Cowser said the incident happened at 3 a.m. Friday near an assembly hall where basketball games and other sports events are held. Cowser said the shooting apparently stemmed from a fight or altercation involving students and people who aren't enrolled in the school. She said the incident hasn't forced any closures or cancellations on Friday, a day when the school doesn't have a full schedule of classes. "The incident is over and done," she said. It was unclear whether the two people injured were students. They were taken to a local hospital with injuries that were not considered life-threatening. Cowser says no suspects are in custody. Police are investigating. The school is located in Hammond, about 56 miles northwest of New Orleans.--AP

Trump to hit North Korea with 'largestever' sanctions

Fri 23 Feb 2018/NNA - US President Donald Trump will on Friday announce sanctions against 56 North Korea-linked shipping and trade entities, hailing the "largest-ever" package of sanctions on the Pyongyang regime. Trump will use a speech to conservatives just outside Washington to step up his campaign of "maximum pressure," according to excerpts. "Today I am announcing that we are launching the LARGEST-EVER set of new sanctions on the North Korean regime," Trump was to say according to the White House. The measures include sanctions against "56 vessels, shipping companies, and trade businesses" that Trump will accuse of "assisting North Korea in evading sanctions."
The North Korean military and broader economy depend heavily on imports of coal and oil from China and Russia.--AFP

Turkey Summons Dutch Charge D'affaires over Armenian 'Genocide' Vote

Agence France Presse/Naharnet/February 23/18/Turkey summoned the Dutch charge d'affaires Friday, a day after lawmakers in the Netherlands voted to recognise the early 1900s massacre of Armenians under the Ottoman Empire as "genocide", an official said. The Dutch diplomat was called to the foreign ministry in Ankara and Turkey "condemned" the parliament's decision, a foreign ministry official told AFP, asking to remain anonymous. Ankara has long rejected the term "genocide" for describing the mass killings.


Latest LCCC Bulletin For Miscellaneous Reports And News published on February 23-24/18
Russia’s topline Su-57 deployed to Syria to challenge US, Israeli air might
DEBKA Weekly/Feb 23, 2018/Two fifth-generation Sukhoi-57 stealth fighters landed Monday, Feb. 19 at Russia’s Syrian air base, along with 4 Su-35 fighters, 4 Su-25 strike aircraft and an A-50U radar command-and-control platform.
This top-performance fleet raises Russia’s air strike and defense capabilities in Syria to the highest standards of any air force in the world, with enough power to take on superior US and Israeli air might in the Syrian arena. The Su-57’s weapon bays are designed to carry Russia’s new nuclear tactical X-50 air-launched cruise missile, although it is not known whether the aircraft in Syria are carrying them. DEBKA Weekly’s military sources see President Vladimir Putin’s decision to send the Su-57 fighters to Syria as substantially raising the big power stakes in Syria after the loss of dozens of Russian troops on Feb. 7 to massive US artillery and air strikes that decimated the Russian, Syrian and pro-Iranian forces crossing the Euphrates River. An American radar-invisible F-22 took part in that raid. The Russians have dubbed the Su-57 the “F-22 killer.” It is also Russia’s response to Israel’s air offensive on Feb. 10, which targeted the shared Russian-Iranian T-4 air base near Palmyra and smashed four Iranian Revolutionary Guards forward command centers in Syria, after downing an Iranian drone. It is also seen in Moscow as a challenge for Israel’s newly acquired fifth-generation US F-35 combat aircraft. Does Putin intend to order his mighty airborne strike force to go into battle against the US or Israel in the boiling Syrian arena? If he does, he will be launching the first contest between the most sophisticated warplanes ever devised for a test of superior might between the US and Russia and a war escalation unprecedented, even in Syria. The very presence of the Su-57 across the border has had the instant effect of reducing the Israel air force’s freedom of action over Syria and Lebanon. The landing of the Russian Sukhoi-57 in Syria and its dire implications were first revealed in the latest DEBKA Weekly 790.

UN Security Council delays vote on Syria truce resolution
Reuters, UNFriday, 23 February 2018/The United Nations Security Council delayed a vote on Friday on a resolution demanding a 30-day truce in Syria to allow aid deliveries and medical evacuations, said Kuwait’s UN mission, council president for February. The vote has been postponed for at least an hour to 12 p.m. EST (1700 GMT) amid a flurry of last-minute negotiations on the text drafted by Sweden and Kuwait. Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov said earlier on Friday Moscow wanted guarantees that rebel fighters will not shoot at Damascus residential areas. A resolution needs nine votes in favor and no vetoes by Russia, China, the United States, Britain or France. Russia has cast 11 vetoes on possible Security Council action on Syria since its civil war began in 2011.


Jubeir: We Will Work with US, Europe to Eliminate ISIS from Libya

Brussels - Abdullah Mustafa/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Saudi Foreign Minister Adel al-Jubeir has said his country was working with the United States and Europe to prevent the expansion of ISIS from Libya towards Sahel countries, within the framework of fighting terrorism in the region.
Jubeir made his remarks on Thursday in Brussels, following a meeting with EU Foreign Policy Chief Federica Mogherini to discuss regional developments and preparations for an international conference on Friday to support the G5 Sahel Force. The Saudi foreign minister held separate talks with the European People's Party member Rachida Dati and Michele Alliot-Marie, chairperson of the Committee on Relations with the Arab Peninsula in the European Parliament. Addressing the European Parliament’s foreign affairs committee, Jubeir called on the international community to put more pressure on the Syrian regime to engage seriously in the peace negotiations. He also touched on the relations with Iran, expressing Saudi Arabia’s conviction that the nuclear agreement between the international community and Tehran “is not enough to modify [Tehran’s] behavior.” He stressed in this regard the need to prevent Iran from intervening in other countries’ internal affairs. Jubeir accused Iran of supporting terrorism and deploying its control in countries such as Iraq and Syria, as well as providing Houthi rebels in Yemen with ballistic missiles, which were used to target Saudi Arabia. On the relations with Qatar, the foreign minister said: “Our policy towards Qatar is very simple. We say no to terrorism, no to terror financing, no to spreading hate and extremism and no to interfering in the affairs of other countries.” The European Union will announce 50 million euros ($61 million) for the G5 Sahel force at talks with heads of state from Burkina Faso, Chad, Mali, Mauritania and Niger, adding to around 280 million euros already pledged by international donors, AFP reported. The conference aims to secure more international funding for the force. Donations so far have been led by Saudi Arabia, which has given 100 million euros. In addition to 26 EU leaders and the United Nations, around a dozen other countries will be represented by foreign ministers including Saudi Arabia, Norway, Morocco and Tunisia.

Saudi Minister Says Top Threat Challenging Kingdom is Iran, not Qatar
Cairo - Sawsan Abu Hussein/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18 /Saudi Foreign Affairs State Minister Dr. Nizar Madani openly slammed Iran as the prime threat and challenge facing his country's foreign policy, downplaying the diplomatic crisis with Qatar. "We are not busy with the conflict with Qatar," he said at a cultural event in Cairo. "Everything has become clear and it has to implement the demands” of the four boycotting countries, he said on Thursday.Saudi Ambassador to Egypt, Permanent Representative of Saudi Arabia to the Arab League and Dean of Arab Diplomatic Corps Ahmed bin Abdulaziz Al-Qattan hosted the event. Madani delivered a lecture about Saudi foreign policy and the event was attended by ministers, public figures, intellectuals, ambassadors, politicians and senior journalists. He addressed different definitions and theories of the general concept of foreign policy and factors that affect the choices of countries when dealing with a specific political issue. He tackled Saudi foreign policy, pointing out that it stems from a firm belief in regional and international peace and stability. Madani said that Saudi Arabia follows basic principles for any decision or external political move. These principles stem primarily from its standing in the Arab and Islamic world. He detailed the Kingdom’s championing of Arab solidarity in all fields, including politics, culture and intellectual progression. The Kingdom's foreign policy is based on respecting conventions and international agreements with other states, finding a peaceful resolution to end disputes and following a non-interference approach when it comes to internal affairs of other countries.

More Deaths as Regime Pounds Eastern Ghouta Ahead of UN Vote
Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/A new wave of bombs struck Syria's eastern Ghouta on Friday, which a witness described as the worst yet, ahead of a UN Security Council vote to demand a 30-day ceasefire across the country to allow for deliveries of humanitarian aid and medical evacuations. For a sixth straight day, warplanes have pounded the densely populated agricultural pocket east of the capital, the last rebel bastion near Damascus. Rami Abdel Rahman, the head of the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights, told AFP that at least nine people were killed on Friday.
The latest deaths brought to 426 the number of people killed since the Syrian regime and its Russian ally intensified their bombardment of the besieged area on February 18. Medical charities say jets have hit more than a dozen hospitals, making it near impossible to treat the wounded. The Britain-based Observatory said regime warplanes and artillery hit Douma, Zamalka, and other towns across the enclave in the early hours on Friday. A witness in Douma, who asked not to be identified, told Reuters by phone that the early morning bombing was the most intense so far.
The bombing of eastern Ghouta since Sunday night has been among the fiercest of the war, now entering its eighth year. The Civil Defense in eastern Ghouta said its rescuers rushed to help the wounded after strikes on the town of Hammouriyeh on Friday morning. The emergency service, which operates in rebel territory, says it has pulled hundreds of people from under the rubble in recent days. The UN Security Council was considering a resolution, which Kuwait and Sweden drafted, demanding "a cessation of hostilities throughout Syria for all military operations" for 30 days to allow aid deliveries and medical evacuations. A slightly amended text was circulated to council members, but it was unclear whether Russia would support the measure.  The vote is set to take place on Friday. The resolution does not cover the groups ISIS and al-Nusra Front. Speaking hours before the vote, UN Special Envoy Staffan de Mistura renewed his urgent call for a ceasefire to stop both the "horrific" bombing of eastern Ghouta and indiscriminate mortar shelling on Damascus. The ceasefire needs to be followed by immediate, unhindered humanitarian access to eastern Ghouta and evacuation of sick and injured, de Mistura said in a statement. The three guarantors of the Astana process - Russia, Iran and Turkey - must meet urgently to re-install the de-escalation zones in Syria, he said.

Iranian Official: Our Presence in Syria Does Not Target Israel
London -Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araghchi stressed on Thursday that his country’s presence in Syria is not aimed at creating a new front against Israel. He told the BBC that the presence was aimed at combating terrorism.
"Just imagine if we were not there. Now you would have ISIS in Damascus, and maybe in Beirut and other places," he added. Moreover, Araghchi condemned the suffering of the Syrians in the Damascus enclave of Eastern Ghouta that has come under intense regime air strikes that has left hundreds of people dead, He said Iran was in Syria to fight "terrorist elements" at the invitation of the Syrian regime, and its alliance with Syria and the Lebanese “Hezbollah” group aimed to "combat the hegemonic policies" of Israel, reported the BBC. He refused to confirm that Iran had sent a drone to fly over Israel earlier this month. The Iranian official instead claimed that the drone belonged to the Syrian regime forces, adding that Israel deploys drones to neighboring countries. "They shouldn't be angry when they are faced with something that they are doing against others on a daily basis," Araghchi said.

Iran Says May Withdraw from Nuclear Deal if There Are No Economic Benefits
London - Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Iran will withdraw from the 2015 nuclear deal if there is no economic benefit and major banks continue to shun Iran, Iranian Deputy Foreign Minister Abbas Araqchi said on Thursday. "The deal would not survive this way even if the ultimatum is passed and waivers are extended," Araqchi, Iran's lead nuclear negotiator, said in a speech at the Chatham House think tank in London. "If the same policy of confusion and uncertainties about the JCPOA (Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action) continues, if companies and banks are not working with Iran, we cannot remain in a deal that has no benefit for us," Araqchi said, according Reuters. "That’s a fact."Under the deal with Britain, China, France, Germany, Russia and the United States, Iran agreed to restrict its nuclear program in return for the removal of sanctions that have crippled its economy. "If we lose the JCPOA, we will face another nuclear crisis," Araqchi said. "For the Europeans or the world community, when we talk about maintaining the JCPOA and saving it, it’s not a choice between the Iranian or the US market, it’s not a choice for economic cooperation: it’s a choice between having security or insecurity," he said. US President Donald Trump told the Europeans on Jan. 12 they must agree to "fix the terrible flaws of the Iran nuclear deal" or he would re-impose the sanctions Washington lifted as part of that pact. Trump sees three defects in the deal: its failure to address Iran's ballistic missile program; the terms under which international inspectors can visit suspect Iranian nuclear sites; and "sunset" clauses under which limits on the Iranian nuclear program start to expire after 10 years. He wants all three strengthened if the United States is to stay in the JCPOA. Meanwhile, a quarterly report by the UN atomic watchdog said Thursday that Iran has stayed within the main restrictions on its nuclear activities imposed by the 2015 deal. Iran did not exceed limits on its stocks of low-enriched uranium and heavy water, the IAEA said.

Ahmadinejad’s Letter to Khamenei Angers Reformists, Conservatives in Iran
London - Adel Al-Salmi/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/A letter addressed by former Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad to Iran’s Supreme leader Ali Khamenei calling for immediate free elections, drove on Thursday anger among both reformist and conservative circles, and revived disputes over falsification in the 2009 presidential elections. Ahmadinejad’s open letter to Khamenei was published on the former president’s website Dolat-e Bahar on Feb. 21. “An immediate and free presidential and parliamentary election, without the engineering of the Guardian Council and the interference of military and security institutions, is an urgent need,” Ahmadinejad wrote. Guardian Council spokesman Abbas Kadkhodaei responded to the letter, accusing Ahmadinejad of attempting to “engineer” the 2009 elections by pressuring the council to announce final results before the watchdog body had fully reviewed complaints from losing candidates. Kadkhodaei added that "the country has no need for elections right now because all elections are conducted in a legal and sustainable manner". In Iran, parliamentary elections are due in 2020, and presidential elections in 2021. Several deputies strongly lashed out on Thursday at Ahmadinejad and called on the ministries of Intelligence and Justice to question him. Mohsen Kouhkan Rizi, an Iranian economist and conservative politician who represents Lenjan district in the Parliament, said on Thursday that “reaching high-ranking positions in the regime does not mean possessing an infinite immunity.” Kouhkan added that some former presidents faced prosecutions, were isolated or put to death, in reference to Abolhassan Bani-Sadr, the Islamic republic's first president. For his part, former Deputy Culture Minister Mohammad Ali Ramin who was close to Ahmadinejad, published an article on his private “telegram” account saying that the former president “wishes to reap the fruits of the Revolution.”In his letter, Ahmadinejad had called for ”fundamental reforms” in the executive, parliament and judiciary branches of government, as well as the office of the Supreme Leader.

US official says embassy expected to open in Jerusalem in May
Reuters, Washington/Friday, 23 February 2018/The United States is expected to open its embassy to Israel in Jerusalem in May, a US official told Reuters on Friday, a move from Tel Aviv that reverses decades of US policy. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is in contact with the US Administration and will respond if and when an American announcement is made on the planned US Embassy move to Jerusalem, an Israeli government source said on Friday. US President Donald Trump announced last year that the United States recognized Jerusalem as Israel’s capital, infuriating even Washington’s Arab allies and dismaying Palestinians who want the eastern part of the city as their capital. A May opening appears to represent an earlier time frame than what had been expected. While speaking in the Israeli parliament last month, US Vice President Mike Pence said the move would take place by the end of 2019. The opening will coincide with the 70th anniversary of Israel’s founding, said the US official, speaking on condition of anonymity.

Nikki Haley: Mideast peace proposal nearly ready
AFP, Chicago/Friday, 23 February 2018/The United States ambassador to the United Nations said Thursday that a proposal for a long awaited peace plan between Israelis and Palestinians is near completion.“I think they’re finishing it up,” Nikki Haley said, when asked about formulations of a Middle East peace proposal during an appearance at the University of Chicago Institute of Politics. The news came a day after President Donald Trump’s two top envoys on the Middle East, son-in-law Jared Kushner and adviser Jason Greenblatt, met with UN Security Council ambassadors and asked for their support of the upcoming peace plan. “They’re still going back and forth,” Haley said, without offering specifics of when a proposal might be unveiled. “The plan won’t be loved by either side. And it won’t be hated by either side. But it’s a template to start talking,” she said.
Jerusalem as Israel’s capital
The revelations came after questioning by the academic institute’s chief David Axelrod – a former senior advisor to Trump’s predecessor Barack Obama – about the US’s controversial decision to declare Jerusalem as Israel’s capital. “Congress had overwhelmingly voted to name Jerusalem the capital of Israel and to put our embassy in the capital,” Haley said. She said multiple presidents had struggled with a “fear doctrine that the sky was going to fall” if such a declaration was made. “The sky is still up there,” she said. “And now what we have is a time where the negotiations can start between Israelis and Palestinians.”Palestinian leader Mahmud Abbas on Wednesday called for an international conference to be held by mid-2018 to launch a wider peace process in which the United States would not have the central mediating role. In Ramallah, Palestinians threw eggs at a delegation including New York City Council members visiting the occupied West Bank Thursday, AFP reporters said, amid anger over US President Donald Trump’s recognition of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital. As they left they were pelted with eggs by several dozen protesters, who also chased their bus. Protesters held signs reading “The US is part of the problem, not the solution.”

Palestinians Seek UN Security Council Endorsement of Abbas' Initiative
Ramallah - Kifah Ziboun/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Nabil Shaath, adviser to President Mahmoud Abbas, said that the Palestinian leadership was working towards the adoption of the Palestinian plan by the UN Security Council, to replace the US “deal of the century.”
In an interview with the Palestinian official radio station, Shaath described the US plan as a “failure”, noting that Abbas’ proposal had been highly appreciated by the international community. The Palestinian official’s remarks came few days after Abbas presented to the Security Council a plan calling for convening an international peace conference in mid-2018, with wide international participation involving the concerned parties and regional and international players, in particular the permanent members of the Security Council and the Quartet. According to Abbas’ proposal, the conference should result in recognizing the State of Palestine as a full member of the United Nations, in addition to mutual recognition of the State of Palestine and Israel based on the 1967 borders, and the establishment of a multilateral international mechanism to assist both sides in the negotiations to resolve all outstanding issues, including settlements, refugees, water and prisoners. Sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the Palestinian leadership was working to achieve the adoption of Abbas’ plan by the major powers in the Security Council and to push Russia or France to call for an international peace conference this year in order to produce an international mechanism that would involve the United States, as well as European and Arab countries. Meanwhile, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) welcomed Abbas’ call to the UN Security Council, stressing the need to achieve a just and comprehensive peace in the region, especially through a two-state solution based on the relevant resolutions of international legitimacy and the Arab peace initiative. In a statement on Thursday, the OIC Secretariat called on all relevant international parties to implement the Abbas’ proposal, in particular the holding of an international peace conference with the participation of all international actors.

Two-Thirds of the World Is Corrupt, Watchdog Says
London- /Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18/Two-thirds of the countries around the world are considered corrupt, the Transparency International (TI) determined in their annual report, ‘Corruption Perceptions Index.’ This year, New Zealand and Denmark rank highest with scores of 89 and 88 respectively. Syria, South Sudan and Somalia rank lowest with scores of 14, 12 and 9 respectively. The best performing region is Western Europe with an average score of 66. The worst performing regions are Sub-Saharan Africa (average score 32) and Eastern Europe and Central Asia (average score 34). The index, which ranks 180 countries and territories by their perceived levels of public sector corruption according to experts and businesspeople, uses a scale of 0 to 100, where 0 is highly corrupt and 100 is very clean.The international watchdog described this poor performance as “nothing new”, given that the majority of countries and territories ranked on the index were moving too slowly in their efforts to combat pervasive public-sector corruption, with some countries showing little-to-no progress since 2012, when TI adopted a methodology that allowed better comparisons. More than two-thirds of countries scored below 50 on the index, and the average score was 43, said TI, which has more than 100 chapters worldwide. While scores fell sharply in Syria, Yemen and Australia, some countries have significantly boosted their scores over the past six years, including Ivory Coast, Senegal and Britain.
This year, TI added a third layer to their global analysis, adding the rates of violence perpetrated against members of the press. According to their research, those countries with the "worst rates of corruption" also had the lowest protection of the press and non-governmental organizations (NGOs). Additionally, the majority of those journalists killed since 2012 were killed in corrupt countries. TI said an analysis including data from the Committee to Protect Journalists showed an alarming correlation between high levels of corruption and violence against journalists. It said more than 9 out of 10 journalists that were killed over the past six years were in countries that scored 45 or less on the index. One in five journalists died covering a story about corruption. TI Managing Director Patricia Moreira said, "Given current crackdowns on both civil society and the media worldwide, we need to do more to protect those who speak up."Brazil, Mexico, and Guatemala fell below average in this year’s report with ratings of 27, 29, and 28. Interestingly, all three nations have struggled with attacks against journalists in last ten years. Researchers used Brazil as a prime example, stating that in the last six years, there have been 20 journalists killed in connection with their work. However in the last year alone, there 11 Guatemalan journalists were murdered, a total of 36 media personnel killed since the year 2000. While in Mexico, 13 journalists died in connection to their work and the nation has been called the “most dangerous place in the world for journalists.”
"Smear campaigns, harassment, lawsuits and bureaucratic red tape are all tools used by certain governments in an effort to quiet those who drive anti-corruption efforts," Moreira said. The organization is calling on governments that "hide behind restrictive laws" to eliminate the laws and open opportunities for further civic participation. To reduce civic involvement is to allow corruption to fester and grow and risk "the very essence of democracy and freedom," TI Chairwoman Delia Ferreira Rubio said.

Latest LCCC Bulletin analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on February 23-24/18
Some Return to the Past, Others look to the Future
Eyad Abu Shakra/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18
A few days ago I returned from Dubai, in the UAE, where I attended the World Government Summit. This Summit, boasting contributions from a select group of leading political, economic, scientific and intellectual figures, came a few days before the seventh anniversary of the popular uprising that ended Muammar Al-Gaddafi rule in Libya.
It was a true ‘summit’, given the political, economic and scientific ideas and visions, whether expressed from the podium, or through side dialogues and exchanges.
It came as a vivid reflection of the interest in the future, anticipating and preparing for it, more so since it neither waits nor forgives the unprepared, or those who yearn to a backward, restrictive and destructive past.
In the meantime, as I mention the seventh anniversary to the uprising that toppled Al-Gaddafi, I intentionally refuse to describe what Libya lived under between 1969 and 2011 as a ‘regime’.
Actually, I remember well when the news of the 1969 ‘September First Revolution’ broke.
I recall how I received the news that the regime of King Idris Al-Senussi was toppled through my little transistor radio on the balcony of our summer mountain home. I heard that a group of young army officers brought down the regime that our generation – the generation of ‘June 1967 Defeat – believed had passed its sell by date.
Our angry and rebellious generation, then, never forgave the ‘debility’ of the regime of that old venerable king, which we were told contributed directly to the ‘June Defeat’. Those days we were totally convinced that the defeat would not have happened had it not been for enemy fighter-bomber taking off from the Wheelus USAF, near Tripoli to bomb Egypt!
From that balcony I was following the news reports from Libya one by one. I heard early that the ‘Coup Leader’ was an officer called Saadeddine Bu-Shuweireb; and some time passed before the names of the real planners and executors of what became known as ‘September First Revolution’ were revealed.
The new rulers were a group of young officers led by Muammar Al-Gaddafi, who copying earlier Arab military coups, formed a ‘Revolutionary Command Council (RCC)’, before the ‘revolution’ began to devour its children. In addition to the young officers, among the earliest members of the new governing elite were a mélange of young intellectuals such as Palestinian-born Premier Mahmood Suleiman al-Maghribi and veteran opposition politicians like Foreign Minister Saleh Mass’oud Bouweissir.
Back to my generation, which was hopeful of ‘cleansing’ the outcome of the ‘June Defeat’, there was also a strong wish to be optimistic after an ignominious defeat few of us were willing to admit how bad it really was. We simply rejected any reappraisal or calls for accountability, because we were convinced that our defeat came solely as a result of ‘foreign conspiracy’, thus dismissing our fragile political structures, bad reading of realities, and misunderstanding the world around us.
‘Foreign conspiracy’ was a potent drug not only because it was partly true, but also because it provided us with an excuse against self-criticism and shouldering responsibility. Al-Gaddafi and his colleagues were also sons of that generation. For him and them, everything began and ended with ‘foreign conspiracy’; and thus his magic prescription contained two ingredients: revolutionizing society through young mass movements, and achieving any kind of ‘union’, at any price, in any shape or form, in order to prevent division and fragmentation.
I reckon the intentions of Al-Gaddafi and his fellow officers were sincere. In fact, he and Gaafar Nimeiry - who had led a few months earlier (May 15th) in the Sudan another military coup under ‘revolutionary banners – enjoyed the blessings of ‘Nasserist’ Egypt. Many, like me, saw those days that the two young officers’ coups in the Sudan and Libya were the ‘practical response’ against the ‘June defeat’, and a means of repairing damaged dreams and ambitions, especially, as Egypt had begun its ‘war of Attrition’ against the Israelis in the then occupied Sinai.
However, those dreams and ambitions soon proved to be unreal, and rapidly foundered. The end of ‘Nasserism’ following the death of President Gamal Abdel-Nasser in September 1970 brought about awareness of what was really going on both in Egypt, and in the Arab world at large.
Changes were taking place and new realities were emerging everywhere in the Arab world.
In Egypt, the ‘Sadat Era’ began underlining and intensifying ‘Egyptian identity’. The Palestinian ‘resistance’ movement had to change its tactical, strategic and even geographic priorities after its ‘September 1970 experience’ in Jordan. The ‘revolutions’ led by Nimeiry and Al-Gaddafi also underwent massive tests, that led Nimeiry to turn against the Left, and Al-Gaddafi against ‘Arabism’.
Even Iraq and Syria, the two ‘Baathist’ competitors aspiring to inherit the mantle of ‘Arabism’ relinquished by Egypt after signing the Camp David Accords, changed.
The two states turned their back to the ‘secularism’ of the Baath and became minority-led; and so with a few decades the two ‘Fertile Crescent’ twins became occupied and sectarian failed states.
In the opposite direction, the oil boom spurred an unprecedented development in the Gulf States.
The leaderships of these states learnt the lesson, and translated its realistic pragmatism based on common interest into building institutions of entities; and up till now, the employed mechanisms have managed to limit the damages and dangers threatening the Gulf from the ‘post 1979 Iran’.
In Dubai, a few days ago, amazing information and predictions were made.
I was particularly thrilled by Professor Michio Kaku’s presentation about groundbreaking future innovations. However, soon after leaving this journey with the future, I looked back at the past, then the present, and felt the pain.
In this world of ours there are those who plan for the next 20, 50, even 100 years, while we go backwards 100s of years.
Even in the Gulf, there is a tiny minority that is seeking to turn back the forward march to the future.

Me Too in the Mosque
Giulio Meotti/Gatestone Institute/February 23/18
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/11937/mosques-women-islam
"While the brave Iranian women protested against hijab laws, Western feminists celebrated hijab". — Rita Panahi, Herald Sun, Australia.
Instead of a celebration of Islamist discrimination against women, the West should promote a #MeToo in the mosque, the idea of an Egyptian, Mona Eltahawi. She would like to raise the issue of rape and sexual abuse suffered by Muslim women during the hajj pilgrimage to Mecca.
Will Western advocates of women's rights also stand for the rights of Muslim women, or, in the name of "multiculturalism", the will they keep appeasing those who persecute them instead?
While the march for women's rights in Washington this year took place under the banner of #MeToo against sexual harassment, in Iran dozens of women were taking to the streets to protest against theocracy and compulsory wearing of the hijab. The Iranian women waved white flags to fight against the mullahs' obligation to veil. But the white flag was not a surrender; it was apparently a symbol of Western feminists. As the Australian Rita Panahi wrote, "while the brave Iranian women protested against hijab laws, Western feminists celebrated hijab".
On February 1, many of these Iranian women were arrested for not wearing a hijab. On that very day, the World Hijab Day was celebrated in the West, and Western appeasers celebrated the veil. Even British PM Theresa May backed the claim that women should be "free" to wear hijab. A few days after that, the American department store Macy's decided to sell the hijab as an item of fashion clothing. Unfortunately, in some Islamic countries, women are not "free" to wear the veil; they are obliged to wear the veil, as the arrests in Iran show us.
Instead of a celebration of Islamist discrimination against women, the West should promote a #MeToo in the mosque -- the idea of an Egyptian, Mona Eltahawi. She would like to raise the issue of rape and sexual abuse suffered by Muslim women during the hajj pilgrimage to Mecca.
Seyran Ates, a Turkish-German woman, recently opened in Berlin the first mosque where unveiled women and gays are welcome. Her decision was rather braver than a Twitter hashtag. Ates was immediately flooded with death threats, and had to be put under police protection.
In Berlin, Germany, the first mosque to welcome unveiled women and gays opened last year, co-founded by Turkish-German human-rights activist Seyran Ates. In contrast to traditional mosques, males and females worship together in the new mosque. The French philosopher Alain Finkielkraut recently called feminists "dishonest players" who will not admit to having won the game. In the West, the feminist adventure is, for the most part, over: women have conquered most of their rights and have earned respect.
Feminists would be wise now not to allow their battle to be turned into a grotesque caricature by banning "sexist" poems and art. This has already happened in a museum in Manchester and a school in Berlin. Western feminism, instead, could renew and ennoble itself by embracing the desperate fight of many Muslim women: Nigerian girls abducted by Boko Haram; Yazidi women sexually enslaved by ISIS; Indonesian women lashed for "adultery"; women captured and sold as slaves; girls subjected to female genital mutilation (FGM), girls married off while they are still children to men they do not even know; and girls in Iran now in prison -- and possibly tortured and raped -- for taking off their veils.
Take the three European countries hosting the largest Muslim communities: Britain, Germany and France. In Britain, a new case of female genital mutilation (FGM) is being either discovered or treated every hour, according to National Health Service statistics. In Germany, a nongovernmental organization, Terre des Femmes, has said that 13,000 underage girls living there are at risk of being forced to undergo this brutal disfigurement. A few days ago, reports surfaced that in the suburbs of Paris 30% of Muslim girls are threatened with it.
Will Western advocates of women's rights also stand for the rights of Muslim women, or, in the name of "multiculturalism", the will they keep appeasing those who persecute them instead?
For years, Western cultural relativists have denounced Judeo-Christian values for "repressing women", and "progressives" proclaimed a duty to be "open minded". That is why they fought for female bishops to be appointed to the Church of England and for "egalitarian" Jewish prayer services at the Western Wall in Jerusalem. The paradox is that every time it comes to Islam, the same progressives lose their voice.
Western feminism needs to make a strategic choice. The West, which prides itself on being the world of "inclusivity" and "rights", really needs to decide if it stands with Muslim icons of Western elites such as Linda Sarsour, who wished Ayaan Hirsi Ali, a critic of Islam and a victim of genital mutilation, to have her vagina "taken away" (whatever that means), or join with the real reformers in Islam who are fighting to open their religion to kindness, tolerance, reason and modernity.
Fundamentalism or freedom: the choice is up to us.
Giulio Meotti, Cultural Editor for Il Foglio, is an Italian journalist and author.
© 2018 Gatestone Institute. All rights reserved. The articles printed here do not necessarily reflect the views of the Editors or of Gatestone Institute. No part of the Gatestone website or any of its contents may be reproduced, copied or modified, without the prior written consent of Gatestone Institute.

Putin Has to Find a Way to Raise Incomes
Leonid Bershidsky/Bloomberg/Asharq Al Awsat/February 23/18
One thing Putin is keen to ensure before the election: that Russians' real disposable incomes as measured by official statistics don't decline. So the State Statistical Service has made sure of it.
On Monday, the government agency reported that in January, the disposable income measure was unchanged from January 2017. To produce that result, it had to disregard a one-time payment of 5,000 rubles ($88) made to Russian retirees in January 2017 -- "for comparability purposes," it explained. Russian economists panned the decision as a manipulation. That, however, won't stop Putin from claiming that the multi-year decline in Russians' incomes has been halted.
That decline is the biggest headache for the beginning of Putin's fourth presidential term. Economic growth resumed after a two-year slump in 2017, and so did retail turnover growth, but that has been largely thanks to Russians' increased propensity to take out consumer loans (after a 35 percent slump in 2015). In nominal terms, consumer credit was back at the 2014 level last year.
Putin and his government make much of having conquered inflation, which only reached 2.5 percent last year; the unusually low level of price growth has allowed the Central Bank to drive its key interest rate down to 7.5 percent, making credit more affordable. But real disposable incomes decreased by 1.7 percent, though the economy ministry predicted growth of 0.2 percent. There's no reason for Russian companies to increase salaries: Their combined net profit was down 4 percent year-on-year in January through November 2017.
In an economy increasingly controlled by the government -- the recently announced acquisition of No. 2 retailer Magnit by state-owned VTB bank is just the latest example of the longstanding trend -- state spending is the most reliable way of increasing disposable incomes. But Russia ran a 1.7 percent budget deficit in 2017 and is expected to run a 1.3 percent deficit this year, according to the Bloomberg consensus forecast: Higher oil prices haven't completely erased the government's revenue shortfall. There's no room for big handouts in the foreseeable future without a major increase in debt.
Bloomberg reports that such an increase is just what's being proposed by Putin's economic aide Andrey Belousov, long a proponent of active monetary stimulus, as well as generally more conservative Deputy Prime Minister Igor Shuvalov and Economy Minister Maxim Oreshkin. According to the unconfirmed report, they'd like to see Russia's debt-to-gross-domestic-product ratio rise to 16 percent from the current 12.5 percent during Putin's next term. The idea is to stimulate growth through a borrowing spree that would raise 15 trillion rubles ($265 billion) for infrastructure investment, including highway and railroad construction. There's nothing particularly wrong with taking on a bit more debt, especially if Russian bonds return to investment grade this year -- a realistic prospect given the lack of new U.S. sanctions, which could have put Russian paper out of many institutional investors' reach. And even if an expansion of foreign borrowing weren't an option, the domestic market can swallow up plenty more of the government's relatively high-yielding debt. Compared to European and U.S. levels, Russian debt is low; the country can afford to borrow more.
Putin, however, appears instinctively to hate debt. When he came to power in 2000, Russia's debt-to-GDP ratio exceeded 50 percent. Putin embarked on a conscious strategy of paying it down, reducing the ratio to 7.4 percent in 2008. It started rising thanks to the global financial crisis and peaked at 15.9 percent in recession-ridden 2015, but has since shrunk again. Putin's preference for sound, conservative financial management, reflected in a marked improvement of Russia's external financial position in 2017 -- a $11.7 billion increase in foreign reserves and a $48.9 billion increase in the net foreign investment position -- is in conflict with his other strong instinct, the one that pushes him to increase the government's presence in the economy.
This is an inner conflict that Putin will need to resolve during his next six-year term. A big infrastructure spending spree could reward loyal businesspeople, especially Putin's friends, for their patience with Putin's economically uncomfortable geopolitical stance. And there's no question that the country needs it: Government investment in infrastructure has dwindled to 2 percent of GDP from about 4 percent in 2012 , while the G-20's Global Infrastructure Outlook estimates Russia's "investment gap" -- the difference between what's being spent on roads, airports, telecommunications, water and energy supply networks, and what the country actually requires -- at $727 billion by 2040.
It could also finally help to stall the decrease in real incomes, which is feeding electoral apathy and, lately, even open discontent under anti-corruption banners. But Putin, knowing the system he's built, doubts the efficiency of a huge spending increase. And if it's fed by a debt explosion, Putin will feel insecure about handing over power to a designated successor, something the constitution obliges him to do in 2024. The stability of his regime is based on sound government finances, and there are already barely concealed holes in them, such as the dubious assets of the state development bank, VEB. Putin knows that official data paper over these potential problems and doesn't want to exacerbate them.
Some clues about Putin's choices may emerge in his annual message to parliament, which he's likely to deliver by the end of this month, making it the key speech of his largely nonexistent election campaign. Even if voters aren't being asked, their interests can't be completely disregarded. The question is whether Putin can help them without relinquishing a degree of control over the economy.

Question: "Is a gospel crusade a biblical method of evangelism?"
GotQuestions.org/February 23/18
Answer: A gospel crusade is a concentrated effort to evangelize a city or region. Prior to the preaching the groundwork is laid: a large venue is rented, whole communities are invited, musicians and counsellors are lined up, and churches are asked to pray. When the big day arrives, a high-profile evangelist preaches a public message or a series of messages on salvation and gives an invitation to respond. Evangelists who have used the gospel crusade method of evangelism to speak to millions include George Whitefield, Charles Finney, D. L. Moody, Billy Sunday, and Billy Graham.
Gospel crusades have been in existence since the second chapter of Acts and since then have exploded in number and popularity. Some crusades claim to present the gospel; some of them don’t. Some crusades may be labeled “gospel,” but are in fact focused on physical healing, inspirational messages, or prosperity. For the purposes of this article, we will define a gospel crusade as a scheduled event designed to attract a large number of people for the purposes of presenting God’s plan of salvation through Jesus Christ. We will also assume for the purposes of this article that the true biblical gospel is indeed preached at the crusades we will consider.
The first “crusade” of sorts is found in Acts 2:14–41, after the Holy Spirit had come upon the disciples. Peter immediately began speaking to the thousands gathered at Pentecost, explaining the phenomenon they were seeing and hearing. These formerly terrified followers of Jesus were suddenly speaking boldly in other languages so that travelers from many nations could hear the gospel in their own tongues. Three thousand new converts were added to the kingdom that day. Clearly, this gospel crusade was a biblical method of evangelism.
The next verse (Acts 2:42) shows us why this gospel crusade was so effective. There was follow-up, and the new believers “devoted themselves to the apostles teaching, to fellowship, and to prayer.” Those new converts were immediately welcomed into the church at Jerusalem where they were instructed about how to be disciples of Christ (see Matthew 28:19–20). One weakness of the crusade method of evangelism is the lack of follow-up. Of the thousands who flock to the front to “give their lives to Jesus,” how many continue in the faith? Although many reputable evangelists such as Billy and Franklin Graham strive to connect new believers with local churches, the numbers don’t support the claim that most of those responding to an altar call were truly born again. Jesus said, “If you continue in my word, you are truly my disciples” (John 8:31). The implication is that those who do not continue in His word never were His disciples to begin with.
There are many acceptable methods of presenting the gospel, and none should be discounted if the truth is proclaimed. A gospel crusade is only one way, but often we think of it as the best way. We may subconsciously excuse our lack of personal evangelism by assuming that unbelievers will be exposed to a gospel crusade through TV or in person and hear the truth that way. There may be instances when an unbeliever is so hardened against the gospel that he or she has been resistant to personal evangelism but is drawn to a gospel crusade through the celebrity status of the speaker or musicians. However, as followers of Christ carrying His mandate of winning the lost, we should never assume that the message is somehow reaching those who need it without our participation.
God uses many avenues to reach those He came to save, including gospel crusades. As His followers, we should be actively involved in helping Him through every means possible. When we support gospel crusades through our time, finances, and participation and, at the same time, seek to draw people to Jesus through our personal witness, we can be confident that we are obeying Jesus’ last words to us and helping Him make disciples of all nations.
Recommended Resource: Reaching the Lost: Evangelism by Bobby Jamieson
What's new on Question: "Is a gospel crusade a biblical method of evangelism?"
Answer: A gospel crusade is a concentrated effort to evangelize a city or region. Prior to the preaching the groundwork is laid: a large venue is rented, whole communities are invited, musicians and counsellors are lined up, and churches are asked to pray. When the big day arrives, a high-profile evangelist preaches a public message or a series of messages on salvation and gives an invitation to respond. Evangelists who have used the gospel crusade method of evangelism to speak to millions include George Whitefield, Charles Finney, D. L. Moody, Billy Sunday, and Billy Graham.
Gospel crusades have been in existence since the second chapter of Acts and since then have exploded in number and popularity. Some crusades claim to present the gospel; some of them don’t. Some crusades may be labeled “gospel,” but are in fact focused on physical healing, inspirational messages, or prosperity. For the purposes of this article, we will define a gospel crusade as a scheduled event designed to attract a large number of people for the purposes of presenting God’s plan of salvation through Jesus Christ. We will also assume for the purposes of this article that the true biblical gospel is indeed preached at the crusades we will consider.
The first “crusade” of sorts is found in Acts 2:14–41, after the Holy Spirit had come upon the disciples. Peter immediately began speaking to the thousands gathered at Pentecost, explaining the phenomenon they were seeing and hearing. These formerly terrified followers of Jesus were suddenly speaking boldly in other languages so that travelers from many nations could hear the gospel in their own tongues. Three thousand new converts were added to the kingdom that day. Clearly, this gospel crusade was a biblical method of evangelism.
The next verse (Acts 2:42) shows us why this gospel crusade was so effective. There was follow-up, and the new believers “devoted themselves to the apostles teaching, to fellowship, and to prayer.” Those new converts were immediately welcomed into the church at Jerusalem where they were instructed about how to be disciples of Christ (see Matthew 28:19–20). One weakness of the crusade method of evangelism is the lack of follow-up. Of the thousands who flock to the front to “give their lives to Jesus,” how many continue in the faith? Although many reputable evangelists such as Billy and Franklin Graham strive to connect new believers with local churches, the numbers don’t support the claim that most of those responding to an altar call were truly born again. Jesus said, “If you continue in my word, you are truly my disciples” (John 8:31). The implication is that those who do not continue in His word never were His disciples to begin with.
There are many acceptable methods of presenting the gospel, and none should be discounted if the truth is proclaimed. A gospel crusade is only one way, but often we think of it as the best way. We may subconsciously excuse our lack of personal evangelism by assuming that unbelievers will be exposed to a gospel crusade through TV or in person and hear the truth that way. There may be instances when an unbeliever is so hardened against the gospel that he or she has been resistant to personal evangelism but is drawn to a gospel crusade through the celebrity status of the speaker or musicians. However, as followers of Christ carrying His mandate of winning the lost, we should never assume that the message is somehow reaching those who need it without our participation.
God uses many avenues to reach those He came to save, including gospel crusades. As His followers, we should be actively involved in helping Him through every means possible. When we support gospel crusades through our time, finances, and participation and, at the same time, seek to draw people to Jesus through our personal witness, we can be confident that we are obeying Jesus’ last words to us and helping Him make disciples of all nations.
*Recommended Resource: Reaching the Lost: Evangelism by Bobby Jamieson

Iran’s selective approach to hybrid war
Ali Hajizade/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
During the cold war, the world witnessed various proxy wars, involving USSR and the USA, and their official and unofficial allies. Moscow and Washington managed to wage proxy wars in Vietnam, Angola, Afghanistan and other parts of the world.
Now there is no Warsaw block, and proxy wars could seemingly become history. However, it did not happen. In today’s world, certain regional players have adopted the Soviet method of waging proxy wars. Speaking of the Middle East, we should emphasize Iran’s activity.
Strategists from Tehran are to be lauded; they improved the Soviet methods and transformed them into a system of a comprehensive hybrid war, including the application of modern technologies. Today, Iran’s permanent hybrid war is mainly directed against three countries – USA, Israel and Saudi Arabia. However, Tehran is selective about the approach to each of these countries.
Iran has a separate strategy for each of these countries. However, in each case Iran tries to avoid a straightforward confrontation. For example, the situation with US is much more nuanced than with Israel or Saudi Arabia.
For instance, Iranian authorities declare vicious slogans against “Great Satan”, but at the same time, they spend great financial resources and energy to create, expand and support Iranian Lobby in US. These efforts continued even when Iran, not directly, but through Shiite armed militias was involved in a military conflict with the US army in Iraq. Iranians have been contacting with representatives of the Iraqi opposition since Saddam Hussein’s years in power.
The American invasion freed Iran’s hands and Tehran was able to fully use its ties and influence over Shiites in Iraq. Thus, Iraq turned into a failed state, possessing a role of a buffer zone for Iran.
In general, methods of Iranian hybrid warfare vary according to countries and political situation in those countries
They could establish very valuable ties with a certain part (mainly with the liberal wing) of the American and European political establishment through the work of Iranian Lobby in US and EU.
Ethnic Iranians including Iranians who have dual citizenship participate in the work of Iranian Lobby together with citizens of Western countries, among which there are politicians, social activists, experts and journalists. The Head of Iran’s intelligence Mahmoud Alavi explicitly stated this in the interview.
The main objective of Iranian Lobby in Washington is to counteract activities of Jewish Lobby and activities of Israel, Saudi Arabia and UAE in Washington. In particular, in matters regarding Iran, for example Iranian nuclear program, Iran’s missile program, matters related to tightening of sanctions against Iran and Iran’s ties with terrorist organizations.
Iranian Lobby has also been actively involved in the process of creation of a “positive image of Iran” and efforts to divert attention from a gross violation of human rights and rights of minorities in Iran. In addition, Iranian lobby tacitly tries to promote its people (not necessarily ethnic Iranians) into the governmental organizations, organizations close to the government of US and think tanks responsible for the formulation of US policy towards Iran and the Middle East. The most successful experience in this regard was achieved during the Obama administration. Several representatives of Iranian Lobby could get into Obama’s circle. To what extent they had influenced the decisions on Iran remains a subject of dispute. However, it is a fact that unlike other administrations, Obama’s administration had a different view on Iran and its potential role in the region.
Obviously, Obama planned to make Iran the main ally of USA in the region, despite the fact that Iran is the main destabilizing factor in the Middle East. Moreover, of course, to the prejudice of Israel, Saudi Arabia, UAE and Turkey. This type of formation demanded Obama to ignore human rights violations in Iran and its support for terrorist organizations. Hillary Clinton, being Secretary of State, actively participated in the formulation of Obama’s pro-Iranian policy. Of course, Clinton was not working alone; she was being assisted by a whole team, in which there were persons sympathetic to Iran with their views on Iran’s future role in the region and the future of Iranian-American relations. One of those persons is Tom Pickering, former diplomat. Specifically, the small report, he sent to Hillary Clinton is a subject of interest.
If you read this document, you can get a sense of an immense amount of concessions in relations with Iran Pickering proposes to make. There is another episode, which perfectly illustrates the Obama administration’s attitude to Iran.
As a result of the investigation, conducted by Politico it has been disclosed that Obama’s administration actually sabotaged the investigation against Hezbollah in cases of drug trafficking and money laundering. Obama was afraid that Iran could abandon the nuclear deal. Whilst the drugs were being supplied to the European allies of the US, as well as to US itself and the money raised was used to support the organization fighting against another US ally – Israel.
Obviously, Hillary Clinton had to carry on the Obama administration’s torch. Nevertheless, Donald Trump’s victory has broken the plans to rehabilitate Iran and turning Iran into Washington’s main ally in the Middle East.
One of the main Iranian Lobby organizations in US is National Iranian American Council. Nevertheless, that’s not the only organization engaged in lobbying of the interests of Iran in USA. There are other organizations and individuals. Iranian Lobby operates somewhat differently in Europe, more openly and freely than in US.
Unlike Washington, EU Countries have always been more lenient with Iran. It is partially due to the appetite of large European business. Of course, Iranian authorities understand it and use this factor in their global hybrid war. Large European business, having ties with Iran, in turn, becomes a kind of mediator between Iran and EU, a mediator that is always interested in good relations with the Iranian regime.
European technological companies are of particular interest to Iran, since the legal access to Israeli and American technologies is almost closed to Tehran. Various mechanisms and backup options to circumvent sanctions have been developed during the years of the sanctions.
Iran needs technologies, not only for civil purposes, but also for military purposes, in particular for their intelligence services and missile program. Besides lobbyists, large business and corrupt politicians the Iranian side uses a number of other methods in its global confrontation with US, Israel and Saudi Arabia.
Organization and support for paramilitary groups in the region are among them. In particular, in countries with a vacuum of authority (Iraq, Syria, Lebanon and Yemen) and Shiite population. These groups may be considered Iran’s informal allies in the region. Of course, in case of Iraq, Tehran has a considerable influence on its authorities, but armed groups are much more loyal allies of Iran.
On the other hand, for example, Syria, where Tehran has to compete with Russia. In case of change of Government, Tehran can use controlled groups to preserve its influence in these countries. In addition, these groups are used against the countries, Iran perceives as its main enemies.
In countries with Shiite population, in which Iran could not create militias, Tehran tries to use the religious factor. These countries are closely monitored by the Iranian intelligence services. In the South, it is Bahrain, which is small, but strategically very important for both Saudi Arabia and Iran. In 2011, the support of Peninsula Shield Force helped to prevent pro-Iranian takeover in this country.
However, Iranian activity and influence in Bahrain are still there and still pose a threat to the sovereignty and the stability of Bahrain. Tehran, using its agents tries to have an impact on Bahraini society and, of course, first of all, on the Shiite community of the country.
In the North, it is Azerbaijan, a secular country, an ally of Turkey and Israel. Azerbaijan has the second largest Shiite population in the world, after Iran. Iran considers Azerbaijan as a permanent threat to the integrity of the country. The reason is a large Azerbaijani population in Iran itself.
Despite of the fact that Azerbaijanis are second ethnic group only to the Persian in size, they do not have any rights in Iran along with other ethnic groups. This is the reason sporadic demonstrations against Tehran’s policy erupt periodically in the Southern Azerbaijan.
Given the risk of division of the country, and taking into account, that the Azerbaijani Republic in the North is the centre of attraction for Azerbaijanis in the South Azerbaijan, Iran has been trying to gain support in Azerbaijan Republic in the form of political forces and religious communities, controlled by Tehran, for further implementation of its policy to, at least, neutralize the threat of Azerbaijani nationalism both in the north and the south or, at most, to involve the Azerbaijani Republic in its orbit of interest with the further turning it into a loyal vassal.
However, sustained actions of Azerbaijani authorities have limited Iran’s capacity to establish a big and strong pro-Iranian wing in Azerbaijan. At the same time, we have to note that Iran could achieve some progress in building its network in Azerbaijan, but the balance of power is not in Tehran’s favor.
Alongside Azerbaijan, certain activity of Iran is observed in Georgia. Azerbaijani Shiites, the second largest ethnic group in Georgia, are of particular interest. Here, just like in Azerbaijan, Iranians use Shiism as a soft power to promote their propaganda.
In addition, Shiite pilgrims undergo ideological and propagandist indoctrination, during the pilgrimage to Karbala, Najaf and Mashhad. Obviously, Iran tries to secure its northern boundaries and tries to create here forces, loyal to them.
Iranian strategy of global hybrid war could not ignore its eastern unstable neighbor – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan. Iran has a long border with this country. Of course, the attention and recourses Iran spends on Afghanistan, cannot be compared to the recourses spent on Iraq and Syria. Nevertheless, in general, Afghanistan is of great interest to Iran.
Contrary to its strategy in other countries, Iran does not scruple to cooperate with radical Sunni groups in Afghanistan, for example with Taliban. Iran, reportedly, provides financial recourses and arms to Taliban. In addition, there are training camps for Taliban in Iran. It is believed that the main aim of Iranian support for Taliban is to use Taliban fighters against the armed groups that pledged loyalty to ISIS. Obviously, Iran believes Taliban poses less of a threat than ISIS does.
However, no one can guarantee that Iranian money and arms supplied to Taliban is not used against the State and coalition forces. In general, this approach to the issue fits organically into the Iranian strategy of a global hybrid war. The principle is simple: the more problems the West has in the region, the less they care about Iran.
Iran is also concerned about the Saudi activity in Afghanistan. Tehran believes that the activity of Saudi Arabia in Afghanistan can seriously damage Iranian long-term plans for this country. In addition, Iran tries to promote and strengthen positions of Persian language in Afghanistan.
For Iran, Afghanistan is a source of young Shiite mercenaries, recruited by Iran and sent to Syria to fight on the side of Bashar Assad. In general, Afghan fighters are less expensive for Iran than others are. They can also be redeployed to other fronts or use them in their homeland in future. These people are a good material for a hybrid war. One of the hot spots of the Iranian hybrid war is Yemen. This country has a long border with Saudi Arabia. Nevertheless, some of its areas are poorly controlled due to climate and natural landscape. Yemen is perfect to create problems and security threats to Saudi Arabia. That is why Iran could not opt out of the developments in Yemen and not use this opportunity in its global strategy of the hybrid war.
Supporting Houthis in Yemen, Iran tries to draw away a part of Saudi forces (armed forces, military aviation, intelligence), recourses (financial recourses) and attention. This tactics was widely used by USSR and US during the Cold War.
Particular attention should be given to the Houthis’ rocket attacks on Saudi Arabia. The missiles supplied to Houthis by Iran cannot seriously damage Saudi Arabia, even if they hit the target. Here Iran has two objectives – the first is psychological, that has to affect the Saudi society and foreigners, who live in or visit Saudi Arabia.
The second one is a military objective; Iran tests the Saudi air defense system by the shelling, in the event of possible armed conflict with Saudi Arabia.
Probably, one of the main directions of the Iranian hybrid war is the support for Syrian President Bashar Assad, despite the rivals in the face Russians. Iranians had started to help Bashar Assad long before the Russians came. Iran’s presence in Syria is still ongoing. In general, Syrian theatre of hybrid warfare has shown that Iranian military and IRGC are not as powerful and professional as Iranian propaganda tries to present.
The gains of Iranians, regime forces and Hezbollah had been modest before Russian military came. The control over the large part of Syria was lost and future of the regime of Bashar Assad was a question. Moreover, the interference of the Russian armed forces could turn the tide of war, not the Iranian assistance. Many casualties among the senior staff of the Iranian military, also doesn’t add them any points.
In general, it shows that during an all-out war with a more organized and well-armed opponent, Iranian armed forces including IRGC forces can quickly lose the initiative, what will eventually lead to defeat. This explains why Iran seeks to avoid a direct confrontation with the States, Tehran considers to be enemies. We can assume that the awareness of inability of its armed forces to meet the military challenges in Syria forced Iran to recruit Shiites from the whole Middle East for the war in Syria.
One of the major players of Iranian global hybrid war is a Lebanese terrorist organization – Hezbollah. This organization was established in the early 80s, with the direct participation of Iran. For quite a long time, Hezbollah was being used only against Israel. Nevertheless, there were attempts to move organization’s activity to Egypt; however, these attempts were prevented by Egyptian intelligence services.
Iran also uses Hezbollah in active measures in South America. When the civil war in Syria began, units of Hezbollah were redeployed to this country, to assist the Bashar Assad regime. However, Hezbollah’s participation in the Syrian conflict has not been effective.
In Lebanon Hezbollah is also being used to suppress Sunni armed groups. The fact that this is committed with complete impunity of Shiite militias raises extreme outrage among Sunni population of Lebanon. We should take into account that the number of Sunnis is almost equal to the number of Shiites in Lebanon and such actions can drag the country into another internal religious conflict. And in the event of such a conflict Iran will have a chance to further strengthen its positions in Lebanon.
Hezbollah is a perfect instrument to interfere into internal affairs and policy of Lebanon. Thanks to Iran’s support, Hezbollah terrorist organization has its deputies in Lebanese Parliament and is a part of the coalition Government. Knowing that its army is lag behind the Israeli army in all respects (except numerical superiority), Iran prefers to use Hezbollah and other organizations as proxies in the conflict with Israel.
We should also understand that propaganda and cyber attacks are important components of Iranian strategy of the global hybrid war. Iranian promotional machine includes an army of pro-Government trolls, an armada of fake and other marginal websites. I wrote about in my previous review.
There are also relatively qualitative websites and TV channels. Iranian state propaganda tries to use them to influence public opinion in the West and in Iran’s neighboring countries. However, we should understand that the quality of the product, produced by the Iranian promotional machine is very low.
Iranian promotional machine has a number of western “experts”, “journalists” and “analytics” who constantly flash across the Iranian propaganda channels and relevant western websites. Their main objectives are – a) to dilute the Iranian propaganda with their articles and comments, b) to promote the Iranian point of view in the West and in the region.
In addition, Iran-controlled organizations, such as Hezbollah or Shiite groups, have their propaganda recourses, mainly focusing on the audience of their regions. “Cyber forces of Iran” or “pro-Government hackers”, as they are often called in mass media, pose a serious threat to the countries in the region, both to the countries whom Iran considers as enemies (Saudi Arabia, Israel) and to the countries who have complicated relations with Iran (Turkey, UAE, Azerbaijan, Bahrain, Afghanistan).
Since 2010, Iranian Government has sharply increased financing their cyber-warriors. In 2010, Iranian officials talked about the training and preparation of 1500 cyber-warriors, although in reality the figure can be different (higher or lower). Of course, Iranian Government continued to build their capabilities and increase the number of cyber-warriors.
For example, according to the tweet of Iranian Minister of Information and former intelligence officer Mohammad-Javad Azari Jahromi (17 October 2017) Iran has an intention to prepare 10 thousand cyber-specialists to combat cyber threats. And it is easy to imagine that these specialists will be used as cyber-warriors in the interest of the regime.

Jabri’s ‘rationalism’ as a flawed alternative to ‘secularism’
Fahad Suleiman Shoqiran/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
The concept of secularism has been linked to the Christian tradition itself, not only on the fundamental ideological plane but even at the academic and intellectual levels.
The benefits of secularism
Analyzing secularism has thus not taken into account the development of the concept as seen in several countries in the east and the west. “Render unto Caesar the things that are Caesar’s; and unto God the things that are God’s,” has often been cited. If it had not been for secularism, massacres and bloodshed would have been rampant across the world. Many intellectuals, including Mohammed Abed al-Jabri, a prominent critic and thinker, made the mistake of equating “secularism” with ‘religion’. This was evident in Jabri’s book ‘The religion, state and application of Shariah.’ Georges Tarabichi criticized Jabri in his book ‘Heresies.’ His criticism is in fact justified as Jabri had proposed “democracy” as an alternative to “secularism.” Secularism is not an ideology but is a collective understanding. It does not create a new reality but tempers differences and helps make piety more disciplined
Jabri said: “I think it’s a must to exclude the slogan ‘secularism’ from the dictionary of Arab national thought and it must be replaced with the slogans of ‘democracy’ and ‘rationality’ as they express the needs of the Arab society. ‘Secularism’ in the Arab world is fake, meaning it expresses needs via content that does not really match these needs.”Jabri also made a strange statement on “political rationality” and said: “Democracy means protecting rights; the rights of individuals and groups. Rationality means basing political practice on logic and its rational and moral standards and not on intolerance or mood swings.”
Jabri’s ‘political rationality’
What Jabri said about the task of “political rationality” is actually the same as the task of “secularism.” However, he is elusive about secularism for two reasons. First of all, he wants to convince societies of “political rationality,” which has the same job as secularism, to reassure Muslims that secularism is unnecessary because he simply thinks that those who spread it in Arab societies are “Christians of the Levant”. Thus Muslims do not need a concept that is promoted by Christian intellectuals. As for the second reason, Jabri summed it up as such: “The phrase ‘separation of religion and state’ is not at all acceptable in Muslim societies because in Islam there is no point of establishing contradictions between the state and religion.”Thus, Jabri radically rejects the concept of secularism and adopts a shallow understanding of it. He fears “the separation of religion and state” because he thinks it harms the political Islamist concept and the tools that “implement sharia.”However, Jabri’s approach to repeal the concept of secularism is actually insufficient as the concept’s uses have developed and it gradually broke free from the religious Christian legacy and it is no longer a shallow “separation” between the religion and the state.
Secularism not opposed to religion
Secularism has developed, thanks to political philosophical theories that go beyond the classics on social contract. It has evolved since the days of Rousseau and Kant, thanks to the huge leap which John Rawls made through his research on ‘justice as fairness’, which was groundbreaking in terms of the concept of the social contract and in terms of developing ideas pertaining to the tasks of the state. His theory of ‘justice as fairness’ is one of the most convincing realistic theories that try to find political balance (the moral dimension is not substantial) to control inequality and define the concept of fairness between the individual, the state and others. Jabri however analyzed secularism on the basis of how people understand it and then he criticized what people comprehend about it. Many people, including thinkers, ideologically confused the concept of secularism and forgot that the latter is a practical concept whose uses and applications vary. Experience proved that the secularization of a state does not destroy its cultural basis, nor is it hostile to religion itself. Actually, religions only thrive in secular polity, mainly for two reasons. First of all, secularism lays the foundation for controlling different religions so they’re all treated fairly according to the country’s approved laws, as is the case with secularism in the Indian context. Secularism in India where there is religious, lingual and racial diversity contributed to protecting Muslims, and if it hadn’t been so, Muslims would have been crushed by Hindus extremists. Secondly, secularism is not an ideology but it’s a collective understanding. It does not create a new reality but it tempers differences between groups and helps make piety more disciplined. In the end, the hysteria and fuss regarding secularism reflects ignorance in how it developed and changed as well as in how many obstacles it faced in the process. It’s impossible to establish a civil state without secularism. This is a simple formula for every man who analyzes people’s history, political theories and nations’ experiences. “If daylight needs proof, then there’s nothing to be understood.”

Pakistan reconsiders relations with Afghanistan to regain American aid

Huda al-Husseini/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
Like Syria, will Afghanistan become a battlefield for big powers, regional states, extremist groups and organizations? Apparently, the United States, Pakistan, Iran, India, and China are trying to increase their influence. The Taliban have recently issued a letter (dated 14 February 2018) to the American people demanding the withdrawal of the US and Western forces from Afghanistan as a precondition for peace because it considers itself — not the present government ruling from Kabul — as the legitimate representative of the Afghan people.
Trump’s peeve with Pakistan
On Saturday, Iran and India agreed to work together to combat extremism, terrorism and drug trafficking in Afghanistan. India promised to develop the Iranian port of Chabahar on the Gulf of Oman to secure access to Afghanistan by bypassing Pakistan, which refused to allow India to use it as a land route. It is clear that Pakistan remains the most important player on the map. Last week, US President Donald Trump announced that his administration would reject dialogue with the Afghan Taliban, which implies that the US will move militarily to ensure this plan. His comments came amid a wave of Taliban attacks on foreigners and civilians in Kabul. Washington has accused the Pakistan-backed Haqqani network, which has links to the Taliban and is known for its criminality, for being behind these operations. By offering limited support to the Taliban, Iran is hitting two birds with one stone: creating a barrier against ISIS and preventing America from using Afghanistan as a base against Iran. For a long time, Washington and Kabul have accused Islamabad of providing the Taliban and its followers safe havens to plan such attacks. US-Pakistani relations deteriorated under the Trump administration, when the US president cut off all military aid, and Pakistan in turn accused Washington and Kabul of not doing enough to destroy the safe havens of the Pakistani Taliban in eastern Afghanistan.
Since the withdrawal of most international forces by the end of 2014, the Kabul government and the Afghan security forces have been unable to prevent Taliban operations, or stall their expanding presence in the country. Meanwhile, a large number of other armed groups have disrupted government services and worsened the suffering of civilians. According to a recent study, the Taliban currently exercises control over four per cent of Afghan territory and has an active presence in all provinces of the country.
Its campaign seeks to discredit the government and wean new followers. The latest UN figures show that more than 8,500 Afghan civilians were killed or wounded during the first three quarters of 2017. In response to President Trump’s orders to increase US forces, air strikes and other assistance to Afghan forces last year, the Taliban carried out a series of terrorist attacks, against the “policy of American aggression”, but Washington confirms that its policy will remain in place until the Taliban or important elements realize there is no military solution to the civil war in Afghanistan.
The head of Afghan intelligence services has visited Pakistan to share information about what Kabul claims to be documentary evidence and telephone records linking individuals and groups in Pakistan to recent attacks on the Afghan capital. It is unlikely that these new developments will change what is going on in the mindset of the Pakistani establishment, but it will help build an international Afghan situation and enforce the idea that Pakistan supports terrorist groups. As the diplomatic situation deteriorates, US air strikes on the Pakistani side of the Afghan border cannot be ruled out.
One of the first Trump tweets of this year reads as follows “America has enthusiastically provided Pakistan with more than $33 billion in aid over the past 15 years. In return, the latter has given us nothing but lies and deception”. Washington had previously complained about Islamabad, but Trump was the first to fully freeze US aid; a move that surprised Pakistan, who in turn protested and cited the sacrifices it had made as a front in the fight against terrorism.
Pakistan’s predicament
Putting a freeze on US aid will have a big impact on Pakistan. The Pakistani military requires US training, equipment and partnership, and the civilian political leadership requires Washington to ensure that it remains in power against a strong army. There is speculation that Pakistan will look for ways to restore normalcy with Washington as soon as possible. Despite the heated statements of political leaders in the two countries, the growing hostility between Washington and Islamabad has not reflected on their relations yet. The US and Pakistan officials continue to meet and cooperate at all levels of government, despite President Trump’s suspension of $ 1.1 billion in aid last January. Several South Asian political analysts agree that Pakistan’s policy of secretly supporting armed groups such as the Haqqani network or the Afghan Taliban will not change because of a halt in aid. Strong elements of the military still control Pakistan’s foreign policy and they believe in maintaining close ties with the Afghan Taliban and its armed allies especially as these groups are hostile to India. On the other hand, according to a former senior official of the ISI, Pakistan had no control over the Haqqani network from the beginning. It had created a perception that it was the one controlling the security situation in Afghanistan, which scared American officials, while the truth is that the ISI is weak and suffers from a lack of resources like any other Pakistani government administration. A former security official was quoted as saying that his country has become a victim of a network of lies that it can neither recognize nor deny: “We are cursed if we act and cursed if we don’t act,” adding that “Pakistan’s political and military elite see relations with Washington as the best possible choice; therefore, despite the tension, things have to stabilize, as always”.
Iran and the Taliban
On September 8 of last year, Afghanistan’s chief of staff Lieutenant General Mohammad Yafatali said that Iran was providing military equipment and other forms of support to the Taliban in Afghanistan. His superiors in the defense ministry quickly said that his statements were changed and he had been misrepresented. Nevertheless, the US and Afghan officials believe that Iran is quietly working to intensify its covert efforts in Afghanistan to destabilize and keep America mired in its longest wars.
Iran shares a long land border with Afghanistan and enjoys trade ties with many of its western provinces, which are quite far from Kabul. By offering limited support to the Taliban, Iran is hitting two birds with one stone: creating a barrier against ISIS and preventing America from using Afghanistan as a base against Iran. A Taliban fighter told the Wall Street Journal in 2015 that “Iran is providing us with everything we need”. In the end, the Taliban will continue its operations targeting Kabul and other urban areas this year. A British politician told me that since the end of World War II, most of the world’s civil wars have ended in seven to 12 years, but foreign intervention tends to prolong the fighting. Afghanistan has been the subject of American, Soviet, Indian, Pakistani and Chinese intervention since the fighting broke out in 1978. But only the military component or the negotiated peace element can end the violence there. The problem is that both sides believe that military victory is possible, especially after President Trump changed his mind about Afghanistan. In its message to the American people, the Taliban expressed that it is the legitimate government of Afghanistan; therefore, it is inevitable that conflict and terrorist operations will increase during the Trump presidency. The Taliban hopes that the next US president will have to withdraw US combat troops, so that it can repeat its deadly 1996 march to Kabul.
But, what if President Trump wins a second term?

How the civilized caused eastern Ghouta crime
Mashari Althaydi/Al Arabiyia/February 23/18
What has happened and is happening in eastern Ghouta in Damascus is a crime against humanity and a “stamp of shame on all of humankind”, as the Lebanese Christian politician, Samir Geagea, said. In his last statement, Geagea said: “Whatever the reasons, arguments or excuses are, nothing justifies the killing of innocent civilians (in large numbers) beyond imagination with heavy weaponry and with this insistence .”He called for an international military intervention to stop the massacre, because spoken statement are of no use. Their excuse is that they need to drive out terrorists from Ghouta, but what greater terror is there than killing masses of people blindly. A forward-thinking stance from an Arab political figure in light of the let down from some Arabs. They ignore the publicized deaths of thousands of civilians, including old men, women and children, by Russian planes, Bashar’s raids and Nasrallah’s guns like mute devils.
A major crime that will be recorded in the name of Russia, the Assad regime and all those who involved with them.
Ghouta and terrorism
The excuse they use is that they need to drive out the terrorists from Ghouta, but what greater terror is there than killing masses of people blindly, Geagea asked. I say, yes, there are terrorist activities carried out by al-Qaeda factions like Tahrir al-Sham and the Corps of Rahman although the latter agreed to reduce activity in Russian escalation zones, however, they are now getting more escalation than ever from Russian planes. Yes, these factions exist but there is also Jaysh al-Islam which was founded by Zahran Alloush in 2013. He died in 2015 due to a Russian air raid. This ‘Islamic’ faction, made up of people from rural Damascus, is now part of the Syrian opposition who are negotiating in Geneva and other places. Zahran’s brother, Mohammed Alloush, a Syrian leader in the negotiating delegation, has battled ISIS and was almost assassinated by them several times. Alloush faction also have clear disagreements with Tahrir al-Sham, who are considered part of al-Qaeda.
No way out
To be honest, even if the fighters in Ghouta were all followers of Ibrahim Hanano, or Sultan al-Atrash or Saleh al-Ali, they would not have been able to escape Khamenei’s militia, Russia’s planes and Assad’s raids. The Russian goal is to eliminate all of Bashar’s opposition, and enable him to control the people and the country. Everyone who fights Bashar is a terrorist, and everyone who fights with his is civilized. Again, we do not support all those who take up arms against Bashar, as among them are terrorists and warmongers, but all of these do not override the clear truth: that the Syrian war has killed almost half a million people, and displaced about 10 million with Bashar’s blessings and all those who support him. But the people of Ghouta, there’s no remorse for them.