LCCC ENGLISH DAILY NEWS BULLETIN
May 19/2019
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani

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Bible Quotations For today
Very truly I tell you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life and will not be judged but has crossed over from death to life
John 05/24-30/: “Very truly I tell you, whoever hears my word and believes him who sent me has eternal life and will not be judged but has crossed over from death to life. Very truly I tell you, a time is coming and has now come when the dead will hear the voice of the Son of God and those who hear will live. For as the Father has life in himself, so he has granted the Son also to have life in himself. And he has given him authority to judge because he is the Son of Man. “Do not be amazed at this, for a time is coming when all who are in their graves will hear his voice and come out—those who have done what is good will rise to live, and those who have done what is evil will rise to be condemned. By myself I can do nothing; I judge only as I hear, and my judgment is just, for I seek not to please myself but him who sent me.

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News published on May 18-19/19
France warns Hizballah to stay clear of possible US-Iran war
Washington to Facilitate Lebanese-Israeli Talks to Demarcate Sea Border
Lebanon’s Judges to Escalate over Austerity Measures
Bechara Asmar Caught Making Fun of Late Patriarch in Viral Video
Vast Condemnation after Beshara Asmar Caught Mocking Late Patriarch Sfeir
Maronite Patriarchate: Bkirki's Doors to Remain Closed to Asmar Until He Atones for Sin
Rahi condemns remarks on Sfeir, says Bkerki doors closed to GLC Head until he makes amends
Bechara Asmar Arrested over Leaked Video
Labor Unions Suspend Membership Following Asmar's Insulting Comments
Kataeb Labor Affairs Department Denounces Asmar's Insolence
Maronite League cancels GLC Head membership
One Man Wounded in Ain el-Hilweh Dispute
Bassil: We Insist on a Better Budget Even If It Takes Time

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on May 18-19/19

First tentative US-Iranian talks don’t promise easing of war tensions
Iraqi Airways Flights to Damascus Postponed Indefinitely
Washington Issues Warning to Airlines Flying over Gulf
Exxon Mobil Evacuates Foreign Staff from Iraq’s West Qurna Oilfield
Bahrain asks its citizens in Iran, Iraq to leave immediately on safety concerns
Gulf states approve redeployment of US forces in the region
Once Again, Iraq Caught up in Tensions between US and Iran
UAE’s Gargash: Western countries agree on Iran being a disruptive force
IRGC chief: We are in full intelligence war with America
US issues warning to airlines flying over Gulf region
Sudan army rulers say talks with protesters to resume Sunday
 EU Extends Sanctions Against Syria Regime
Algeria: Anti-Government Protesters Flood Streets, Jump on Police Vans
Syria Air Defenses Intercept Israeli Projectiles
Syria reports second Israeli attack in a row on Saturday
Trump: U.S. Has Agreed to Drop Steel, Aluminum Tariffs with Canada, Mexico
After the Moon, People on Mars by 2033...Or 2060
Australian PM Morrison celebrates stunning win

Titles For The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on May 18-19/19
First tentative US-Iranian talks don’t promise easing of war tensions/Debka File/May 18/2019
Analysis/As Tensions Rise Between U.S. and Iran, Each Side Is Waiting for the Other to Blink/Zvi Bar’el/Haaretz/May 18/2019
The Inevitable Clash With Iran/Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/
Preventing Iran from War/Salman Al-dossary/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/
Tehran Apologists Should Change their Tune/Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019
Turkey: Many Celebrate the Burning of the Cathedral of Notre Dame/Uzay Bulut/Gatestone Institute/May 18/2019
War With Iran? Count Us Out, Europe Says/Steven Erlanger, NYT/May 18/2019
Pick up the phone, Rouhani/Faisal J. Abbas/Arab News/May 18/2019

Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News published on May 18-19/19
France warns Hizballah to stay clear of possible US-Iran war
Debka File/May 18/2019/French Ambassador to Lebanon Bruno Foucher warned Hizballah on Saturday not to participate in a possible war between the United States and Iran. “Hezbollah is in touch with Iran and the party knows how dangerous the situation is. This is why we want Hizballah to be alert against being involved in a reaction that would put Lebanon in danger,” he told a local paper.

Washington to Facilitate Lebanese-Israeli Talks to Demarcate Sea Border
Beirut - Khalil Fleihan/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/The United States agreed to Lebanon’s request to facilitate talks with Israel to solve a maritime border dispute between the two countries as they seek to exploit their offshore oil and gas wealth. Washington has dispatched US Acting Assistant Secretary of State David Satterfield to Beirut, where he presented himself to officials as a “facilitator,” not a “mediator”, in the dispute. A Lebanese ambassador, who participated in the peace talks held in Madrid, explained to Asharq Al-Awsat the difference between the two terms. “A facilitator is someone who helps parties find a solution to their disputes or prevent a conflict before it happens,” he said. The facilitator is not a principle part of the negotiations and he should remain completely neutral, similar to a mediator, he explained. An official, who met Satterfield in Beirut, said Friday that he expected the US official’s role to be more than a facilitator in light of Tel Aviv’s violations in the exclusive economic zone between Lebanon and Israel. “Israel occupies parts of Lebanese territories by the force of arms and it tried to steal a large quantity of gas from that area,” the official said. “We have to wait for the outcome of Satterfield’s talks with Tel Aviv and accordingly, we will know if Israel accepts the negotiation mechanism suggested by Lebanon in that regard,” the official said. Beirut proposed that negotiations with Tel Aviv be held under the patronage of the UN and supervision of the US, similar to the demarcation of the land border. In a related development, Lebanese officials asked Satterfield whether the US would include Lebanon in any possible military attacks against Hezbollah in wake of the mounting tensions with Iran. However, the US official failed to offer clear replies regarding these inquiries.

Lebanon’s Judges to Escalate over Austerity Measures

Beirut - Youssef Diab/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/Relations between Lebanon’s executive and judicial branches reached on Friday a new stage of complexity after judges insisted to challenge the government, which is determined to cut their benefits and reduce their hospitalization and education allowances. The judges said Friday they will keep the strike they started four weeks ago, insisting that it will be open-ended. Their decision means that thousands of judicial cases will remain frozen unless the government omits the cuts of benefits for the judiciary in the 2019 austerity budget that it is set to adopt. The suspension of trials would deprive the treasury from huge revenues. More than 300 judges met Friday in the Court of Cassation at the Justice Palace in Beirut, where the Higher Judicial Council briefed conferees on the outcome of the recent contacts with the legislative and executive authorities. No statement was issued following Friday’s meeting, however, judicial sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the judges agreed not to relinquish their demands and to take escalatory measures over the government’s failure to deal with the judiciary as an independent body. “This job is no longer tempting to many judges, who pay high transportation fees by moving from one governorate to another, and incur the moral and physical hardship without anything in return,” the sources said. Only one quarter of judges are functional in the country, after the majority of them decided to suspend their work in light of the government’s proposals to cut their benefits. “Many judges now feel that their social security is in real threat,” the source said, demanding that the judicial authority in Lebanon remains independent from the executive authority.

Bechara Asmar Caught Making Fun of Late Patriarch in Viral Video
Kataeb.org/ Saturday 18th May 2019/A video showing the head of the General Confederation of Lebanese Workers, Bechara Asmar, mocking the late Patriarch Emeritus Nasrallah Sfeir went viral on Friday, sparking widespread condemnation. Unaware that his microphone was on before a news conference, Asmar was heard joking with people sitting alongside him, making fun of the venerable patriarch one day before he was laid to rest. "This one has become a saint now! I kept praying all night [to him] asking that hair would grow again on my bald head," Asmar said mockingly. Father Abdo Abu Kasem, the head of the Catholic Media Center, lashed out at Asmar, slamming his "decadent" remarks. "When someone talks disdainfully about a great man like Patriarch Sfeir, then he doesn't deserve to remain in his position," Abu Kasem said, adding that it would be purposeless for Asmar to make an apology, or to justify what he said as a mere joke or a slip of the tongue. Several lawmakers, the Maronite League, the Maronite Diaspora Institute, the Future Movement, and many others condemned Asmar's behavior, demanding that he would be arrested and removed from his post.

Vast Condemnation after Beshara Asmar Caught Mocking Late Patriarch Sfeir
Naharnet/May 18/2019/The insulting remarks made by the head of the General Confederation of Lebanese Workers Beshara al-Asmar about late patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir sparked wide nation condemnation calling for his detention. “Asmar was summoned for interrogation for insulting Patriarch Sfeir,” according to LBCI TV station on Saturday quoting unnamed sources. Justice Minister Albert Serhan said “the Central Criminal Investigation Department was instructed to initiate investigations to build on the matter.”Serhan denounced the insulting remarks against a “great national and religious establishment, such as the late Maronite Patriarch Mar Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir.”A video went viral on social media on Friday showing Asmar mocking Sfeir shortly before a televised press conference began. Asmar was unaware his microphone was on before the conference. Several deputies, the Progressive Socialist Party, al-Mustaqbal Movement, the Maronite League and many others condemned Asmar’s remarks demanding that he would be removed from his post and detained.

Maronite Patriarchate: Bkirki's Doors to Remain Closed to Asmar Until He Atones for Sin
Kataeb.org/Saturday 18th May 2019/Maronite Patriarch Bechara Al-Rahi on Saturday utterly condemned the insulting comments made by the head of the General Confederation against Bechara Asmar against the late Patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir, announcing that the doors of the Maronite Patriarchate will remain closed to Asmar until he "atones for his sin".In a statement issued by his media office, the patriarch shored up the reactions that followed the video leak, supporting calls for the resignation of Asmar from his post. "The comments render the person who said them ineligible for a public service post and compel him to apologize to the soul of the late Cardinal and to all the Lebanese who were hurt by his behavior," the statement stressed.

Rahi condemns remarks on Sfeir, says Bkerki doors closed to GLC Head until he makes amends
Sat 18 May 2019/NNA - Maronite Patriarch Beshara Rahi sternly condemned on Saturday the offensive remarks recently made by the head of the General Labor Confederation, Beshara Asmar, on late Cardinal Mar Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. In a statement issued by Bkerki's press office, the Patriarch welcomed the swift mobilization of the state prosecution. "Such comments automatically disqualify their author from assuming responsibilities relevant to public affairs," Rahi said. He added that the doors of Bkerki would remain closed to Asmar until "he makes amends for his sin."

Bechara Asmar Arrested over Leaked Video
Kataeb.org/Saturday 18th May 2019/Justice Minister Albert Serhan said on Saturday that he’s been following up on the case with Acting Public Prosecutor Imad Qabalan, adding that the latter informed him that Asmar has been arrested and investigations are still ongoing. According to New TV, Qabalan decided to arrest Asmar after hearing his testimony on the leaked video showing him mocking the late Patriarch Emeritus Nasrallah Sfeir.

Labor Unions Suspend Membership Following Asmar's Insulting Comments

Kataeb.org/Saturday 18th May 2019/Following the uproar that the insulting comments made by the head of the General Confederation of Lebanese Workers, Bechara Asmar, against late Patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir have caused, reactions started to escalate as several labor unions suspended its membership in the confederation. Head of the Independent Syndical Union, Georges al-Alam, announced that ten unions are suspending their membership to protest the brazen offence and to pressure the resignation of Asmar. Asmar has been summoned for interrogation, LBCI channel reported.

Kataeb Labor Affairs Department Denounces Asmar's Insolence
Kataeb.org/Saturday 18th May 2019/The Kataeb party's Labor Affairs Department on Saturday condemned the insulting comments made by the head of the Confederation of Lebanese Workers Bechara Asmar against the late Patriarch Nasrallah Sfeir, blasting insolence towards national and spiritual icons.
The department called on Asmar to take responsibility for his behavior and to take the widespread uproar that his comments have sparked into consideration when deciding his next move. Asmar must act in a way that preserves the labor struggle, safeguards the unity of the confederation and maintains the trust that Lebanon's workers have accorded to the union.

Maronite League cancels GLC Head membership
Sat 18 May 2019/NNA - The Maronite League on Saturday decided to cancel the membership of Head of the General Labor Confederation, Beshara Asmar, as well as to sue him over his remarks insulting late patriarch Cardinal Mar Nasrallah Boutros Sfeir. The decision was taken unanimously during an urgent meeting for the League's executive board, called forth by its president, former lawmaker Neemtallah Abi Nasr. The League also called to cease circulating the leaked footage where Asmar can be heard offending the late prelate.

One Man Wounded in Ain el-Hilweh Dispute
Naharnet/May 18/2019/A man was injured when a personal dispute accompanied by gunfire erupted at the southern Palestinian refugee camp of Ain el-Hilweh in Sidon, the National News Agency reported on Saturday. “A personal dispute where sharp tools were used erupted at the camp. One person of al-Awad family sustained a knife stab to his neck. Afterwards, two men on their motorcycle started firing gunshots in the direction of al-Braxat neighborhood,” said NNA. Such incidents are common in Ain el-Hilweh, the largest of Lebanon's 12 Palestinian refugee camps. By long-standing convention, the Lebanese army does not enter the Palestinian camps in the country, leaving the Palestinian factions themselves to handle security.That has created lawless areas in many camps, and Ain el-Hilweh has gained notoriety as a refuge for extremists and fugitives.

Bassil: We Insist on a Better Budget Even If It Takes Time
Naharnet/May 18/2019/Foreign Minister Jebran Bassil on Saturday began a tour in North Lebanon where he was welcomed by Minister of Justice Albert Serhan, Deputy George Atallah and by crowds of citizens and supporters. “We are working to launch the reform through the state budget,” said Bassil, and referred to the suggestions he made during a Cabinet meeting on Friday which he said his bloc “insists on” in order to “end up with a better budget.”“We insist to come up with a better budget even if it takes time,” he said. On criticisms that he is delaying the approval of the budget, Bassil said: “They accuse us of delaying the budget because they want a normal one. They actually agree with our suggestions but prefer postponement.” Bassil made suggestions during the Cabinet session which reportedly infuriated Finance Minister Ali Hassan Khalil at the end of the session expressing his dismay over having to repeat the draft budget several times. Bassil reportedly suggested lowering the prices of Middle East Airlines tickets by 30% to “encourage tourists and boost tourism.”He also suggested that revenues from some of the airport's activities go to the treasury rather than to MEA.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on May 18-19/19
King Salman convenes summit of Gulf and Arab states
Arab News/May 18/2019/RIYADH: Saudi Arabia's King Salman has called for the convening of two summits of Gulf and Arab states to be held on May 30 in Makkah. The meeting will be held in conjunction with the upcoming Islamic Summit. According to a Ministry of Foreign Affairs statement, King Salman has sent an invitation to the leaders of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and leaders of other Arab countries to two summits to discuss the recent attacks by the Iranian-backed Houthis in the UAE and on Saudi Arabia's oil pipelines and their repercussions on the region. “The attack on ships in the territorial waters of the United Arab Emirates and the terrorist-backed Iran-backed Houthi militias’ attack on two oil pumping stations in the Kingdom have serious implications for regional and international peace and security and for the supply and stability of world oil markets,” the foreign ministry said in a statement carried by the Saudi Press Agency.

First tentative US-Iranian talks don’t promise easing of war tensions
Debka File/May 18/2019
Both the US and Iran appear for now to be holding back from a direct military confrontation, judging from the comments heard on all sides. On Tuesday, May 14, US President Donald Trump said: “We don’t want a war with Iran.” The next day, supreme leader Ayatollah Ali Khamenei said: “The Iranian nation has chosen the path of resistance.” The most revealing comment came on Friday, May 17, from Qatar’s Foreign Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman Al Thani after a visit to Tehran: “A red desk should be set up in Iraq or Qatar with officials from the two sides… to manage tensions.”
All these remarks confirm the suspicion that American and Iranian officials are already in secret conversation in Baghdad or in Doha, although engaged in nothing more than a start on “talks about talks” – a far cry from ordering a slowdown of their threatening military movements. Therefore, flareups are still on the cards, including such incidents as the presumed Israeli air or missile strike on Iranian and Hizballah sites south of Damascus on Friday night, May 17. It may be taken for granted that Israel would have cleared with Washington in advance any attack on Iranian targets in Syria.
Even if US and Iranian officials achieve enough progress in their preliminary talks to lift the war clouds hanging over the Middle East, they would still face major hurdles on the path to negotiations on the substantive subjects at issue. The easing of crippling US sanctions will top Iran’s agenda, as it has for Kim Jong-un after his two summits with President Donald Trump, and also most likely for President Vladimir Putin when he met Secretary of State Mike Pompeo in Sochi last Tuesday, although the trade war with China takes place on a different plane.
Up until now, Trump has stuck fast to sanctions as the most powerful weapon in his foreign policy toolbox with regard to Iran, North Korea, China and Russian, in the hope that one of those powers will blink first and the others will follow. That has still not happened.
Trump confronts Tehran with his tallest order: Halt malign meddling in the affairs of Middle East nations, especially, Syria, Lebanon and Yemen; give up your nuclear weapons and ballistic missile development programs; and return to the table for talks on a revised nuclear pact. However, although the sanctions against Iran are harsh, Khamenei is a tough survivor and confident enough to believe that he can outlast his adversary in the White House.

Iraqi Airways Flights to Damascus Postponed Indefinitely
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/Iraqi Airways flights to Damascus expected for the first time since the war erupted in 2011 have been postponed indefinitely. Syria's transport ministry said the two flights scheduled for Saturday were postponed because of administrative issues between the Syrian Civil Aviation and Iraqi Airways. It gave no further details. The delay was relayed by the Iraqi embassy. Iraqi Airways announced Thursday it would resume flights, making it the first international company to announce plans to return to Damascus International Airport. Only Syrian Airlines remained operative at the airport, organizing some international flights.

Washington Issues Warning to Airlines Flying over Gulf

Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/The Federal Aviation Administration has warned US airlines flying over the Gulf to exercise caution "due to heightened military activities and increased political tensions in the region." The advisory, which also covers airspace over the Gulf of Oman, comes amid rising tensions between the US and Iran. Increased tensions in the region "present an increasing inadvertent risk to US civil aviation operations due to the potential for miscalculation or mis-identification,” said the FAA advisory released late Thursday. The regulator also warned that aircraft flying in the area could encounter "inadvertent GPS interference and communications jamming, which could occur with little to no warning." Washington has deployed the USS Abraham Lincoln and its carrier strike group, and B-52 bombers to the region against what it claims is an imminent threat from Tehran.President Donald Trump's administration has also ordered non-essential diplomatic staff out of Iraq, citing threats from Iranian-backed Iraqi armed groups.

Exxon Mobil Evacuates Foreign Staff from Iraq’s West Qurna Oilfield
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/Exxon Mobil has evacuated all of its foreign staff from Iraq's West Qurna 1 oilfield and is flying them out to Dubai, three sources told Reuters on Saturday. Production at the oilfield was not affected by the evacuation and work is continuing normally, overseen by Iraqi engineers, Iraqi oil officials said. "Production is managed by Iraqi engineers anyway, the foreigners are advisers. We have a closed circuit television link with them (foreign staff) and can communicate with them whenever we need," said an official at Iraq's South Oil Company. Staff were evacuated in several phases late on Friday and early on Saturday, either straight to Dubai or to the main camp housing foreign oil company employees in Basra province. Those in the camp were en route to the airport on Saturday morning, the three sources - an employee at a security company contracted by Exxon, an Iraqi oil official, and a staff member of a foreign oil company – said. "Last night 28 employees were evacuated to the airport and the rest were sent to the camp. This morning they were evacuated to the airport and no (foreign) staff remain in the field," said a private security company official who oversaw the evacuation. Days of saber rattling between Washington and Tehran have heightened tensions in the region amid concerns about a potential US-Iran conflict. Iraqi Foreign Minister Mohammed Ali Al-Hakim said his country should stay away from conflict, adding that efforts should be exerted to avoid "tensions and escalation" in the Middle East. He made his comments in Britain on Friday during a meeting with Foreign Secretary Jeremy Hunt, according to a statement released by the office of the Iraqi official. Hakim said Iraq's point of view is that any moves could escalate the situation in the region. The United States on Wednesday pulled non-emergency staff members from its embassy in the Iraqi capital Baghdad out of apparent concern about perceived threats from neighboring Iran, to which Iraqi militias are allied. Washington has increased economic sanctions and built up its military presence in the region, accusing Iran of threats to US troops and interests. Tehran has described those steps as "psychological warfare" and a "political game".

Bahrain asks its citizens in Iran, Iraq to leave immediately on safety concerns
Staff writer, Al Arabiya English/Saturday, 18 May 2019/US-allied Bahrain warned its citizens on Saturday against travel to Iraq and Iran and asked those already there to return “immediately” for their safety, state news agency BNA said. The Bahrain foreign ministry cited, “unstable regional circumstances, dangerous developments and potential threats,” according to BNA. The warning comes amid simmering tensions between the United States and Iran. Washington on Wednesday pulled non-emergency staff members from its embassy in the Iraqi capital Baghdad out of apparent concern about perceived threats from neighboring Iran, to which Iraqi Shiite militias are allied. Earlier on Saturday Exxon evacuated its foreign staff from an Iraqi oilfield.

Gulf states approve redeployment of US forces in the region
Staff writer, Al Arabiya English/Saturday, 18 May 2019/A number of Gulf states, including Saudi Arabia, have approved Washington’s request to redeploy US forces in Arabian Gulf waters and territories to thwart possible Iranian attacks in the region, informed Gulf sources told Asharq al-Awsat. The sources said the redeployment of US forces in the Gulf states was part of joint US-Gulf efforts to deter Iran from any military escalation, with the aim of further building cooperation between American and Gulf military forces. Such measures would protect the energy supply and prevent Iran from disrupting maritime traffic in that region, they added. The sources said the approval of Gulf states on the redeployment was based on bilateral agreements. “Saudi Arabia and the rest of GCC states do not wish to start a war with Iran, but they want to send a strong message to Tehran that it cannot cross the red line by continuing to provoke forces operating in the Arabian Gulf,” the sources told Asharq Al-Awsat on Friday. The source said the Kingdom does not wish to engage in a war with Tehran, yet Riyadh is capable of protecting its territories from any aggression. Washington has sent its aircraft carrier USS Abraham Lincoln to the Arabian Gulf. The development comes as four commercial vessels, including two Saudi oil tankers, were sabotaged near the UAE's emirate of Fujairah.

Once Again, Iraq Caught up in Tensions between US and Iran
Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/When US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo sat down with Iraqi officials in Baghdad last week as tensions mounted between America and Iran, he delivered a nuanced message: If you're not going to stand with us, stand aside. The message, relayed to The Associated Press by two Iraqi government officials, underscores Iraq's delicate position: Its government is allied with both sides of an increasingly contentious confrontation. As tensions escalate, there are concerns that Baghdad could once again get caught in the middle, just as it is on the path to recovery. The country hosts more than 5,000 US troops, and is home to Iranian-backed militias, some of whom want those US forces to leave. "The big question is how Iraqi leaders will deal with (their) national interests in a country where loyalty to external powers is widespread at the expense of their own nation," Iraqi political analyst Watheq al-Hashimi said. "If the state cannot put these (Iranian-backed militias) under control, Iraq will become an arena for an Iranian-American armed conflict."Despite a series of provocative moves on both sides, President Donald Trump has said he doesn't want a war with Iran and has even said he is open to dialogue. But tension remains high, in part given the region's fraught history.
For Iraq to be a theater for proxy wars is not new. During America's eight-year military presence that began with the 2003 invasion of Iraq, US troops and Iranian-backed militiamen fought pitched battles around the country, and scores of US troops were killed or wounded by the militia forces armed with sophisticated Iranian-made weapons, said the AP. American forces withdrew from Iraq in 2011 but returned in 2014 at the invitation of Iraq to help battle the ISIS group after it seized vast areas in the north and west of the country, including Iraq's second-largest city, Mosul. A US-led coalition provided crucial air support as Iraqi forces regrouped and drove ISIS out in a costly three-year campaign. Iranian-backed militias fought alongside US-backed Iraqi troops against ISIS, gaining influence and power.
Now, amid an escalating conflict between the US and Iran, Iraq is once again vulnerable to becoming caught up in the power play. An attack targeting US interests in Iraq would be detrimental to the country's recent efforts at recovering and reclaiming its status in the Arab world. Earlier this year, Trump provoked outrage in Baghdad when he said he wanted US troops to stay in Iraq so they can "watch Iran," suggesting a changing mission for American troops there. On May 8, Pompeo made a lightning, previously unannounced trip to the Iraqi capital following the abrupt cancellation of a visit to Germany, and as the United States had been picking up intelligence that Iran is threatening American interests in the Middle East. The two Iraqi officials said Pompeo relayed intelligence information the US had received about a threat to US forces in Iraq — but kept it vague. They said he did not specify the nature of the threat. The officials, speaking on condition of anonymity to divulge confidential information, said Pompeo told the Iraqis that America did not expect them to side with the US in any confrontation with Iran, but that they should not side against America. In other words, stand aside.
A few days later, as US-Iranian tensions continued to rise, the State Department ordered all non-essential, non-emergency government staff to leave the country.
US officials said Pompeo told the Iraqis the US had an "inherent right to self-defense" and would use it if US personnel, facilities or interests are attacked by Iran or its proxies in Iraq or anywhere else. The three officials, who were not authorized to publicly discuss the private meetings in Baghdad and spoke on condition of anonymity, said Pompeo was not contemplating any preemptive strikes on Iran or the use of Iraqi territory to stage military operations against Iran. Pompeo's message, the officials said, was that the US wants to avoid conflict but would respond or defend itself if necessary, reported the AP.
The secretary told reporters on the flight that his meetings with Iraq's president and prime minister were intended to demonstrate US support for "a sovereign, independent" Iraq, free from the influence of neighboring Iran. Pompeo also said he wanted to underscore Iraq's need to protect Americans in their country.
A general at Iraq's Defense Ministry said Iraq was taking precautionary security measures in light of the information about threats against US interests, although those measures have not reached the highest levels. "Iraqi forces are worried that American forces could be targeted by factions loyal to Iran," said the official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because he was not authorized to speak to the media. He added that any attack on US troops could come as retaliation if the United States were to carry out a military operation against Iran.
The heightened tensions between Iran and the US come a year after Trump pulled America out of Tehran's nuclear deal with world powers and as the White House ordered an aircraft carrier and bombers into the region over a still-unexplained threat from Iran. On Sunday, the United Arab Emirates said that four oil tankers off its eastern coast were targeted by sabotage. On Tuesday, Yemen's Iran-allied Houthi militias said they launched seven drones to target Saudi Arabia. The drones stuck pumping stations along the Kingdom's crucial East-West Pipeline, causing minor damage, Saudi officials say.
On the streets of Baghdad, some shrugged off the rising tensions while others worried their country could be sucked into another war. Aqil Rubaei said he was worried that his country, which has been at war since a year before he was born, will be the place where the US and Iran will settle their accounts. The 38-year-old was born in 1981, a year after Iran and Iraq began their eight-year war and was 9 years old when Saddam Hussein's forces invaded Kuwait leading to a destructive war that forced Iraq out of Kuwait and 13 years of crippling sanctions.
In 2003, the US invaded and removed Saddam, leading to the rise of extremist groups that culminated in 2014 with the ISIS group capturing large parts of Iraq and Syria and declaring a so-called caliphate. The war that followed left entire Iraqi cities and towns destroyed until Iraq declared victory in 2017.
"Iraqi people are fed up with war," said Rubaei inside his cosmetics shop in Baghdad's Karrada neighborhood. "We don't want Iraq to become an arena for an Iranian-American war."

UAE’s Gargash: Western countries agree on Iran being a disruptive force
Staff writer, Al Arabiya English/May 18/2019/Western countries agree there is a problem with Iran’s regional behavior, a UAE minister said, while adding that there were disagreements over approach. “I think it concerns us when we see that the West is speaking with different approaches. I think all these countries that you have mentioned agree that there is a problem with Iran's behavior. I think there's agreement across the board that Iran has been a disruptive force,” UAE’s Minister of State for Foreign Affairs Anwar Gargash told CNN during an interview on Thursday. The minister said the sabotage attack against four oil tankers last Sunday off the coast of Fujairah had come at a “sensitive and difficult period in the region.”“Clearly, we all have an interest at this time in de-escalating and dealing with things in a mature, rational way,” Gargash said. A confidential assessment issued this week by the Norwegian Shipowners’ Mutual War Risks Insurance Association (DNK) on Friday said that Iran’s Revolutionary Guards are “highly likely” to have facilitated attacks off Fujairah. Gargash said that the UAE is currently collaborating with France, the United States and others in probing what happened last Sunday. “So, in a few days, we should know what took place and what transpired. Clearly, this is a very, very serious incident because it affects maritime commerce,” he said.

IRGC chief: We are in full intelligence war with America
Debka File/May 18/2019/New Iranian Revolutionary Guards chief Maj. Gen. Hossein Salami was quoted as saying by Fars news agency on Saturday: “We are in a full intelligence war with the United States and the enemies of the Islamic Republic. This war is a combination of psychological warfare, cyber operations, military operations, diplomacy, fear, and intimidation.” He went on to say: “America has lost its power, and even though they look powerful, they are frail,” he said, adding: “In reality America’s story is the same as the story of the World Trade Center that collapsed suddenly with one strike.”

US issues warning to airlines flying over Gulf region

AFP, Washington/Saturday18 May 2019/The Federal Aviation Administration has warned US airlines flying over the Gulf to exercise caution “due to heightened military activities and increased political tensions in the region.”
The advisory, which also covers airspace over the Gulf of Oman, comes amid rising tensions between the US and Iran. Increased tensions in the region “present an increasing inadvertent risk to US civil aviation operations due to the potential for miscalculation or misidentification”, said the FAA advisory released late Thursday. The regulator also warned that aircraft flying in the area could encounter “inadvertent GPS interference and communications jamming, which could occur with little to no warning.” Washington has deployed an aircraft carrier group and B-52 bombers to the region against what it claims is an imminent threat from Tehran. President Donald Trump’s administration has also ordered non-essential diplomatic staff out of Iraq, citing threats from Iranian-backed Iraqi armed groups. The White House however has sent mixed signals in recent days, amid multiple US media reports of infighting in Trump’s cabinet over how hard to push Washington’s arch foe. According to US media reports, Trump’s long-hawkish national security advisor John Bolton is pushing a hard line on Iran, but others in the administration are resisting. The White House and Pentagon have been under pressure to demonstrate the reason for the huge buildup in forces and heightened rhetoric of the past two weeks. US coalition partners in Iraq had suggested earlier this week that the threat level there had not risen significantly, and members of Congress demanded to see the information behind the administration’s apparent preparation for possible conflict.

Sudan army rulers say talks with protesters to resume Sunday
AFP Saturday, 18 May 2019/Sudan’s army rulers announced talks will resume with protest leaders Sunday, four days after the generals suspended negotiations on implementing a civilian rule in the country. “The Transitional Military Council announces the resumption of negotiations with the Alliance for Freedom and Change on Sunday at the presidential palace,” the ruling army council said in a Saturday statement. Representatives from the UN, African Union and European powers “called for an immediate resumption of talks” between the two sides, said Tibor Nagy, the US assistant secretary of state for Africa. The army last month ousted longtime president Omar al-Bashir after months of mounting protests led by young people that were sparked by the high cost of bread. Protesters have remained camped out, saying that they want a rapid transition to democracy rather than continued military rule. The generals and protest leaders had been expected to come to an agreement on Wednesday on the thorniest issue – the make-up of a new body to govern Sudan for three years. But the head of the military council, Abdel Fattah al-Burhan, early Thursday announced a suspension of talks for 72 hours as he demanded that protesters dismantle roadblocks and open bridges and railway lines connecting the capital.

 EU Extends Sanctions Against Syria Regime
Brussels - Abdullah Mustafa/Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/The Council of the European Union has extended until June 1, 2020 sanctions imposed on the Syrian regime. The Council said in a statement, a copy of which was obtained by Asharq Al-Awsat, that the decision was in line with the EU strategy on Syria. “The EU decided to maintain its restrictive measures against the Syrian regime and its supporters as the repression of civilian population continues,” it said on Friday. “The Council also removed 5 deceased persons from the list, as well as one entity which ceased to exist and one entity for which there were no longer grounds to keep it under restrictive measures. The list now includes 270 persons and 70 entities targeted by a travel ban and an asset freeze for being responsible for the violent repression against the civilian population in Syria, benefiting from or supporting the regime, and/or being associated with such persons or entities,” said the statement. “More broadly, sanctions currently in place against Syria include an oil embargo, restrictions on certain investments, a freeze of the assets of the Syrian central bank held in the EU, export restrictions on equipment and technology that might be used for internal repression as well as on equipment and technology for the monitoring or interception of internet or telephone communications,” it added.EU sanctions were first imposed on December 1, 2011 and are subject to an annual review. “The EU remains committed to finding a lasting and credible political solution to the conflict in Syria as defined in the UN Security Council resolution 2254 and in the 2012 Geneva Communique,” said the Council.

Algeria: Anti-Government Protesters Flood Streets, Jump on Police Vans

Algiers- Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/Protesters flooded the streets of Algeria for the 13th straight Friday, climbing atop police vans that were blocking the main demonstration site in the capital in a bold show of defiance. Security forces earlier fired tear gas into the crowd in Algiers to keep them out of the central post office plaza, but lifted their barricades after protesters climbed onto the roofs of their vehicles. Tens of thousands of people came out in Algiers and other cities in the North African nation for a pro-democracy movement that started Feb. 22, despite the daylong fasting required by the Muslim holy month of Ramadan. They reiterated demands that Algeria's interim leader leave office and the country's July 4 presidential election be scrapped. Long-time former President Abdelaziz Bouteflika stepped down April 2, pressured by protests and the powerful army chief. The protests were triggered by Bouteflika's plan to seek a fifth term after 20 years in office despite a 2013 stroke after which he was rarely seen in public. Protesters now want other top officials, including interim President Abdelkader Bensalah, to leave office to ensure a new era for Algeria, which has been run since independence from France in 1962 by a generation that fought in the war. "The mobilization must continue," said sociologist Mohamed Henned. However, he added that there must be "political and institutional (structures) for this citizens' movement" to ensure success for the transitional phase they seek.
Army chief Ahmed Gaid Salah, who is also targeted by some protesters, has insisted on the need to hold a presidential vote on July 4, the date set by the interim leader, to respect the constitution.

Syria Air Defenses Intercept Israeli Projectiles
Agence France Presse/Naharnet/May 18/2019/Syrian air defense batteries on Friday intercepted projectiles coming from Israel and downed a number of them, the official news agency SANA reported. "Our air defense systems intercepted luminous objects coming from the occupied territories (Israel) and downed several of them," SANA said quoting a military source. A later report described the projectiles as "hostile targets" which were fired "towards the province of Quneitra" near the Golan Heights, parts of which are annexed by Israel. Earlier SANA reported a "loud explosion" around the capital Damascus. The Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights war monitor said "three explosions" shook southwest Damascus on Friday. "They were Israeli strikes that targeted the Kiswah region where weapons warehouses belonging to Iran and (its Lebanese proxy) Hezbollah are located," Observatory head Rami Abdel Rahman told AFP. Israel has carried out hundreds of air strikes in Syria, most of them against what it says are Iranian and Hezbollah targets. The latest report comes amid soaring tensions in the region between Israel's arch-foe Iran and the United States. The stand-off had been simmering since the United States last year withdrew from the 2015 nuclear treaty which Iran reached with major world powers. In recent days the US accused Iran of alleged threats and last week deployed an aircraft carrier group and B-52 bombers to the Gulf. In April, Syria said an Israeli air strike targeted a town in central Hama province north of Damascus, wounding three combatants and destroying buildings. State media at the time said Syrian air defenses intercepted "some of the Israeli missiles". In March, Syria accused Israel of having attacked targets just north of second city Aleppo, adding that it air defenses had shot down several missiles, after a string of Israeli raids in January. On January 12, 2019, Syrian air defenses shot down Israeli missiles targeting a transport ministry warehouse at the Damascus international airport, SANA reported at the time. Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu confirmed that strike and said Israel was "more determined than ever to act against Iran in Syria."Just over a week later Israel announced its Iron Dome aerial defense system had intercepted a rocket fired from Syria by the Iranian Revolutionary Guards' Quds Force. In response, Israeli fighter jets carried out further strikes inside Syria, targeting Iranian facilities and Syrian aerial defense batteries. The Observatory said that at least 21 people, mostly Iranians, were killed in the January raids. Israel insists that it has the right to continue to target positions in Syria held by Iran and its Lebanese ally Hezbollah. Netanyahu has vowed not to let Iran -- which backs Syrian President Bashar al-Assad -- entrench itself militarily in the war-torn country.

Syria reports second Israeli attack in a row on Saturday
Debka File/May 18/2019/Syria’s SANA reports that its air defense Saturday again targeted “projectiles” coming from “occupied territory” for the second night running – and again over Al Kisweh south of Damascus. Friday night, Israel reportedly struck the same location where Iranian Guards and Hizballah maintain missiles depots. Israel’s military declined to comment on the report.

Trump: U.S. Has Agreed to Drop Steel, Aluminum Tariffs with Canada, Mexico

Agence France Presse/Naharnet/May 18/2019/President Donald Trump on Friday announced an end to steel and aluminum tariffs with Canada and Mexico. "We just reached an agreement with Canada and Mexico… (to trade) without the imposition of tariffs or major tariffs," he told a property dealers' conference in Washington.

After the Moon, People on Mars by 2033...Or 2060
Washington- Asharq Al-Awsat/Saturday, 18 May, 2019/On December 11, 2017, US President Donald Trump signed a directive ordering NASA to prepare to return astronauts to the Moon "followed by human missions to Mars and other destinations."The dates fixed by the space agency are 2024 for the Moon and Mars in 2033, but according to experts and industry insiders, reaching the Red Planet by then is highly improbable barring a Herculean effort on the scale of the Apollo program in the 1960s. "The Moon is the proving ground for our eventual mission to Mars," NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine said at a conference this week. "The Moon is our path to get to Mars in the fastest, safest way possible. That's why we go to the Moon." According to Robert Howard, who heads up the lab developing future space habitats at the legendary Johnson Space Center in Houston, the hurdles aren't so much technical or scientific as much as a question of budget and political will. "A lot of people want us to have an Apollo moment, and have a president stand up like Kennedy and say, we've got to do it and the entire country comes together," he said. "If that happened, I would actually say 2027. But I don't think that's going to happen. I think in our current approach, we are going to be lucky to do it by the 2037 date."But Howard said if he were to be pessimistic, and assume political dithering lay ahead, "it could be the 2060s." From the design, manufacture, and testing of the rockets and spaceships required to learning the best way to grow lettuce: all the groundwork remains to be done. Just getting there will take six months at least, as opposed to three days to the Moon. The whole mission could take two years, since Mars and the Earth are closest to each other every 26 months, a window that must be taken. Key tasks include finding a way to shield astronauts from prolonged exposure to solar and cosmic radiation, said Julie Robinson, NASA's chief scientist for the International Space Station. "A second is our food system," she added. The current plant system ideas "are not packageable, portable or small enough to take to Mars."
And then there's the question of dealing with medical emergencies: astronauts will need to be able to treat themselves in case of any accidents. "I actually think a big deal is the suits," added Jennifer Heldman, a NASA planetary scientist. One of the major gripes of the Apollo astronauts was their gloves, which were too inflated and prevented them from doing dexterous work. NASA is developing a new suit, the first in forty years, called xEMU, but it won't be ready for its first outing in the International Space Station for a few more years. On Mars, dust will be even more of a problem than on the Moon. The Apollo astronauts returned with huge amounts of lunar dust in their modules. Keeping it out of habitats will be critical for a mission that involves spending months on the Red Planet. Techniques to exploit Martian resources to extract water, oxygen and fuel necessary for humans to live there don't yet exist -- and must be tested on the Moon by the end of this decade. Finally there's the most fundamental question: how will a group of people cope with the psychological stress of being totally isolated for two years? It won't be possible to communicate in real time with Houston mission control: radio communications will take between four and 24 minutes between the planets, one-way. NASA plans to test out delayed-communication exercises on board the ISS in the coming years. Artificial intelligence must also be developed to assist and guide the astronauts. A researcher commissioned by NASA to study the likelihood of getting to Mars by 2033 concluded the objective was "infeasible." "It isn't just budget," said Bhavya Lal of the Science and Technology Policy Institute. "It's also organization bandwidth, how many things can NASA do at the same time?"For Lal, the more realistic timeframe was 2039.

Australian PM Morrison celebrates stunning win

Debka File/May 18/2019/After 70pc of the votes counted, Prime Minister Conservative leader Scott Morrison was seen confounding the polls and pundits and pulling off a win in Australia’s general election. Opposition Labor Party leader Bill Shorten has announced he is resigning after accepting defeat. The ruling Liberal-National Coalition is close to a majority with 74 seats i the Lower House compared with Labor’s 66.

Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on May 18-19/19
Analysis/As Tensions Rise Between U.S. and Iran, Each Side Is Waiting for the Other to Blink
زفي بارئيل/هآرتس: مع تصاعد التوتر بين إيران وأميركا كل منهما ينتظر من الآخر التراجع
Zvi Bar’el/Haaretz/May 18/2019
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Both Tehran and Washington eschew war, but must save face. A powerful mediator, like Moscow and Beijing, is necessary to pull them back from the brink
U.S. President Donald Trump gave the Iranians his phone number and told them to call if they want to talk. The Iranians replied that they have no intention of calling, because there’s nobody to talk to. They don’t trust either America or the Europeans.
Iran warned Washington that any attack on it would be answered with great force, but in the same breath, Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei said there won’t be war with America. The New York Times reported that the United States plans to send 120,000 troops to the Gulf on top of bomber squadrons and an aircraft carrier; Trump denied it, calling it fake news.
Two Saudi oil tankers and four commercial ships were damaged by “unknown” saboteurs. Riyadh accused Iran; Tehran denied it. Yemen’s Houthi rebels fired missiles at Saudi oil facilities but said they were responding to the Saudis’ war in Yemen, not trying to deter an attack on Iran.
The deputy commander of the Western forces in Iraq and Syria, British Maj. Gen. Chris Ghika, said there’s no increased threat from Iranian-backed militias. U.S. Central Command disagreed, saying it has concrete information about plans to attack American targets.
Is anyone telling the truth? Does anyone know what’s happening?
Tensions are rising, the atmosphere in the Gulf is filled with flammable vapor and speculation is running wild. Will there be war? Will there be negotiations? Will the Iranian regime collapse? Will it fold, or will it start a conflict because it’s fed up with sanctions?
Iran already made its strategic decision when it said it would reduce its commitment to the nuclear deal. For now, that means increasing its stockpiles of heavy water and low-enriched uranium.
But that decision has no real effect on Iran’s nuclear program as long as Tehran doesn’t enrich uranium to high levels, kick out International Atomic Energy Agency inspectors and restart facilities closed under the agreement. It’s not there yet.
Iran still considers the nuclear agreement in force but has retracted its commitment to uphold the deal in full despite America’s withdrawal from it. While it won’t engage in violations that might prompt military action against it, its full compliance is no longer assured.
This was a cautious step to the brink; now we’re waiting for one side to blink. But it could also be an invitation to negotiate.
The West’s working assumption, especially in Washington, is that the sanctions will force Iran to fold and agree to new negotiations, which would reopen the nuclear deal and also include its ballistic missile program and its intervention in countries like Lebanon, Syria and Yemen. Iran has capitulated to sanctions or threats of war twice before.
Once was in 2003, after America toppled Iraqi dictator Saddam Hussein. Then-President Mohammad Khatami wrote to his U.S. counterpart, George W. Bush, offering comprehensive negotiations over all disagreements including the nuclear program and the Israeli-Palestinian peace process. But Bush ignored the offer, even though Iran froze its nuclear program to prove its goodwill.
The second was when Khamenei approved talks with the United States and five other countries that led to the nuclear deal.
Washington attributed the first capitulation to Iran’s feeling of being threatened militarily after America invaded Iraq and the second to economic pressure created by international sanctions. But while these explanations are theoretically logical, in Iran’s case, they’re insufficient.
Why, for instance, did Iran hold nuclear talks with Europe and the IAEA for a decade – until the end of 2012, about six months before Hassan Rohani was elected president – but consistently thwart and ultimately freeze the negotiations? If Iran feared an American attack in 2003, why it did it then stop fearing one and refuse to fold throughout that decade?
Moreover, if sanctions or threats of war could reliably alter countries’ behavior, why did Washington need to go to war against Iraq after more than decade of sanctions? And why didn’t Iran capitulate to the severe sanctions imposed by the United Nations and the United States before the nuclear deal?
Pragmatic Tehran
The West generally argues that the earlier sanctions weren’t tough enough and the military threat wasn’t seen as credible. As proof, pundits note that despite the sanctions, Iran was able to amass huge foreign currency reserves and finance various development programs, including the nuclear program and an advanced missile industry, thanks in part to a global smuggling enterprise abetted by other countries. Moreover, military action was vehemently opposed by Russia and China, which even threatened that it could spark a superpower war.
Yet in fact, Iran decided to enter substantive negotiations at the very moment when the military threat was removed, under U.S. President Barack Obama.
The greatest threat to the regime was actually the mass protests of 2009. And those weren’t against Iran’s foreign policy but against corruption, the dictatorship of the elite, severe human rights violations and the massive electoral fraud that led to Mahmoud Ahmadinejad’s reelection as president.
Nor was this the uprising Bush had hoped to spark through sanctions – one aimed at toppling the regime. The protesters demanded reforms but didn’t seek to change the system of government.
Despite its uncompromising effort to protect itself against domestic threats, the Iranian regime has always taken a pragmatic line on foreign policy. It offered to help the United States in its war in Afghanistan and supported America’s attack on Iraq. Khamenei ordered action against Al-Qaida, and Iranian-backed militias in Iraq fought the Islamic State in close proximity to American forces.
Iran recognized the need to calm the Syrian-Israeli border, and when Yemen’s civil war began, it advised the Houthis to reach a compromise with the Yemeni regime rather than embark on an all-out war. Iran cooperates with both India and Pakistan, two rival nuclear powers, and though Shi’ite, it aids Afghanistan’s Sunni Taliban movement, which is negotiating with the United States.
Iran never demanded that Turkey sever relations with Israel, and despite its own excellent relations with Ankara, it’s also an ally of the Iraqi Kurds. It continues to seek a resumption of relations with Egypt, despite Cairo’s close military cooperation with Israel.
Iran wraps the ideological contractions of its foreign policy in flowery phrases like “heroic flexibility,” Khamenei’s term for his willingness to negotiate the nuclear deal. Now he’s talking about “a new stage of the Islamic revolution” to justify Iran’s reduced commitment to that agreement.
Rohani spoke of “strategic patience” to explain why Iran didn’t respond to the U.S. withdrawal from the deal. As long as revolutionary phrases can be found to cover a rational policy, everything is fine.
Rohani recently declared that “strategic patience has ended.” That heralded the return of the “resistance economy,” the slogan used for economic measures like cutting subsidies, halting major development plans and finding indirect ways to export oil and import other goods.
But trying to market the “resistance economy” to Iranians once again is a political risk because the regime, like the West, can’t predict how the public will respond.
Trump’s new sanctions on the metal industries could result in the layoff of around 1.5 million workers in the steel, aluminum and auto industries. Reducing the exchange-rate subsidies given to meat importers, and probably importers of other staples as well, will further raise food prices, which have already soared from 30 to 120 percent this year. Basic services will be cut severely due to the dramatic drop in oil revenues.
Popular revolt?
Will all this bring Iranians into the streets, to the delight of Trump and especially his national security adviser, John Bolton? Iranian history is full of public protests and political revolts that even led to revolutions; the current regime is the product of one such revolution, which initially enjoyed support from most segments of Iranian society. Unrest bubbled for almost 30 years before Iranians overturned the Shah’s regime. The Islamic Revolution celebrated its 40th anniversary this year and the regime is still stable. Yet the same was said of Egypt’s Hosni Mubarak, Tunisia’s Zine El Abidine Ben Ali and Libya’s Muammar Gadhafi right before the people ousted them. It’s impossible to know whether sanctions combined with a military threat will bring out the critical masses needed for a revolution. But punishment and threats don’t offer Iranians a promising horizon, which is a necessary condition for an uprising. Rather, they may well bolster patriotism – not because the public loves the ayatollahs, but because of traumatic memories of Western occupation and aggression during and after the colonial era. Washington is now feeding these memories.
The question isn’t just what Tehran will do about the enormous pressure it’s under, but what Washington will do if Iran doesn’t fold. It’s unlikely that the Trump administration has any plan beyond sanctions and waiting for an Iranian phone call. The attacks on the Saudi ships and pipeline aren’t justification for war. Moreover, the administration doesn’t even claim to have proof that Iran was behind the attacks, aside from general information that pro-Iranian forces were planning attacks on American targets.
Trump is also embroiled in a political battle with Congress, which has warned him not to drag the country into another Iraq-style war. Senior people in both houses have demanded more detailed information about the Iranian threat, and Thursday, congressional leaders received a closed briefing about it from Trump’s advisers.
Russia is benefiting from the sanctions on Iran, but a war that would bring massive American forces into the Gulf is the last thing it wants. China, which is waging a titanic battle with Washington over a trade agreement, has significantly reduced oil purchases from Iran, but a military conflict that would raise oil prices would cause it huge economic damage. The Arab Gulf states, which are in range of Iran’s short- and medium-range missiles, are also a barrier to war. This dense web of interests and pressures demands a “deal of the century” for two parties that don’t want war but must preserve their honor and prestige. A powerful mediator who can break the mutual bear hug is also needed. So maybe it’s time for Moscow and Beijing to enter the arena and return both sides to negotiations, while also collecting suitable mediation fees in diplomatic coin.

The Inevitable Clash With Iran

Abdulrahman Al-Rashed/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/
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All possibilities exist when we consider the prospect of a military clash with Iran. It might be widespread, or limited to a targeted response to the recent attacks — or it might not happen at all.
However, the regime in Tehran ultimately will face the same fate as that of Saddam Hussein and Muammar Qaddafi. This is historically an inevitability for aggressive regimes, because their ability to survive and thrive depends on carrying out increasingly aggressive activities. This explains a lot about the problematic regime of Saddam Hussein, which engaged in direct battles with Iran and the Gulf Cooperation Council nations, was about to go to war with Syria before that, and in the end clashed with the world’s major power, the United States, and was eliminated.
Aggressive regimes have a pattern of behavior they can rarely break, which leads them in the end to destruction and suicide, as in the case of Nazi Germany. This leads us to rule out the possibility that Tehran would deal with the crisis with anything other than extremism and defiance. This has been the regime’s nature since the establishment of the republic, when it declared that exporting the revolution was its goal. To this day, Tehran has been seeking to export revolution in accordance with its theocratic political vision and, because of this, the region is in a state of continuous turmoil.
For many years, the countries in the region, including Saudi Arabia, have been affected by Iran’s policies and practices against them but have avoided pushing the situation toward a confrontation. However, the desire to deter Iran has almost always been present in minds and evident during panel discussions.
The prospect was raised in a serious manner during the past decade when it became clear that Tehran was dangerously speeding up its nuclear project for military purposes. Saudi Arabia, along with the rest of the GCC countries, was reluctant to participate in any military operation. No one wants wars but with the postponement of the clash with Iran, the situation has worsened and become more dangerous.
Like Aleppo and Sanaa before them, the Saudi cities of Riyadh and Jeddah, and Fujairah in the UAE, have found themselves in the crosshairs of Iranian missiles, which were fired either directly by the regime’s forces or through its proxy Houthi militias.
We know from Tehran’s pattern of behavior that its operations will continue and it will not back down until the day comes when the targeted countries are forced to confront Iran. Unfortunately, by then they will face a more difficult situation, as happened in Yemen. A confrontation there with the Iranian-backed Houthis was avoided until they took control of almost all of the country, and to expel the militias and restore the legitimate government, the allied nations were forced to liberate the country in a tough war.
Even with a clear course of events toward the clash, some portray the dangerous situation of dealing with Iran with much disregard as if it were a joke — blaming Donald Trump and/or John Bolton. Well, the real problem lies in Tehran: Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and Qasem Soleimani, the commander of the Quds Force of the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps. The region has endured many wars and numerous terrorist attacks that were directed by Iran. Governments tried to control the situation in a number of ways, all of which have failed. Since the days of US President Jimmy Carter, when the clerics seized power in Iran, seven successive presidents have entered the White House and tried in various ways to contain, boycott, or reward Iran in the hopes of persuading it to abandon its aggressive policies, all in vain.
Let us be realistic and deal with the problem as it is, not through conspiracy theories and considering what is happening a US-Israeli project or a commercial military project. Regardless of all the additional factors that are in play, including foreign interests that benefit from the crisis, there is no longer any question about the scale of the threat posed by Iran to the Gulf states and the wider region.
Now, more than ever, there is no doubt about the intentions of the evil regime in Tehran. The reality of what is happening in Lebanon, Syria, Iraq, and Yemen means that the arguments from defenders of Tehran’s “good intentions,” and from those who attack the supposed ill intentions of the regime’s opponents, have been negated. We are faced with the reality that lies before us. We must confront the regime in Tehran or else pay the heavy price of inaction and misplaced overconfidence.

Preventing Iran from War

Salman Al-dossary/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019/
The atmosphere is the same, so are the tensions. Thirty-nine years ago, the first Gulf War broke out between Iraq and Iran (1980-1988), followed by a second war to liberate Kuwait from Iraqi occupation in 1991. The third was to topple Saddam Hussein’s regime in Iraq in 2003.
These days, the region is experiencing political and military tension that is clear to everyone, as if the clouds of a fourth war were hovering. This was reinforced after the US sent the Abraham Lincoln aircraft carrier, and four vessels of different origins, including two Saudis, were subjected to a serious sabotage in the waters of the Arabian Gulf facing the Emirate of Fujairah. A US investigation team reached an initial assessment that Iran or its agents were behind the attack in which “explosive devices” were used. Shortly after, Iran, through the Houthis, carried out a terrorist attack with a booby-trapped drone on two major Saudi pipelines, which flow into the port of Yanbu in the west of the Kingdom.
All the causes of tension and instability are linked to one country – Iran. Riyadh has often pointed to its threats to the security and stability of the region. When the Saudi oil pipelines come under terrorist attacks, not only the Kingdom is concerned, but the entire world. Without the Kingdom’s ability to control these attacks, Europe, the United States and Asia would be under the pressure of oil prices going up to $200. Will they be able to cope with this disaster without Saudi help?
Did the world need four years to acknowledge the error of being lenient with Iran and its militias deployed in the region? Has the world only now understood that Saudi Arabia’s decision not to accept the Iranian Houthi coup in Yemen was a wise move, which prevented catastrophic consequences?
It is easy to criticize major decisions and it is very difficult to assert their validity when they are taken. Time alone will recompense those who make the difficult decisions and those who just watch. If the Kingdom had not taken a strategic decision to wage war against the Iranian presence in Yemen, the Iranian regime would have been overlooking the two most important straits in the world: the Strait of Hormuz and the Bab al-Mandab Straits. Iran is now trapped.
It is true that it denied the attack on the four ships - although the investigations pointed to its role - but its Houthi ally claimed responsibility for the assault on the pipeline, and there is no doubt that neither the Houthis nor Hezbollah would dare to commit such act of terrorism without prior Iranian approval.
It is strange that Iran’s arrogance did not contain the strong US message of sending the aircraft carrier to the Persian Gulf, whether for a short-term goal by closely monitoring Iran’s behavior and its proxies, or a long-term aim of not allowing the achievement of an Iranian nuclear project.
The Iranian regime has forgotten that dancing with Obama is different than facing Trump.
But what are US forces doing in the Arabian Gulf? Why were the USS Abraham Lincoln and B-52 bombers sent to the area? Claims by Iran’s friends that the US is protecting the Gulf States are wrong; despite the fact that everyone is happy when your ally is America, not Iran.
Washington is actually sending a strong warning to Iran that it would not hesitate to defend its soldiers and interests from Iranian threats, in addition to the desire of all to prevent Iran from reaching the brink of war that it longs for.
For those who twist the facts - most of them in our region – here is the only truth, with evidence and proof: No one is pushing for a war; only Iran is seeking to ignite it and the rest wants to prevent it.

Tehran Apologists Should Change their Tune
Amir Taheri/Asharq Al-Awsat/May 18/2019
One of the problems with a dispassionate discussion of matters related to Iran today is that the issue has become too ideological to allow rational, not to say clinical, examination. Taking part in a televised panel the other evening to discuss the “sabotage” of four ships in the UAE port of Fujairah I noted that there was as yet no evidence to show who had been behind the operation. At the same time, I noted that a leading daily in Tehran had urged the launching of precisely such operations just a day before the Fujairah attack. Needless to say I was attacked on all sides. Some claimed that by suggesting there was no evidence regarding the authorship of the attack, I was trying to whitewash the mullahs. Others claimed that by reminding people that such an operation had been urged in the daily Kayhan, representing the views of “Supreme Guide” Ali Khamenei, meant that I wished to incriminate Tehran to please “American warmongers.”
In a series of subsequent media programs, a range of personalities, including two former British ambassadors to Tehran, appeared as apologists for the mullahs while two former British defense and foreign secretaries spoke as if they had solid evidence that Tehran was involved. On the one had we have those who, not always without reason, are suspicious of anything remotely connected with Islam, even if that connection is spurious. On the other there are those who see the Khomeinists on the side of angels simply because they are, or pretend to be, anti-American, even if their anti-Americanism is little more than a pose.
In his twisted carpet-merchant’s style, Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammed Javad Zarif has acknowledged that. He says that if anyone notices the Islamic Republic it is because its leaders are or pretend to be anti-American. In other words, anti-Americanism upgrades a ramshackle and incompetent regime that is visibly incapable of running a kebab-shop let alone a modern developing society. Zarif says that without anti-Americanism we would, at best, “be something like Pakistan”. And, he adds, who cares about Pakistan?
I am inclined to think that the British Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn agreed to work for the Revolutionary Guard television not only for money but mainly because Iran is anti-American, exactly the same reason that turned him into a mouthpiece for the Venezuelan regime.
At the other end of the spectrum we have France’s Marine Le Pen who, her dislike of all things Islamic notwithstanding, acts as an apologist for the mullahs because they are anti-American and, as a bonus, also hate the Jews. In the United States, the whole thing is more complicated. The Islamic Republic has become the cause-celebre of the Democrat Party and the bete-noire of the Republicans.
At a private dinner in London the other night we listened to one of the US Democrat Party’s grand seigneurs repeating almost word-by-word the nonsense that the mullahs mouth every day in justifying their weird behavior. What mattered to the grand seigneur was that the mullahs were challenging Donald J Trump, the common foe. Not surprisingly, all Iran-controlled and financed lobbies in the US have been reorganized as campaigning tools to help drive Trump out of the White House. Where preferring the mullahs to the Americans seems difficult, the trick is to cast the former as peace-lovers and the latter as warmongers. Thus Trump, his National Security Adviser John Bolton, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo and Brian Hook, the man supervising the Iran dossier, are depicted as the four horsemen of the Apocalypse while Khamenei and his cohorts are portrayed as messengers of peace and harmony.
Federica Mogherini, the lady who acts as the European Union’s foreign policy spokesperson, whatever that means, never tires of pretending that the mullahs’ aggressive behavior is due to American “bullying.”
Well, let’s go back to Fujairah. I still don’t know for sure who did the sabotage. But here is what Kayhan advised before the event: “Our solution is clear. In response to the cost of economic sanctions imposed on us we have to impose costs on the other side so that this war is no longer one-sided…. We have a free hand in striking economic blows at the enemy. America’s allies in the region, that is to say Saudi Arabia and the Emirates, are heavily dependent on two things: oil and the glass towers they have built around the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea… We must absolutely, hit the vital vein of those two countries, that is to say their oil exports. And we can do this in the Indian Ocean and the Red Sea. Such an operation will, without a doubt, force Saudi and Emirati leaders to seek peace with Iran.”
And here is how the Revolutionary Guards news agency Tasnim’s news director Amin Arabshahi jubilated about the Fujairah attack immediately after the incident: “The port of Fujairah, the only vital route for exporting Saudi and Emirati oil, has been set on fire. Only a few steps away from the Strait of Hurmuz, the sons of Resistance have opened fire. Those who trade in fear should know that the war has been going on for years and we are heading for its final phase.”
Corbyn, Mogherini, John Kerry and other apologists for the mullahs should consider this. It is not enough to be anti-American or even anti-Trump to be automatically classed on the side of the angels. It is possible to be anti-American and anti-Trump and yet be a thoroughly obnoxious oppressor of the people and warmonger. Apologists for the Tehran’s antediluvian regime do not necessarily do it a service. By justifying its destructive behavior, they encourage the continuation of policies that have led the Islamic Republic into a deadly impasse which, if not breached, could lead to something worse. True friends of the Islamic Republic, if not of Iran as a nation, should tell the mullahs to dismount their high horses and understand that they cannot gallop around imitating Saddam Hussein without suffering consequences.

Turkey: Many Celebrate the Burning of the Cathedral of Notre Dame
Uzay Bulut/Gatestone Institute/May 18/2019
https://www.gatestoneinstitute.org/14221/turkey-celebrate-fire-notre-dame
The official Facebook page of Turkey's pro-government daily, Sabah, for example, is filled with praise for the destruction of the cathedral.
Sadly, Islamic supremacism not only targets the churches of Western Christians. It targets Yazidi, Zoroastrian, Buddhist and Hindu temples too. These religious minorities in the Muslim world are completely vulnerable, defenseless and severely persecuted.... In many Muslim countries, Muslim-on-Muslim violence is also quite commonplace. The Islamic hatred of different religious groups is not about geography -- the East or the West. It is about religious faith.
What is heartbreaking is that arson and other forms of desecration of churches have been going on in France and other countries on a regular basis, with barely a mention by the media or Western governments.
French authorities were quick to rule out arson as the cause of the devastating blaze at the Notre Dame Cathedral in Paris on April 15. Whatever the final investigation reveals, many extremist Muslims in Turkey were equally swift in their celebration of the fire that has demolished large parts of the historic structure.
The official Facebook page of the pro-government daily, Sabah, for example, is filled with praise for the destruction of the cathedral.
Reader comments included: "While it was burning, I prayed to God, saying, 'Burn it even more, oh God, curse and ruin it.' You wonder why? One feels like rejoicing over the burning of the colonialist, brutal France, which shed the blood of about 1.5 million Muslims and then 1 million additional Muslims; which beheaded them and exhibited their heads at museums; and which falsely accuses Turkey of massacring Armenians.... What can one even say to France that mocks our prophet and wants to change the verses in the Koran?"
"If you don't respect my mosques, my holy book, my prophet, then you experience your punishment in a worse way. I am not sad at all."
"They've destroyed the monuments in the Middle East that belonged to us. Maybe this will be a lesson to them."
"Why should I feel sad? They destroyed Baghdad; so many mosques and madrassahs [Islamic schools] are gone. Let them [Christians] be in an even worse situation. I hope such beautiful news comes from the Vatican, God willing, as soon as possible."
"Who cares? So many Muslims were killed in New Zealand and are still killed. It is just a building. They can build it again. Or maybe they themselves burned it. Maybe they wanted to renovate it but could not get permission for that, so they burned it."
Others called for the destruction of other non-Muslim monuments and nations:
"That is such a beautiful sight. May other places of icons meet the same fate."
"Send me the ashes. I will plant beans. I can spread the ashes underneath [the beans].
"Let's grab a few pieces of wood. [The cathedral] hasn't been burned to ashes completely yet. Let us help [the fire]..."
"May the whole of France burn down. They're enemies of Islam, enemies of humanity."
"May [the cathedral] be reduced to ash. Then may a storm break out and make even the ashes disappear, God willing."
Several described the fire as punishment for "crimes," such as the mosque attacks in New Zealand, France's military actions in Muslim countries, the French government's recent designation of April 24 as "a national day of remembrance for the Armenian genocide" and the French intellectuals' 2018 manifesto calling to declare violent Koranic verses "obsolete".
There is so far no evidence at all that this fire was the result of Islamic extremism. In general, however, if one tries to understand the theological basis of the underlying hatred that is so often seen, it is hard not to ask what extremist Muslims would do if they had enough power. After centuries of jihadist behavior that are still culminating outspokenly religiously-motivated attacks such as America's 9/11, Britain's 7/7, Spain's train bombings, Sri Lanka's church bombings on April 21 and on and on, are we really supposed to believe that it is it we who have genocidal motives or they? To many Muslims, it is always the kuffar [non-Muslims] who are criminal, murderous and corrupt. To them, Muslims are always innocent. Their understanding of history and current events often seems wholly self-referential.
Imam Suleiman Hani, for instance, a hardline Islamic cleric from Michigan, USA, claimed on his program in 2015 on Huda TV that the kuffar [non-Muslims] will suffer the "abode of hellfire. ... This is what they gathered from their evil." He stated that "the disbelievers, these are the evil people.... they will be beaten and hammered and turned to dust and then returned back. They will be given a bed of fire, full of darkness."
There are countless similar examples. Such views, sadly, are widespread -- and still encouraged -- across the Muslim world.
Moreover, there are several verses in the Quran about Allah's hatred for non-Muslims and the punishment that awaits them for their disbelief. The Quran, for instance, tells Muslims to "fight in the way of Allah" (verse 2:190), "urge the believers to battle" (verse 8:65), "kill them [disbelievers] wherever you find them" (verse 2:191) and "fight those of the unbelievers who are near to you and let them find in you hardness," (verse 9:123), among many other violent verses.
While some other religious scriptures also have violent verses, those verses are historical in nature, referring to a specific incident, and are descriptive; rather than prescriptive. Also, as the author Bruce Bawer wrote:
Sometimes, when one points out these rules, people will respond: "Well, the Bible says such-and-such." The point is not that these things are written in Islamic scripture, but that people still live by them.
Many people evidently still regard these verses as divine instruction. Unfortunately, it seems from the frequent cries of "Allahu Akbar," and various Muslim opinion polls that many in the Muslim faith still support political violence in the name of religion and sharia law.
Sadly, Islamic supremacism not only targets churches of Western Christians. It targets Yazidi, Zoroastrian, Buddhist and Hindu temples too. These religious minorities in the Muslim world are completely vulnerable, defenseless and severely persecuted. Yet, their places of worship are seen by extremist Muslims as symbols of "idol worship" that need to be destroyed. In many Muslim countries, Muslim-on-Muslim violence is also quite commonplace; Sunni Muslim extremists attack Shia mosques and Shia extremists target Sunni mosques. The Islamic hatred of different religious groups is not about geography -- the East or the West. It is about religious faith.
In line with this worldview, the pro-government Islamist newspaper, Yeni Akit, headlined its gleeful report on the fire: "The famous Notre Dame Cathedral of France burning furiously," then attributed it to France's recognition of the "so-called 'Armenian genocide.'"
Other pro-government outlets, such as Haberturk and Gzt.com, implied that since the Notre Dame Cathedral was unable to be conquered and Islamized by the Ottoman Conqueror Sultan Mehmet, it eventually got destroyed as a result of the fire.
Targeting non-Muslim monuments has been a widespread Islamic practice since the seventh century, regrettably rooted in the Koran and hadith to prevent shirk, the worship of objects or anything other than Allah.
According to Dr. Bill Warner, founding president of the Center for the Study of Political Islam:
"The language of Islam is dualistic. There is a division of humanity into believer and kafir (unbeliever). Humanity is divided into those who believe Mohammed is the prophet of Allah and those who do not.
"Kafir is an actual word the Koran uses for non-Muslims. It is usually translated as unbeliever or infidel, but that translation is wrong. The word unbeliever is neutral, while the attitude of the Koran towards unbelievers is very negative. The Koran defines the Kafir as hated by Allah. A Muslim is never the true friend of a Kafir. Kafirs can be enslaved, raped, beheaded, plotted against, terrorized, and humiliated. A Kafir is not a full human.
"When you read the complete Islamic doctrine of Koran, Sira (the biography of Mohammed), and the Hadith (the traditions of Mohammed), you will find that Islam is fixated on the Kafir. Over half of the Koran is about the Kafir, not Muslims. It is the stated purpose of the Islamic textual doctrine to annihilate every Kafir by conversion, subjugation or death. Jihad can be waged against the Kafir."
It is therefore not surprising that radical Muslims in Turkey and elsewhere celebrated at the sight of the Notre Dame Cathedral in flames. What is heartbreaking is that arson and other forms of desecration of churches have been going on in France and other countries for centuries, with barely a mention by the media or any Western government.
*Uzay Bulut, a Turkish journalist, is a Distinguished Senior Fellow at Gatestone Institute.
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War With Iran? Count Us Out, Europe Says
Steven Erlanger, NYT/May 18/2019
BRUSSELS — With strong memories of the last catastrophic war in Iraq, Europeans are united in opposing what many consider the United States’ effort to provoke Iran into a shooting war. Yet, despite the strains in trans-Atlantic relations in the Trump years, flat-out opposition to Washington remains an uncomfortable place for European nations.
Initially, not even pro-American Britain would go along with the Trump administration, with officials defending a senior British general in the coalition fighting the Islamic State who said that there was no enhanced threat from Iran in Iraq and Syria.
But that brought an American rebuttal, and soon the Europeans, reluctant to confront Washington directly, softened the criticism. Britain officially rowed back, saying that it now agreed with the Americans, while Germany and the Netherlands suspended their troop training in Iraq, citing the American warnings. (Germany subsequently said it was planning to resume the training exercises.)
Window dressing aside, however, there was little doubt about where the Europeans stood on the Iran issue.
“Every single European government believes that the increased threat we’re seeing from Iran now is a reaction to the United States leaving the Iran nuclear agreement and trying to force Iranian capitulation on other issues,” said Kori Schake, a former Pentagon official who is now deputy director of the International Institute for Strategic Studies.
“They believe that the U.S. is the provocateur and they worry that the U.S. is reacting so stridently to predictable Iranian actions in order to provide a pretext for a U.S. attack on Iran,” Ms. Schake said.
European government officials say they believe that Mr. Trump does not want a major war in the Middle East. But they also believe that his national security adviser, John R. Bolton, does.Doug Mills/The New York Times
It is a far cry from the debate preceding the 2003 Iraq war, which “split Europe in two,” said Tomas Valasek, the director of Carnegie Europe and a former Slovak ambassador to NATO. “This is a case of all European governments saying to Washington that this is insane, we shouldn’t be here, and it’s your fault that we’re actually talking of war.”
For a supporter of the trans-Atlantic relationship, he added, “the last thing you want to do is unify Europe on an anti-American basis, and that’s what Trump” and his national security adviser, John R. Bolton, have done.
The Europeans are trapped between President Trump and Tehran, trying to keep decent relations with Washington while committed to supporting the 2015 Iran nuclear deal that Mr. Trump mocked and then abandoned.
Senior European government officials say they believe that Mr. Trump, as he said on Thursday, does not want a major war in the Middle East. But they also believe that Mr. Bolton does. They often cite a New York Times opinion article by Mr. Bolton in 2015, when he was out of office, entitled “To Stop Iran’s Bomb, Bomb Iran.”
And European officials are baffled by Mr. Trump’s insistence that he simply wants to force Iran into new negotiations. Why, they say, would Tehran, whose supreme leader regards Washington as duplicitous in any event, concede or even value any deal done with the president who just abandoned a nuclear deal so painfully negotiated with the last American president?
“Why would they trust us now after Trump pulled the plug on the last thing they negotiated with Washington?” Ms. Schake said.
The public position of European officials has been to urge “maximum restraint,” as the European foreign policy chief, Federica Mogherini, put it. That was a riposte to Washington’s stated policy of “maximum pressure” on Tehran, including punishing economic sanctions designed to block its international trade, especially in oil, on which the economy depends.
Foreign ministers — including Britain’s Jeremy Hunt and Germany’s Heiko Maas — have spoken about the dangers of escalation and accidental war.
“We are very worried about the risk of a conflict happening by accident with an escalation that is unintended,” Mr. Hunt said.
Mr. Maas told German legislators that putting intense pressure on Iran added to the risk of an unintended escalation. “What has happened in recent days — acts of sabotage against ships or pipelines — are indications that these dangers are concrete and real,” he said, referring to reports that four oil vessels were recently attacked at the mouth of the Persian Gulf.
While initially skeptical of American warnings of an increased threat to its troops from Iran and its allies, most European officials now accept the American concerns, even as they consider the response exaggerated and provocative.
Iran’s responses to American pressure were predicted by the Pentagon, Centcom and American intelligence agencies, Ms. Schake said.
“So Europeans are exasperated that the U.S. wants them to snap into line for a policy they believe is wrong, and with the consequences that they and the Pentagon and U.S. intelligence all told the Trump administration it would produce.”
No one should be surprised, she and others said, that Iran would use its own leverage — including the restarting of uranium enrichment (still within the limits of the nuclear deal), its militias, proxies and arms transfers — within the region to respond to Washington in an asymmetric way.
“The Iranians may have walked into a Washington hard-liner trap,” said Jeremy Shapiro, a former senior State Department official who is now research director for the European Council on Foreign Relations. “Iran as usual is sending messages and going up the escalator ladder one-eighth of a step at a time, through proxies,” he said. “They’re following the script. Iranian and U.S. hard-liners have a toxic interaction and feed off each other.”
In the first gulf war, in 1990-91, the United States led a broad multinational coalition; in the second, in 2003, the European “coalition of the willing” was essentially reduced to Britain and Poland.
Part of Europe’s skepticism is rooted in that 2003 war, when there were charges of fake or exaggerated intelligence, which continue to haunt the reputations of then-loyal European leaders, such as former Prime Minister Tony Blair of Britain and former President Aleksander Kwasniewski of Poland.
“Every European politician who supported George W. Bush was taken out and effectively executed,” Mr. Shapiro said. “Even in the U.K., no way there can be a repeat of that. If the U.S. policy is force, there will be no European support.”
But the Trump administration — which has already strained relations with Europe badly through unilateral moves over trade, climate change and relations with Israel and Russia, let alone Iran — probably doesn’t much care what the Europeans think, Mr. Shapiro said: “No one in the administration is expecting much help from Europe over this.”
Still, he noted, Secretary of State Mike Pompeo made an effort to come to Brussels and speak to European foreign ministers about Iran and American assessments of enhanced threat. For internal administration debates, European views will be taken into account, Mr. Shapiro said.
“If there is tacit support or even abstention,” he said, “that can be helpful in the internal debates, to say, ‘The allies are with us or against us.’ ”
European officials consider the debate in Washington over Iran far from over, and they want to do their best, as one official said, to support Mr. Trump in his clear reluctance to get America involved in another messy war in the Middle East.
*Alissa Rubin contributed reporting from Baghdad.

Pick up the phone, Rouhani!
Faisal J. Abbas/Arab News/May 18/2019
A few days ago, this newspaper published an editorial calling for surgical strikes against Iran and its agents who recently attacked Saudi oil pipelines and commercial ships in Fujairah. Incidentally, our editorial was followed by military strikes against Houthi targets by the Saudi-led coalition to restore the legitimate government in Yemen. It was also followed by news that the US has obtained the approval of several Gulf countries to redeploy troops in the region. On social media, there were many who criticized our position and labeled us as warmongers. They also slammed the collective view of our top editors as irresponsible. They wondered — in a one-sided manner — how one could call for a Muslim country to attack another Muslim country during the month of Ramadan. Putting aside the few commentators who had a genuine concern — as we do — regarding a large-scale war erupting, much of the criticism is coming from well-known pro-Iran and pro-Hezbollah propagandists.
One simply has to ask why these critics were silent when Iran and its agents attacked Saudi Arabia. Not only is Saudi Arabia a Muslim country, it is the land of the Two Holy Mosques. Surely, an attack on its soil — by a fellow Muslim country — demanded severe condemnation.
Furthermore, why aren’t these supposed peace-lovers urging Iran to stop its meddling and to take up the US offer of talks?  Where were all these critics when Houthi missiles fell near the holy city of Makkah, and in civilian neighborhoods of Riyadh?
Saudi Arabia does not want a war. It has and will always work with the US and other allies to try and avert it. However, Saudi Arabia — like any sovereign country — also has the right to defend itself.
After all, Iranian Education Minister Mohammed Bathaee may very well say he wants to sacrifice 14 million innocent Iranian schoolchildren as “martyrs” should a war happen, but here in the Kingdom, we see it as our duty to protect our children, not the other way around.
Of course, critics will say the Arab coalition has made mistakes in Yemen in terms of civilian casualties. This is true, but these mistake were always investigated, admitted and apologized for. It must be stressed that the same cannot be argued for the malicious Houthi militias, whose leadership’s declared policy is to attack civilians and airports. That said, the Kingdom is definitely not perfect and has its flaws, but the reality is that today, there are no Arab militias in Persian lands. However, the same cannot be said about Iran and its agents in Arab countries. After all, it is Tehran’s declared policy to destabilize Iraq, hijack Lebanon, sabotage Palestinian peace efforts and support Syrian President Bashar Assad as he gasses and barrel-bombs his people. Hearing what Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif recently said does not suggest that his regime understands that the rope is tightening around its neck. “Nobody can confront Iran,” said Zarif (whose name in Arabic means “cute”). Such an attitude reminds us of Iraq under Saddam Hussein prior to the 2003 war. Of course, we all know what fell upon Iraq because of this stubbornness and shortsightedness. With the current sanctions, a collapsing economy and superior foes, the Mullahs don’t stand a chance. Still, the Iranian regime has a golden opportunity to avert a war at worst, or an economic disaster at best. It can simply commit to not being a rogue state, stop supporting terror, recall its militias and shut down its nuclear program. This will not only be beneficial for Iran itself, but for the whole region and the world at large. So, for everyone’s sake, let us hope President Hassan Rouhani picks up the phone and calls the White House, before it is too late!
• Faisal J. Abbas is the editor in chief of Arab News