English LCCC Newsbulletin For Lebanese, Lebanese Related, Global News & Editorials
For May 12/2020
Compiled & Prepared by: Elias Bejjani

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Bible Quotations For today
You are Simon son of John. You are to be called Cephas, the rock
John 01/35-42.: “The next day John again was standing with two of his disciples, and as he watched Jesus walk by, he exclaimed, ‘Look, here is the Lamb of God! ’ The two disciples heard him say this, and they followed Jesus. When Jesus turned and saw them following, he said to them, ‘What are you looking for?’ They said to him, ‘Rabbi’ (which translated means Teacher), ‘where are you staying?’ He said to them, ‘Come and see.’ They came and saw where he was staying, and they remained with him that day. It was about four o’clock in the afternoon. One of the two who heard John speak and followed him was Andrew, Simon Peter’s brother. He first found his brother Simon and said to him, ‘We have found the Messiah’ (which is translated Anointed).He brought Simon to Jesus, who looked at him and said, ‘You are Simon son of John. You are to be called Cephas’ (which is translated Peter). the rock”

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on May 11-12/2020
Mother’s Day in Canada: All people have hearts, but Mothers’ Hearts brings all hearts together/Elias Bejjani/May 10/2020
Lebanon Records 14 New Coronavirus Cases
In One Beirut Hospital, COVID Warriors through Their Own Eyes
WHO representative visits Hassan, says people must be responsible facing Covid-19
Army warns smoking doubles risk of Covid-19
Aoun was briefed by Bishop Aoudeh on deliberations of Archdiocese meeting: Keenness on preserving rights of all communities especially Greek Orthodox
Franjieh Says No Oil in Lebanon, Launches Fiercest Attack Yet on FPM
Presidency Accuses Franjieh of 'Protecting Fugitives'
Casino Opts Not to Reopen as 3rd Phase of Easing Lockdown Begins
Hoballah: With every $1 that industrialists are deprived from, the economy loses $4
Hariri receives Ambassadors of Kuwait, Norway, Switzerland, and Canada
Diab meets UN’s Kubis, Chinese ambassador
Prime Minister Hassan Diabr meets US Ambassador over financial reforms plan
Hitti meets with US Ambassador
Hariri, Jumblatt tackle political developments
Abdel Samad calls on media to resume coronavirus awareness campaign
Lebanon Faces Grave Threat to Stability as Poverty Mounts
MP Sami Gemayel, Egyptian ambassador discuss latest developments
Lebanon Faces Grave Threat to Stability as Poverty Mounts
Lebanese Government Kicks off Talks with IMF
Hariri, Saudi Ambassador to Beirut Discuss Latest Developments
Rai Calls for Freeing Lebanon From 'De Facto Influence'
Lebanon and Syria: One Occupation in Two Countries/Eyad Abu Shakra/Asharq Al Awsat/May 11/2020
ED’N’RAY, the young and loud DJ duo shaking Beirut/Chiri Choukeir/Annahar/May 11/2020

Titles For The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on May 10-11/2020
Iran navy hits own ship with missile, kills 19 sailors near Persian Gulf waters
Iraq PM Launches Anti-Corruption Battle by Warning His Brother
Sudan: Criminal Charges Against Egyptian Brotherhood Members
Palestinians Plan to Counter Annexation, Europe Mulls Sanctions against Israel
Israel Razes Home of Alleged Palestinian Attacker
Hundreds Protest Afghan Migrant Drownings at Iran Border
SDF Commanders Flee to Turkey, Finance Officer Killed
LNA Vows to End Erdogan’s Plans in Libya
Egypt Underscores Need to Maintain Global ‘Multilateral’ System
Cheers and Tears as Europe's Kids Go Back to School

Titles For The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on May 10-11/2020
After Five Bloody Years in Syria, Russia Is Turning Against Iran—and Assad/Jeremy Hodge/The Daily Beast/May 11/2020
Libyan Civil War Aggravated by the Threat of COVID-19/Tzvi Kahn/New Africa Daily/May 11/2020
COVID-19, hostages, drowning: Iranian regime criminality may be increasing
Seth J. Frantzman/Jerusalem Post/May 11/2020
How Iran is losing its grip in Iraq/Eli Lake/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
Pompeo to Israel: A Scene Setter/Jacob Nagel & Jonathan Schanzer/FDD/May 11/2020
The JCPOA Has Not Improved Iran’s Human Rights Record/Tzvi Kahn & Alireza Nader/FDD/May 11/2020
How to Deal with Iranian Speedboats/James Stavridis/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
Boris Johnson’s Coronavirus Response Fails Better/Therese Raphael/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
Land of Two Ambassadors/Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al Awsat/May 11/2020
Palestinian Leaders: A Policy of Piracy, Blackmail and Plunder/Khaled Abu Toameh/Gatestone Institute/May 11, 2020
 

The Latest English LCCC Lebanese & Lebanese Related News & Editorials published on May 10-11/2020
Mother’s Day in Canada: All people have hearts, but Mothers’ Hearts brings all hearts together
Elias Bejjani/May 10/2020
http://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/86018/86018/
Canada celebrates today, on the tenth of May 2020, “The Mother’s Day” and honors with love and gratitude all her sacrifices, devotion, and commitments.
This blessed ritual of genuine honoring is certainly a faith obligation and a human, moral, ethical, religious and ecclesiastical duty for each and every believer who fears God and the day of his last reckoning, and at the same adheres in his/her pattern of lifestyle, and practices to the Ten Biblical Commandments in which its fifth one verbatim reads: “Honor your father and your mother that your days may be long upon the land which the LORD your God is giving you”.
Honor means to give high regard, respect and esteem to; to bring respect or credit to; an outward token, sign or act that manifests high regard.
Respect means to have deferential regard for, to treat with propriety and consideration; to regard as inviolable.
Meanwhile, this honor and respect, though primarily intended by God to be given to parents, are not limited to them. In spirit it includes civil, religious and educational authorities as well.
God want us to honor our parents because the family is the basic building block or unit of society, thus the stability of the community depends on the stability of the families that comprise it.
“In God’s eyes—and in a small child’s—a parent stands in the place of God Himself. In the physical sense, parents are the child’s creator, provider, lawgiver, teacher, and protector—and sometimes even savior. A child’s response to this relationship will greatly determine his later response to larger relationships in society. And it is ABSOLUTELY CERTAIN to affect his relationship with God. Thus, since parents represent God, it becomes their obligation to live lives worthy of that honor. Ultimately, the responsibility for keeping this commandment falls on the child, but it begins with the parents through child training and example. If parents neither provide the correct example nor teach the correct way, they can hardly expect their children to honor them” (John W. Ritenbaugh).
Mothers and fathers, through the bond of sacred marriage, secure the continuity of humanity. This holy and blessed institution, the institution of the family “Marriage” is the cornerstone of every society. Without it, societies disintegrate, lose values ​​and morals after which destructive chaos and all forms of loss of faith and immorality prevail.
In one of our proverbs back home in Lebanon we say: The Good mother is like a magnet that pulls together her family members and holds them under her wings. Practically this means that with her love, warm and big heart, devotion, passionate, role model, hard work and sacrifices she brings her family members together, embraces them, nurtures them, and always works to cultivate in them all values of love, forgiveness, giving, humility, tolerance, and faith.
We congratulate the mothers on their annual day, and pray for the eternal rest of the souls of the mothers who have passed away.
We ask our mothers who are in heaven dwelling in God’s mentions to pray for us and for peace in the world, especially during this time of world wide state of loss, confusion, despair and fear, while facing the deadly threats of Corona Virus plague.
A Special Prayer For The Mothers
Dear God,
Thank you for your endless provisions of grace and mercy. We come to you today to lift up every woman who answers to the name of “mom.” We ask that you supply each one with the strength they need for those difficult days. Give them wisdom to know when to encourage and when to correct their children. Supply them with an extra dose of patience. Remind them that children are a heritage and a reward from You (Psalm 127:3 CSB), and shower them with special moments they can cherish. Lord, we also ask that you draw them close to you daily. Remind them of their worth in Your eyes – that they, too, are cherished children of a loving Father. We pray for contentment in this very special calling. May every mom realize that this is a mission from You, one that brings truly great rewards in the end. quoted from the Batchelor Brothers page)
Amen

Lebanon Records 14 New Coronavirus Cases
Naharnet/May 11/2020
Lebanon on Monday confirmed 14 more COVID-19 coronavirus cases, which raises the country's tally to 859, the Health Ministry said. Twelve of the cases were recorded among residents while two were confirmed among repatriated expats, the Ministry added in a statement. The country's death toll still stands at 26 while the number of recoveries has reached 234. Lebanon had on Sunday witnessed its biggest spike in weeks in the numbers of daily coronavirus cases, prompting the health and interior ministers to warn that a strict lockdown could be re-imposed. Cabinet is expected to reassess the anti-coronavirus measures on Tuesday.

In One Beirut Hospital, COVID Warriors through Their Own Eyes
Agence France Presse/Naharnet/May 11/2020
In the harshly-lit corridors of a Beirut hospital, a team of nurses has been snapping pictures with their mobile phones of life behind the scenes of the battle against the coronavirus. The images taken at the Hotel-Dieu de France Hospital and selected by AFP for a photo project offer a glimpse of their epic struggle against the pandemic.Exhaustion, prayer, pride and a strong team spirit -- the photos chronicle the emotional roller coaster these nurses have been through in two months. As they prepare to receive another accolade for their front line role with the May 12 marking of International Nurses Day, their smiles still show behind the masks and goggles. But many of them have gone weeks without seeing their families and, while infections have remained relatively limited in Lebanon, they fear a second wave will flood their wards. "People don't understand the difficulties we face here," said Sylvia Beudjekian, the head nurse in her unit at Hotel Dieu, one of the main hospitals in the Lebanese capital. "Everybody's tired. We do much more than administer drugs to patients, we look after people who do not have their families by their side to battle sickness," she said. Drinking coffee, playing guitar or celebrating Easter -- the pictures document some of the little down time they have enjoyed since COVID-19 grounded them at their workplace and permanently clad them in white and blue protective gear. "We've laughed and we've cried and we've learned a lot," Beudjekian said."We will continue to do everything we can to be there for everyone but people should be very careful and stay home."

WHO representative visits Hassan, says people must be responsible facing Covid-19
MNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Minister of Health, Hamad Hassan, on Monday welcomed World Health Organization (WHO) representative in Lebanon, Imane al-Chankiti, with whom he assessed the adopted procedures to contain the novel coronavirus pandemic after a recent significant increase in the number of cases across Lebanon. “The meeting had been devoted to review a number of plans to equip hospitals and isolation centers, and the possibility of increasing the number of laboratory tests,” al-Chankiti said. “We are still at a stage where we’re able to contain the pandemic,” the WHO representative added, expressing fear of sliding into a more dangerous stage in the event that the some citizens continue to ignore prevention guidelines. Al-Chankiti stressed the need for people, especially those arriving from abroad, to act responsibly and apply the quarantine procedures recommended by the Ministry of Health’s medical teams.

Army warns smoking doubles risk of Covid-19
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
The Lebanese Army on Monday warned via Twitter that smoking of all kinds doubled the risk of the novel Coronavirus. “Smoking cigarettes and hookah increases the symptoms of the Coronavirus and doubles the possibility of contracting the virus. Awareness is your responsibility and prevention is the best treatment,” the Lebanese Army tweeted. The Army’s tweet was followed by thee hashtags: #Together we face Corona #With our solidarity, we succeed

Aoun was briefed by Bishop Aoudeh on deliberations of Archdiocese meeting: Keenness on preserving rights of all communities especially Greek Orthodox
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
President of the Republic, General Michel Aoun, asserted keenness to preserve rights of all sects, especially the Greek Orthodox community, which gave the Lebanese administration officials who are known for their competence, sincerity and good conduct.
The President stances came during his reception the Beirut Metropolitan for the Greek Orthodox, Archbishop Elias Aoudeh, in the presence of MPElias Bou Saab. President Aoun and Archbishop Aoudeh discussed the general situation and affairs of the Greek Orthodox community.
For his part, Bishop Aoudeh expressedappreciation for the combined role of the President and heads of constitutional institutions, stressing the importance of participation of members of the Orthodox community in administrative and functional sites based on experience, competence and palm cleanliness.
Bishop Aoudeh also briefed President Aoun on the deliberations of the meeting held in the Archdiocese of Ashrafiyeh, which issued a written statement unanimously of those present, affirming that the Orthodox stood beside the option of a civil state based on true citizenship and equality of rights and duties, especially since they were never sectarian. Aoudeh indicated that until the establishment of the civil state, the Orthodox have the right to participate effectively in building a state through administrative, judicial and military positions, considering that replacing senior Orthodox employees with others should be for good reasons without any injustice, especially if these employees were not perpetrators.
Then, Bishop Aoudeh said that he had placed the Orthodox appointments file in the President’s custody, calling for the removal of injustice in the Orthodox community members.
MP Fouad Makhzoumi:
Later, President Aoun met head of the National Dialogue party, MP Fouad Makhzoumi, accompanied by his political advisor, Dr. Carol Zwein.
After the meeting, MP Makhzoumi explained that his deliberations with the President tackled general conditions in the country in light of the harsh health and economic living conditions.
Makhzoumi praised the Cabinet-approved economic rescue plan, considering that it includes positives. “The most important thing is commitment to the required reforms, especially since the country is going through a suffocating crisis on various levels, starting from the Dollar exchange rate to the collapse of the banking sector” Makhzoumi stated.
Then Makhzoumi stressed the necessity of controlling illegal border crossings and putting an end to the smuggling of flour, fuel, electronic devices and other goods to Syria, “Because this liquidation is an integral part of the crisis of wasting public money”.
“The most important issue today is to seek solutions to the living crisis in order to restore the confidence of the depressed people, and to preserve the country’s stability and improve Lebanon’s image before the international community” Makhzoumi pointed out.
Makhzoumi also expressed surprise at the “Controversial atmosphere, tensions and unfortunate conflicts between some political forces and even within the same teams”, indicating that the situation in Lebanon requires behavior upgrading and the assumption of national responsibilities. MP Makhzoumi then stressed the need for strict measures to confront Corona pandemic, especially after the rise in the number of infections that we have witnessed in the past few days, calling on the Lebanese to adhere to prevention standards and to be aware and patient to pass this ordeal.
Former Minister Boustany:
President Aoun received Former Minister, Naji Al-Boustany, and discussed with him the general situation in light of recent developments.
Boustany said that President Aoun is keen to maintain stability in the “Jabal” region, and for a decent living for all its children.
Damour Mayor:
The President received the Mayor of Damour town, Charles Ghafari, who informed him of the Municipal Council decision to allocate a land area of one hundred thousand sq. meters to establish the Human Academy for Meeting and Dialogue, which was launched by President Aoun and approved by the UN General assembly at its regular session last September.
President Aoun thanked Ghafari, noting the importance of establishing this academy in Damour, a town which enjoys a unique national and cultural heritage.--Presidency Press Office

Franjieh Says No Oil in Lebanon, Launches Fiercest Attack Yet on FPM
Naharnet/May 11/2020
Marada Movement chief Suleiman Franjieh on Monday alleged that there are no offshore oil or gas reserves in Lebanon and launched his fiercest attack ever on his one-time allies the Free Patriotic Movement. His stances were voiced during a press conference he held to comment on the controversy over the counterfeit fuel file. The head of the Energy Ministry's oil facilities department "Sarkis Hleis will appear before the judiciary, but not before the justice of (FPM chief) Jebran Bassil and the judges of Jebran Bassil," Franjieh said. Noting that he believes in Hleis' "innocence," Franjieh said his movement's conscience is "very clear.""The judiciary will decide whether Sarkis Hleis is guilty or not and we consider the counterfeit fuel file a politicized file, because the side and judges who raised it are known," Franjieh added. "In the fuel file, six ministers belong to the FPM. Don't these ministers bear any responsibility in this file?" Franjieh asked. Turning to the issue of offshore oil and gas exploration, the Marada chief dropped the bombshell claim that Lebanon "is not an oil country." "And there is no trace of gas in it. They are lying to you and I bear the responsibility for my words," he added. Addressing the FPM, Franjieh went on to say: “You lied to people in 1989 and you destroyed Lebanon and the Christian regions. You lied to people in 2005 and now you are lying to people. Your strength was based on popular support and today your strength stems from being in power. But when power goes, you will become equivalent to nothing and if the judiciary won't put you on trial history will.”“If you want war we are ready and if you want peace we are ready. But you are weak and cowardly and history will not be merciful towards you,” he added.

Presidency Accuses Franjieh of 'Protecting Fugitives'
Naharnet/May 11/2020
The Lebanese Presidency hit back Monday at Marada Movement chief Suleiman Franjieh after he launched his fiercest political attack ever against President Michel Aoun and the Free Patriotic Movement and claimed that Lebanon has no oil or gas reserves. “The most honest thing that Mr. Franjieh said was that he stands by his people whether they are wrongdoers or accused of receiving bribes. And instead of boasting of his protection of fugitives, Mr. Franjieh should have lifted the cover off them and allowed them to appear before the judiciary, which is the competent authority to acquit them or convict them,” the Presidency's press office said in a statement. “Anyhow, this issue remains in the hands of the judiciary, which alone has the right to take the appropriate measures,” the press office added. “Most of Mr. Franjieh's intemperate remarks are baseless and false, and accordingly are not worthy of a response, although they were full of insults that harm Lebanon's reputation, interest, economy, role and presence in its neighborhood and the world, especially what he mentioned about the issue of oil and gas exploration,” the office said. Franjieh's stances were voiced during a press conference that he held to comment on the controversy over the counterfeit fuel file. The head of the Energy Ministry's oil facilities department "Sarkis Hleis will appear before the judiciary, but not before the justice of (FPM chief) Jebran Bassil and the judges of Jebran Bassil," Franjieh said. Noting that he believes in Hleis' "innocence," Franjieh said his movement's conscience is "very clear.""The judiciary will decide whether Sarkis Hleis is guilty or not and we consider the counterfeit fuel file a politicized file, because the side and judges who raised it are known," Franjieh added.

Casino Opts Not to Reopen as 3rd Phase of Easing Lockdown Begins
Naharnet/May 11/2020
Casino du Liban announced Monday that it will not reopen its doors to customers, reversing an earlier decision, as Lebanon started the third phase of a reopening plan despite a sudden and significant spike in coronavirus cases. "The casino's administration announces the postponement of the (reopening) date until further notice, in line with the decision of the interior minister to extend general mobilization," it said in a statement. "As the casino's administration apologizes to its customers, it hopes they will understand this step out of keenness on their safety and as a contribution from it and them to the efforts to contain this pandemic, which has turned into a national concern," it added. In an earlier statement, the casino had explained the precautionary measures it intended to take. The measures included a “sanitizing tunnel” at the entrance, body temperature checks, the distribution of masks to willing customers, the disinfection of machines and tables and providing customers with hand sanitizers. The third phase of the plan also includes the reopening of construction sites, cement plants, the state-run Motor Vehicle Inspection Center, financial brokering and bourse-related firms and shopping centers that are smaller than malls. Restaurants and cafes will meanwhile be allowed to up their customer capacity from 30 to 50% and buses (24-33 passengers) will be allowed to operate. Interior Minister Mohammed Fahmi had on Sunday revised the night curfew hours to begin at 7pm instead of 9pm and warned that all non-essential private and public institutions will be re-closed should some citizens continue to breach the coronavirus precautionary measures. The minister's warning comes amid Lebanon's biggest spike in weeks in the numbers of confirmed coronavirus cases with 36 recorded on Sunday and 13 on Saturday. Health Minister Hamad Hasan had issued a similar warning and Cabinet is expected to review the measures in its session on Tuesday.

Hoballah: With every $1 that industrialists are deprived from, the economy loses $4
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Minister of Industry, Imad Hoballah, on Monday said that the Lebanese government had multiple priorities, most important of which the development of local industries and agriculture “because other policies have proven to be unsuccessful.”In a televised interview, the Minister said that the novel Coronavirus crisis was huge on a global scale; however, he deemed the corrupt system that dragged Lebanon into the current financial and economic perils “the biggest crisis in Lebanon”. “Unemployment is very high in Lebanon, and everyone should be aware of the magnitude of the crisis. Therefore, we are called forth to encourage initiatives and investments in the industrial sector, and this is what we’ve been doing,” the Minister said. He expressed the Ministry's readiness to embrace new innovative initiatives and to employ them in the service of industrial production.
“It has been agreed with the Governor of the Lebanese Central Bank to secure $100 million for industrialists to purchase raw materials, and so far the banks have not responded properly to this matter,” he added.
“There was also a LBP 300 billion law proposal that had been submitted by the government to the parliament, but was not approved in the last legislative session. We’ve also developed a proposal to establish a private investment bank for the industrial sector. Every $1 that industrialists are deprived from to buy raw materials will eventually cost the economy $4, not to mention closing factories and increasing unemployment,” warned Hoballah. He explained that the government was vigorously moving towards controlling prices and preventing monopoly. He called on merchants to "fear the Lord”, and have mercy on people. Furthermore, Hoballah explained the importance of a future vision to support the industrial sector in Lebanon. “In tours that I undertake, I aim to listen to the demands of industrialists and to present them with a vision that is based on industrial self-sufficiency — in a bid to raise local production, encourage existing and modern industries, halt smuggling, and restore agreements signed between Lebanon and abroad,” Hoballah explained.

Hariri receives Ambassadors of Kuwait, Norway, Switzerland, and Canada
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Former Prime Minister Saad Hariri received this afternoon at the Center House the ambassadors of Norway, Leni Stenseth, Switzerland, Monika Schmutz Kirgöz and Canada, Emmanuelle Lamoureux, in the presence of former minister Ghattas Khoury. After the meeting, the three ambassadors said that the meeting focused on the economic situation and the challenges facing Lebanon as well as the required reforms in the framework of the economic plan that was approved by the government. They considered this plan as a good first step to accurately diagnose the challenges, adding that what is important is to implement it and make the required reforms. Hariri also received the Kuwaiti ambassador to Lebanon, Abdel-Aal Al-Kinai, and discussed with him the situation and the bilateral relations between the two countries.

Diab meets UN’s Kubis, Chinese ambassador
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Prime Minister, Dr. Hassan Diab, received this morning, at the Grand Serail, the UN Special Coordinator for Lebanon, Jan Kubis, with whom he discussed the Cabinet’s economic and financial plan in addition to general developments.
PM Diab has received as well a delegation from Makassed Association, headed by Faysal Senno, in the presence of PM advisor Khodor Taleb. After the meeting, M. Senno said: “We have congratulated Prime Minister Diab on Cabinet formation and on the onset of the Holy month of Ramadan. We support PM Diab in fighting corruption, provided that it touches on everyone”. PM Diab has also met with Chinese Ambassador Wang Kajian in the presence of PM advisor Khaled Akkari. After the meeting, Ambassador Kajian said that the meeting has touched on bilateral relations and cooperation especially in the fight against coronavirus.

Prime Minister Hassan Diabr meets US Ambassador over financial reforms plan
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Prime Minister Hassan Diab on Monday met with US Ambassador to Lebanon, Dorothy Shea. Discussions touched on the government’s financial reforms plan.—Presidency Press Office

Hitti meets with US Ambassador
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Minister of Foreign Affairs and Emigrants, Nassif Hitti, this Monday received U.S. Ambassador to Lebanon, Dorothy Shea, with whom he discussed issues related to the extension of the mandate of the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and the government’s economic plan.
Minister Hitti asked the ambassador for US help in the fight against the coronavirus (Covid-19).

Hariri, Jumblatt tackle political developments
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Former Prime Minister, Saad Hariri, received this afternoon at his “Center House” Progressive Socialist Party leader, Walid Jumbaltt, with whom he discussed the latest political developments and the general situation in the country. The meeting took place in the presence of former Minister Dr. Ghattas Khoury.

Abdel Samad calls on media to resume coronavirus awareness campaign
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Minister of Information, Dr. Manal Abdel Samad Najd, on Monday called on media outlets to resume their awareness campaign on the coronavirus (COVID-19), filmed in cooperation between the Ministry of Information and the Lebanese Army Guidance Directorate, which emphasizes the importance of being strict in adopting the necessary preventive measures on the dangers and risks arising from the coronavirus, especially after the increase of infectious cases in recent days.

Lebanon Faces Grave Threat to Stability as Poverty Mounts
Associated Press/Naharnet/May 11/2020
Living in a slum built precariously on the banks of a sewage-tainted river in Lebanon, Faiqqa Homsi feels her family being pushed closer and closer to the edge. A mother of five, she was already struggling, relying on donations to care for a baby daughter with cancer. The coronavirus shutdown cost her husband his meager income driving a school bus. She hoped to earn some change selling carrot juice after a charity gave her a juicer. But as Lebanon's currency collapsed, carrots became too expensive. "It is all closing in our face," Homsi said. Lebanese are growing more desperate as jobs disappear and their money's value evaporates in a terrifying confluence of events. An unprecedented economic crisis, nationwide protests and coronavirus pose the biggest threat to stability since the end of the civil war in 1990, and there are fears of a new slide into violence. Nowhere is the despair deeper than in Tripoli, Homsi's hometown and Lebanon's poorest city. Overwhelmingly Sunni Muslim and home to over 700,000 people, Tripoli has suffered years of neglect and is stigmatized with violence and extremism. Mounting poverty is turning it into a powder keg.
Even before the crises, almost the entire city's workforce depended on day-to-day income, and 60% of them made less than $1 a day. More than half of the families were in the poorest classification, lacking basic services, education and health care, said Suheir Ghali, a university professor who carried out a study of Tripoli. Things will get worse as Lebanon's economy contracts. Already 45% of the country's population is below the poverty line. The currency has lost nearly 60% of its value to the dollar. Unemployment has risen to 35%, nearly double the current U.S. figures rivaling the Great Depression.
Divisions among Lebanon's sectarian leadership hamper attempts to address the crisis. The powerful Iran-backed Hizbullah reluctantly supported plans to seek help from the International Monetary Fund, a sign of its concern about widening hardships. IMF support will likely mean cuts in the public sector, the largest employer, likely to cause squabbling among political factions. The prime minister, a Sunni, has Hizbullah's backing but little within his own sect or in Tripoli.
Tripoli was thrust into the forefront of the anti-government protests that first broke out in October. Its boisterous rallies inspired other protesters, who called it the "bride" of the uprising. Protests returned late last month, more furious and violent, targeting banks. A protester was killed in Tripoli when the army broke up a rally. "The risk that things might go on a downward spiral (in Tripoli) is real," said Nasser Yassin, a professor of policy planning at the American University of Beirut.
Tripoli has been the scene of some of Lebanon's worst violence since the civil war's end. For weeks in 2007, Islamists battled troops north of the city. The uprising in Syria reignited a bloody rivalry between some of Tripoli's Sunni and Alawite residents, who belong to the same sect as Syria's leadership.
Syria's war -- now in its 10th year -- stripped Tripoli of its strong trade ties with Syria, a key lifeline. Hundreds of thousands of Syrian refugees have moved into Tripoli and surrounding areas.
Residents are also bitter over grand promises that never materialize from rival Sunni politicians vying for their support. Development of Tripoli's port, a hoped-for gateway for rebuilding post-war Syria, never picked up. A trade fairground designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer in the 1960s remains abandoned. At a crafts market project, workshops are shutting down one after the other. Growing numbers of poor scramble for aid.
Homsi broke into tears when she saw a woman, the age of her mother-in-law, pushed around in a line for food stamps. Homsi lives in Mulawiya, an illegal favela-like settlement of narrow alleys and ramshackle houses built on top of each other up the steep banks of Abu Ali River. Homsi's family is crammed into two bedrooms -- the kids sleeping in bunk beds next to the kitchen. A large collection of tea and coffee cups -- part of her wedding trousseau -- is neatly stacked on the kitchen shelves.
Her daughter Maya was diagnosed with cancer as a newborn three years ago. Homsi takes her twice a month to Beirut, a 90-minute bus ride, to a hospital where her treatment is paid for by philanthropists. The little girl has lost half her hair from the chemo and radiotherapy.
Homsi's eldest son, now 17, dropped out of school to help the family. A fifth of her husband's $340-a-month salary went for the trip to Beirut. Now that income is gone. "I try as best as I can. Sometimes it is at the expense of the other children. It is not because I am harsh, but because there are things I can't secure," she said. It took her weeks to fix her 7-year-old son's broken glasses.
Nearby Bab al-Tabbaneh, one of Tripoli's poorest slums, has always been a destination for Lebanese to fix a broken car or wooden door at low cost.
On an early afternoon this week, a mini-mart was nearly empty. A produce vendor, Mohammed Harou, said he doesn't display fruit because no one can afford it. His friend, Ibrahim Abdullah, a scrap metal dealer, idled outside his shop with no work. No one in the market wore a face mask or gloves.
"The virus won't survive here," said Harou, pointing to sewage water collecting at his building entrance. Harou, 54, said a local politician used to pay for his daughters' education, but then stopped after the 2018 parliament elections. "They don't need us now," he said.
Abdullah predicted that more chaos was coming. Smashing banks "was just a poke. Imagine when the balloon explodes."
Linda Borghol, an activist, started a soup kitchen during the protests. She negotiated to keep it going after the protest camp was broken up.
She now distributes 600 meals a day to the poor. "We are heading toward a famine. I want to be there, even if with something this small," she said.

MP Sami Gemayel, Egyptian ambassador discuss latest developments
NNA/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Lebanese Kataeb Party Chief, MP Sami Gemayel, received this Monday at the 'Kataeb House' in Saifi the Egyptian Ambassador to Lebanon, Yasser Alawi, with whom he discussed most recent developments.

Lebanon Faces Grave Threat to Stability as Poverty Mounts
Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Living in a slum built precariously on the banks of a sewage-tainted river in Lebanon, Faiqqa Homsi feels her family being pushed closer and closer to the edge. A mother of five, she was already struggling, relying on donations to care for a baby daughter with cancer. The coronavirus shutdown cost her husband his meager income driving a school bus. She hoped to earn some change selling carrot juice after a charity gave her a juicer. But as Lebanon’s currency collapsed, carrots became too expensive. “It is all closing in our face,” Homsi said, according to The Associated Press.
Lebanese are growing more desperate as jobs disappear and their money’s value evaporates in a terrifying confluence of events. An unprecedented economic crisis, nationwide protests and coronavirus pose the biggest threat to stability since the end of the civil war in 1990, and there are fears of a new slide into violence. Nowhere is the despair deeper than in Tripoli, Homsi’s hometown and Lebanon’s poorest city. Home to over 700,000 people, Tripoli has suffered years of neglect and is stigmatized with violence and extremism. Mounting poverty is turning it into a powder keg.
Even before the crises, almost the entire city's workforce depended on day-to-day income, and 60 percent of them made less than $1 a day. More than half of the families were in the poorest classification, lacking basic services, education and health care, said Suheir Ghali, a university professor who carried out a study of Tripoli. Things will get worse as Lebanon’s economy contracts. Already 45 percent of the country’s population is below the poverty line. The currency has lost nearly 60 percent of its value to the dollar. Unemployment has risen to 35 percent, nearly double the current US figures rivaling the Great Depression. Divisions among Lebanon's sectarian leadership hamper attempts to address the crisis. Hezbollah, which holds sway in government, reluctantly supported plans to seek help from the International Monetary Fund, a sign of its concern about widening hardships. IMF support will likely mean cuts in the public sector, the largest employer, likely to cause squabbling among political factions.
Tripoli was thrust into the forefront of the anti-government protests that first broke out in October. Its boisterous rallies inspired other protesters, who called it the “bride” of the uprising. Protests returned late last month, more furious and violent, targeting banks. A protester was killed in Tripoli when the army broke up a rally. “The risk that things might go on a downward spiral (in Tripoli) is real,” said Nasser Yassin, a professor of policy planning at the American University of Beirut. Tripoli has been the scene of some of Lebanon’s worst violence since the civil war’s end. For weeks in 2007, extremists battled troops north of the city. The uprising in Syria reignited a bloody rivalry between some of Tripoli’s Sunni and Alawite residents, who belong to the same sect as Syria’s leadership.
Syria's war — now in its 10th year — stripped Tripoli of its strong trade ties with Syria, a key lifeline. Hundreds of thousands of Syrian refugees have moved into Tripoli and surrounding areas.
Residents are also bitter over grand promises that never materialize from rival local politicians vying for their support. Development of Tripoli’s port, a hoped-for gateway for rebuilding post-war Syria, never picked up. A trade fairground designed by Brazilian architect Oscar Niemeyer in the 1960s remains abandoned. At a crafts market project, workshops are shutting down one after the other. Growing numbers of poor scramble for aid.
Homsi broke into tears when she saw a woman, the age of her mother-in-law, pushed around in a line for food stamps.
Homsi lives in Mulawiya, an illegal favela-like settlement of narrow alleys and ramshackle houses built on top of each other up the steep banks of Abu Ali River. Homsi’s family is crammed into two bedrooms — the kids sleeping in bunk beds next to the kitchen. A large collection of tea and coffee cups — part of her wedding trousseau — is neatly stacked on the kitchen shelves.
Her daughter Maya was diagnosed with cancer as a newborn three years ago. Homsi takes her twice a month to Beirut, a 90-minute bus ride, to a hospital where her treatment is paid for by philanthropists. The little girl has lost half her hair from the chemo and radiotherapy.
Homsi’s eldest son, now 17, dropped out of school to help the family. A fifth of her husband’s $340-a-month salary went for the trip to Beirut. Now that income is gone. “I try as best as I can. Sometimes it is at the expense of the other children. It is not because I am harsh, but because there are things I can’t secure,” she said. It took her weeks to fix her 7-year-old son’s broken glasses. Nearby Bab al-Tebanneh, one of Tripoli’s poorest slums, has always been a destination for Lebanese to fix a broken car or wooden door at low cost.
On an early afternoon this week, a mini-mart was nearly empty. A produce vendor, Mohamed Harou, said he doesn’t display fruit because no one can afford it. His friend, Ibrahim Abdulla, a scrap metal dealer, idled outside his shop with no work. No one in the market wore a face mask or gloves.
“The virus won’t survive here,” said Harou, pointing to sewage water collecting at his building entrance. Harou, 54, said a local politician used to pay for his daughters’ education, but then stopped after the 2018 parliament elections. “They don’t need us now,” he said. Abdulla predicted that more chaos was coming. Smashing banks “was just a poke. Imagine when the balloon explodes.”Linda Borghol, an activist, started a soup kitchen during the protests. She negotiated to keep it going after the protest camp was broken up.
She now distributes 600 meals a day to the poor. “We are heading toward a famine. I want to be there, even if with something this small,” she said.

Lebanese Government Kicks off Talks with IMF
Beirut – Mohammed Shuqair/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
The Lebanese government and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) will begin on Monday negotiations over the draft rescue plan, which seeks aid from the international organization to stop the financial and economic collapse and curb the deficit in the state budget. Parliamentary sources told Asharq Al-Awsat that the IMF would not easily approve funding the government’s plan, adding that the first round of talks would be followed by a series of negotiations, which would also include Central Bank Governor, Riad Salameh, the Association of Lebanese Banks and the relevant financial authorities.
According to the sources, the government would run marathon discussions, which would perhaps end with the IMF’s approval of the plan, allowing Lebanon to obtain a financial loan under an official agreement with the Fund. The sources noted that the country would not have been forced to resort to the IMF, had previous governments succeeded in seizing international opportunities, such as the Paris and CEDRE conferences.The government must restore the confidence of the Lebanese in order to regain the trust of the international community, they underlined.
Moreover, the IMF would insist that the government prepare an integrated plan to adopt permanent solutions to the electricity file, including the formation of regulatory bodies to curb the deficit in this sector, the sources told Asharq Al-Awsat. As for Hezbollah’s stance on resorting to the IMF, the sources wondered whether the party would have the ability to set its conditions and whether there was an alternative to cooperation with it. Ultimately, the government and the IMF will engage into lengthy negotiations, with no tangible results in the near future, the parliamentary sources predicted.

Hariri, Saudi Ambassador to Beirut Discuss Latest Developments
Beirut - Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Former Prime Minister Saad Hariri has met with Saudi Ambassador to Lebanon Walid Bukhari, the ex-PM’s press office said on Sunday. The diplomat visited Hariri at the Center House, where they discussed the latest political developments, it said. Discussions also focused on bilateral relations between the two countries, it added.

Rai Calls for Freeing Lebanon From 'De Facto Influence'
Beirut/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Maronite Patriarch Beshara al-Rai called on Lebanon’s political parties to support the government in implementing reforms and “free the state's decision from the influence and interference of de facto forces.”During Sunday’s mass sermon in Bkirki, Rai said rival parties should cooperate to help the government achieve the required reforms. “We all have the duty to distinguish between what is positive, and cooperate to promote it; and what is negative, to work together to correct it,” the patriarch stressed. “This is what we expected from last Wednesday’s consultative meeting at the Presidential Palace, to study the draft economic rescue plan, before its submission to Parliament in its full form,” he added, referring to last week’s meeting that gathered the heads of political blocs to discuss the cabinet’s reform plan. As he welcomed the move taken by the government, Rai emphasized that the government had local and external obligations. “Internally, it has a duty to look into citizens’ urgent affairs and take swift measures to solve their financial, health, environmental, and living problems, in addition to unemployment, hunger, and poverty,” he said.
He continued: “Externally, the government should accelerate the completion of the reform plan and submit it to Parliament for approval, in order to be able to conduct constructive negotiations … especially with the International Monetary Fund.”The Maronite patriarch finally urged the political parties to “encourage and support the government in achieving the required reforms” both locally and externally, and “free the state’s decision from the influence and interference of de facto forces and strengthen Lebanon’s relations with its surroundings and with the international community.”

Lebanon and Syria: One Occupation in Two Countries
Eyad Abu Shakra/Asharq Al Awsat/May 11/2020
Hassan Nasrallah, the Secretary General of Lebanon’s Hezbollah militia, has delivered a speech, his first after Germany declared this pro-Iran militia a “terrorist organization” on German soil. It was also the first after the Lebanese “government” announcement of what it described as a “historic step” in its endeavor to rescue the ailing, indeed, almost bankrupt economy.
The German move does not really add much to what many countries, leaders and organizations already knew a long time ago. However, it begs the thought of what it might entail in the wider political context. The fact of the matter is that this militia is not a wild plant that suddenly emerged from the ground, and grew and expanded on its own. Far from it; it is actually, by the admission of its Secretary General, fully dependent on Iran, its clerical establishment and its Revolutionary Guards (IRGC); ideologically, organizationally, financially, strategically and logistically.
What I mean is that it would be strange if a sophisticated Western government, like the German government, can see the branch but not the tree. It is implausible that Berlin regards as a “terrorist organization” the pro-Iran militia that “occupies” Lebanon, displaces people in Syria, destroys in Iraq and sponsors terrorism in Yemen, but still believes that Iran has the right to have its own nuclear program.
It doesn’t make sense that Berlin remains unaware of the aggressive intentions, if not the loud boasting of the IRGC about their de facto “control” of four Arab countries all of which are UN member states; let alone Iran’s incessant encroachments and harassments in the Middle East’s international waterways. It, simply, cannot separate the part from the whole; and here let us address the tragic situations in both Lebanon and Syria.
In Lebanon, after the formation of the current cabinet as a successor to Saad Hariri’s government, its identity was clear as were its intentions, backers and program. Thus, wise observers did not waste any time before calling it the “Hezbollah cabinet,” which is absolutely true.
Since its formation, on January 21, the new cabinet has embodied a mentality of vengefulness and political spitefulness, and made a habit of escaping forward and blaming the legacy of the last 30 years in the history of Lebanon for every crime or transgression.
Even the last “October Popular Uprising,” which led to the resignation of Hariri’s cabinet, has been shamelessly exploited, and selectively made an excuse to settling old political scores. The facades of the real power in the country, which is Hezbollah, have been working in unison with misled groups to claim that corruption appeared in Lebanon only after the end of the Lebanese War, in 1990. This implies that corruption was brought about after the Taif Accord.
So, for the enemies of the Taif Accord and the Constitution – in which these Accords are enshrined – claiming to fight corruption became a cover of their conspiracy against the Constitution, even if this meant distorting history. They are doing this as people have no memories or documents; or as if there is no international community that remembers who saved Lebanon, and who wanted to ruin it on every occasion.
When the facades of “Hezbollah’s reign” claim that throughout the last 30 years no proper “future plans” were made to avert “destruction,” they intentionally ignore Arab and international support packages that were agreed upon based on meticulously prepared plans discussed in a number international conferences.The same applies to these facades’ ignoring the responsibility of those behind the absurd wars, sectarian agitation, malevolent destruction and plundering under the protection of illegitimate weapons, for the corruption. They are doing this because their real and only intention is revenge, not reconstruction, institutions, or development.
Yes, they intend to destroy Lebanon’s institutions including the banking and tourist sectors, as well as undermining the country’s Arab and international relations, and speeding up the constitutional coup and demographic change. Even when these facades attempted to “rephrase” a quote about Lebanon by the French Foreign Minister, Jean-Yves Le Drian, the attempt badly backfired when the French Foreign Ministry set the record straight in written document. The Ministry made it clear that “no financial aid will be given without real reform… and what did not happen in 2018 (because of the obstruction of the Hezbollah-Aoun alliance) will not happen voluntarily. We have turned the page”.
The same kind of suicidal Lebanese tactics continue in Syria since 2011, if not before 2011.
The backers of the Assad regime have managed to exploit several local, regional and international factors to keep it alive. However, those who have been benefitting from keeping a failed regime for their own ends, now either have diverging interests or have realized that it is impossible to maintain a “junta” that carries in its chemistry the causes of its death.
There have been intersecting interests between Iran, Russia, and Israel in keeping this regime as a “mail box” between them, so long as they oppose both the democratic and the “Islamist” alternatives. Then, President Barack Obama’s enthusiasm to strike a deal with Iran aborted the Syrian popular revolt; just before the divergences started to appear, followed by the current cracks within the “junta” itself.
Recently, the massacres of Al-Baidha and Ras Al-Naba’ (near the coastal town of Banyas) in 2013, were commemorated. Hundreds of civilians were killed in these sectarian massacres, which were perpetrated by the regime’s forces, are still regarded among the worst committed in the Syrian conflict.
Since then, many other massacres were committed all over Syria, from Idlib and Aleppo to Qamishli, and from Homs to Souweida, without sparing the suburbs of Damascus. In all these massacres regime forces and Iran-backed militias slaughtered hundreds of thousands and displaced millions, as they ruined the country.
However, despite this, and just like what is happening in Lebanon, the remnants of the Damascus regime continue to escape forward, while international readings and positions change.
As things appear so far, the Republican administration in Washington does not seem to believe that getting the Iranians out but keeping the Assad regime is possible anymore. The Russian position vis-à-vis the regime also seems to have become less enthusiastic, noting here that there seems to be no significant American opposition to the continued Russian military presence in Syria; thus, making political change much easier. Furthermore, the Israelis also do not appear to regard the presence of Assad is an important strategic matter.
To conclude, it is obvious that Lebanon and Syria have been under one and the same “occupation”; but the problem is that the henchmen of this “occupation” reflect perfectly Talleyrand’s famous quotes “they have learned nothing, and forgotten nothing!”.

ED’N’RAY, the young and loud DJ duo shaking Beirut

Chiri Choukeir/Annahar/May 11/2020
BEIRUT: Finding a passion for sound and music at the young age of 14, two best friends decided to go against all odds and create the music they’ve always wanted to.
Today, these two friends are now 24, having their own radio stream on NRJ radio station, the duo has already won two awards, opened for the biggest names in the EDM music scene such as David Guetta, The Chainsmokers, and Armin Van Buuren, and many more international artists.
Eddy Hamati and Ryan Hamaoui, known by their stage name ED’N’RAY, decided to start their career after winning a competition hosted by NRJ radio station in 2013. The duo quickly got their own exclusive show that was initially aired at 4 a.m.
“In the beginning, we were just DJing for our school parties and proms.” Hamati told Annahar, “when we started, it was a dream for us to play at NRJ, but we tried our chance anyway at 17. They called us back and it was like a dream come true.”
The duo did not stop on the radio, the continued to host events, taking over clubs, and getting international artists to Lebanon. It wasn’t long until they released their single “Tell Me” which quickly made its way onto the top charts.
And from top charts to competitions, the duo went on to win two NRJ DJ Awards and got their own show called “NRJ Extravadance” with 56000 listeners per week.
At first, it was scary for the young duo to get out and play their music in front of big crowds, however, as soon as they started playing more often the stage became a comfortable place for the duo who put on more than 287 shows so far and many more of which they organized on their own.
The duo explained how they found their sound by combining different Acapellas on one single track. “We did live remixes, Ray learned and developed his own technique to do so,” Hamaoui said, we also want to do something with live instruments as I play the drums and Eddy plays the guitar so we can combine the performance with a launchpad and live remixes.”
ED’N’RAY stand out with their live performances and unique blend of genres ranging from commercial, pop, electric, progressive house, hip hop, and rap. Their immense success comes with a lot of struggle as the duo are independent and have to divide their time between work and their passion.
“We have full-time jobs; I am a jewelry designer and currently I am creating my own brand while Eddy is a marketing specialist in an IT company.” Hamaoui added, “we have no managers, no strategists, no consultant, we learned everything on our own very early on. I take care of PR and events while Eddy does the marketing and social media.”
Recently with the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic, ED’N’RAY had to move their party from stages outdoors to screen indoors as they started live-streaming their performances every week to entertain their followers and fanbase during the quarantine.
Although currently the duo only streams a weekly 30-minute set, their plan is big as they plan to start doing their live sets with live interviews as well as opening a club with Artists & More Entertainment afterlife presumes its normal pace.
“We have a community in which we created a very nice connection with people,” Hamati said, “We want to continue growing this community and just make our plans bigger”.

The Latest English LCCC Miscellaneous Reports And News published on May 10-11/2020
Iran navy hits own ship with missile, kills 19 sailors near Persian Gulf waters
Erin Cunningham/The Washington Post/May 11/2020
ISTANBUL — A missile fired by an Iranian ship during a training exercise in the Gulf of Oman mistakenly hit a support vessel, killing 19 sailors and injuring more than a dozen others, Iran's state media reported. The ship was hit near the southern port of Jask not far from the Strait of Hormuz late Sunday, and rescue teams helped evacuate the wounded, according to reports. The incident comes amid severe tensions between Iran and the United States and its allies in the Persian Gulf region in recent months. The U.S. Navy has accused Iran of harassing its vessels in the area. Iranian forces towed the ship, Konarak, to a nearby naval base following the incident, state media reported. The Dutch-made vessel was in service since 1988 and usually carries a crew of 20 sailors, according to the Associated Press. Top Iranian general w.arns U.S. against ‘dangerous behavior’ in Persian Gulf after Trump threat. Search-and-rescue teams were immediately dispatched to the area to evacuate the wounded, media reports said. The Konarak was reportedly targeted with a Noor anti-ship missile that has long been a part of Iran’s anti-ship arsenal, according to the intelligence analysis firm, Jane’s. The loss of the ship “will not have a significant impact on the wider capabilities of the Iranian Navy,” Jane’s senior military capabilities analyst, Reed Foster, said in an email. But “a replacement will likely take years to come into service,” he said. Foster said that it was possible that the test-firing “may have been a capability demonstration coming off the heels of heightened tensions in the gulf following IRGC harassment of U.S. Navy ships last month,” he said, referring to Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps.

Iraq PM Launches Anti-Corruption Battle by Warning His Brother
Baghdad - Fadhel al-Nashmi/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
The new Iraqi Prime Minister, Mustafa al-Kadhimi, launched on Sunday his battle against corruption by warning his brother from the consequences of mediating or acting on his behalf. The premiership’s information service broadcast a video of Kadhimi during a visit to the Public Pensions Department speaking on the phone with his eldest brother, warning him from mediating on his behalf. The PM said if such behavior happens, it would be equivalent to identity theft that is punishable by law. Kadhimi’s presence at the Department also secured the release of salaries of around three million Iraqi pensioners.
The PM’s keenness to fight corruption was preceded by other similar moves, when he ordered the release of demonstrators arrested during the mass protests that erupted in October last year. The Prime Minister also ordered to reinstate a top general dismissed by former Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi in September. “We ordered the return of the hero brother, First Lieutenant General Abdel-Wahab Al-Saadi, and to promote him as the head of the Anti-Terrorism Agency,” he said. As Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces, Kadhimi said all security services have been ordered to respect human rights.
Amid unprecedented differences between groups supporting the October demonstrations, protests were held in Baghdad and other cities in central and southern Iraq against the new government, shortly after Kadhimi announced the formation of a supreme legal committee to investigate the events that took place starting October 1, 2019. Sunday’s protests raised questions regarding their timing. Several sources warned from the “agendas” of some political parties and forces that seek to harm the PM’s term by renewing protests. A former candidate for the Iraqi premiership, Mohammed Shia al-Sudani, told Asharq Al-Awsat that Kadhimi proved to have self-confidence, mainly when he ordered the return of Saadi. “This is considered one of the most important decisions taken by the PM so far,” he said. MP of Iraqi Forces Alliance Abdullah al-Kharbit told Asharq Al-Awsat that most difficulties that Kadhimi would face in the future are “internal.”“He has a very difficult mission due to accumulated problems,” Kharbit said.

Sudan: Criminal Charges Against Egyptian Brotherhood Members
Khartoum - Ahmed Younis/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Sudan's authorities have arrested and issued criminal charges against members of the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood, a senior Sudanese official told Asharq Al-Awsat. The public prosecutor and the judiciary will decide later if the suspects will be handed over to the Egyptian authorities.
The official, who asked not to be named, said that security agencies have arrested a number of Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members residing in Sudan. They were then referred to the public prosecutor who charged them, without clarifying the charges. Sudanese sources stated that the group includes five leaders of the so-called “Sawaed Misr - Hasm” which was affiliated with the “Muslim Brotherhood,” and established armed terrorist groups that fought battles with the police and military in Egypt. Last month, a number of media reports indicated that Sudanese and Egyptian authorities have since February been coordinating security efforts to extradite the detainees, who were arrested while trying to escape to Turkey. Meanwhile, Asharq Al-Awsat learned that four imprisoned senior army officers were infected with COVID-19, and authorities transferred them to an isolation center for treatment. The officers are former joint chiefs of staff General Hashim Abdel Mottalib Ahmed, Major General Ibrahim Ahmed Abdulrahim, Brigadier General Muhyiddin Ahmed al-Hadi, and Brigadier General Mohammed Qureshi who were arrested for plotting a coup against the transitional government.
In July 2019, Sudan’s military said it thwarted a coup attempt and arrested an unspecified number of senior officers in connection with the plot. The military revealed the attempted plot involved Ahmed and a number of high-ranking officers from the armed forces and the National Intelligence and Security Service, along with leaders of the Islamic Movement and the National Congress Party, led by former President Omar al-Bashir. They sought to abort the revolution and disrupt the path for a political solution that aims to establish a civilian state.

Palestinians Plan to Counter Annexation, Europe Mulls Sanctions against Israel

Ramallah - Kifah Zboun//Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
European Union foreign ministers are considering the possibility of imposing sanctions against Israel if it goes ahead with its plan to annex parts of the occupied West Bank. The Palestinian leadership will hold a meeting this week to draft a comprehensive strategy to respond to Israeli annexation plans.
On Sunday, sources familiar with the European initiative told Israel Hayom that EU foreign policy chief Josep Borrell, who is known for his “animosity” toward Israel, is pushing for sanctions. Another well-informed European source told the Palestinian news agency, WAFA, that there has been growing momentum within the EU aimed at finding ways to confront the annexation plan, which, if implemented, would dash hopes for the implementation of the two-state solution. The source pointed out that any resolution taken within the Union must be approved by the 27 members, despite predictions that some countries will veto such a resolution due to their relations with Israel. "In order to avoid the veto," said the source, "the bloc will resort to other steps, such as freezing the Horizon Europe 2021-2027 program, through which Israeli think-tanks receive billions of dollars.” It is also considering the possibility of suspending the EU–Israel Association Agreement, which gives Tel Aviv the freedom of access to European markets. Non-renewal of the agreement means depriving Israel of significant economic advantages, WAFA reported. The source added that the EU will aim at pressuring Israel through diplomatic and political channels to prevent it from taking any unilateral steps. Meanwhile, Saeb Erekat, Secretary-General of the PLO Executive Committee, said the Palestinian leadership will hold a meeting, headed by President Mahmoud Abbas, on Thursday to draft a full strategy to retaliate to annexation plans. Speaking to the official Voice of Palestine radio, he held the American administration fully responsible for any steps taken by Israel in this regard. He also slammed US ambassador to Israel David Friedman, for saying that the establishment of a Palestinian state will only take place "when the Palestinians become Canadians." He denounced the remarks as unprecedented insolence from a man promoting violence, murder and Israeli settlements.

Israel Razes Home of Alleged Palestinian Attacker
Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
The Israeli military on Monday said its forces demolished the home of a Palestinian accused of being behind a deadly blast in the West Bank last year.
Israel says 22-year-old Qassem Barghouti carried out the attack in August, which killed 17-year-old Israeli Rina Shnerb and wounded her father and brother as they were hiking down to a spring in the West Bank near the settlement of Dolev. Dozens of Palestinians burned tires and hurled rocks and firebombs toward Israeli troops as they were carrying out the demolition in the village of Kobar, near Ramallah. Witnesses said several Palestinians were injured, including one that the Red Crescent said was hit in the head with a gas canister. The military said the crowd was eventually dispersed.
Israel claims demolishing the family homes of alleged militants deters violence, but critics say the tactic amounts to collective punishment. The demolition was only carried out after Israel's high court rejected the family’s petitions against the order. Israel's Shin Bet security service launched a massive manhunt after the Aug. 23 bombing that killed 17-year-old Rina Shnerb and seriously wounded her father and older brother. Such bombings, a hallmark of the 2000-2005 Palestinian uprising, have been rare in recent years.
Authorities blamed the attack on the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, or PFLP, a leftist political party that has an armed wing. Israel, the US and the European Union consider it a terrorist group because of high-profile attacks going back decades, including plane hijackings and the assassination of an Israeli Cabinet minister in 2001. The Shin Bet was accused of torturing some of those it arrested in connection with the attack. Barghouti's lawyer says his client was bitten by a security dog when authorities raided his home to arrest him.

Hundreds Protest Afghan Migrant Drownings at Iran Border
Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Hundreds of people protested outside the Iranian consulate in western Afghanistan Monday over the deaths of several migrants who were forced into a river by Iranian border guards and drowned. Afghan officials claim the migrants died while they were illegally crossing into neighboring Iran from Herat province earlier this month. Eighteen bodies, some bearing signs of torture and beatings, have been recovered from the Harirud river so far, Gulran district governor Abdul Ghani Noori told AFP last week. Noori said 55 migrants were forced into the river. A government-backed probe is under way, but Iranian authorities have dismissed the claims, saying the incident occurred inside Afghanistan's territory. "Death to (President Hassan) Rouhani, Death to (Ali) Khamenei," chanted protesters outside the consulate in Herat's provincial capital of the same name. "These Afghan laborers, who had gone for a morsel of food, were viciously and brutally killed by the Iranians and thrown into the river," Nafisa Danish, an activist at the protest, told AFP. "Where are the human rights? This Iranian massacre should be condemned." Another protester Suraya Ahmadi called on Afghan, UN and Iranian authorities to probe the case. "We staged this protest to condemn the killing of our people who went to Iran to support their families," Ahmadi said. Forensic evidence and survivor accounts show the Iranian border guards first flogged the victims with wire cables then forced them at gunpoint to jump into the river, Noori said last week. The Afghan Human Rights Commission has said the Iranian guards made the migrants cross the Harirud river and "as a result a number of them drowned".The United States, which frequently trades threats with Iran and has imposed strict sanctions on the country, has backed the Kabul administration's decision to investigate the incident. "Iran's cruel treatment and abuse of Afghan migrants alleged in these reports is horrifying," US Acting Assistant Secretary for South Asia Alice Wells said on Twitter last week. Between 1.5 million and three million Afghan refugees live and work in Iran, most of them as wage laborers on construction projects. Tens of thousands returned to Afghanistan after the coronavirus outbreak, but as restrictions ease in badly hit Iran, many are again seeking work there.

SDF Commanders Flee to Turkey, Finance Officer Killed
Ankara - Saeed Abdulrazek/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Kurdish commanders from the Syrian Democratic Forces, carrying the Turkish nationality, have been recently escaping to Turkey, reports said Sunday. The Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said that a Turkish Kurd SDF finance official was killed while attempting to cross the border to Turkey.
The official "serves as a finance officer in the Syrian Democratic Forces. He was trying to escape to Turkey with large sums of money in his possession, while another person was escorting him,” the Observatory said. It said the official planned to cross into Turkey through Jatli village and Qarmani town on the border where Turkish vehicles were waiting for him. “However, after repeated visits to the area, he was tracked by SDF intelligence members and was shot dead while attempting to escape. There were no further details on the fate of the person escorting him,” SOHR said. The London-based watchdog said it recently monitored similar incidents, which suggest that the escape of SDF commanders from Turkey’s Kurds is on the rise. “In the past few days, another finance official in al-Derbasiyah managed to escape with large sums of cash after coordinating with Turkey,” the Observatory said. It added that a Turkish-born woman, who serves as an SDF commander in Raqqa, and another official responsible for tunnels in Kobani have also managed to flee to Turkey. Separately, an armed clash erupted Sunday among Turkish-backed factions in north Hasaka.The fighting took place between “Al-Hamzat Division” faction and “Sultan Suleiman Shah” faction in the area between the villages of Al-Dadoya and Al-Arisha in rural Ras al-Ain, north of Hasaka province. No casualties were reported. The Observatory said the residents demanded the demilitarization of their city.

LNA Vows to End Erdogan’s Plans in Libya
Cairo - Khalid Mahmoud/Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Leader of the Libyan National Army (LNA) Khalifa Haftar has vowed to defeat militias and put a stop to Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s plans in the country. LNA spokesman Major General Ahmed al-Mismari announced that the Army will not stop until liberating Tripoli and defeating extremists, criminal militias, mercenaries, foreign fighters, and Turkish invaders. He warned foreign troops that they are running low on time and the LNA will not stop until the “extremist Erdogan’s project” has been terminated.
Mismari announced that LNA’s air defenses downed a Turkish ‘Bayraktar’ Mini Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), south of Tripoli. Meanwhile, head of the Government of National Accord Fayez al-Sarraj accused the LNA of firing hundreds of rockets at residential neighborhoods in the vicinity of Mitiga airport. The rockets also reached the airport and damaged its facilities. "The forces of war criminal (Haftar) fired more than a hundred rockets and missiles at residential areas in the center of the capital Tripoli Saturday", the GNA said in a statement. Sarraj said the government has no choice but to respond to the aggression. Turkey's Foreign Ministry announced that the strikes targeted its interests, including representative offices in Libya, warning that it will consider Haftar’s elements as a legitimate target. However, LNA said that Turkey has set up a military airbase in Mitiga airport, despite GNA’s denial. Civil aviation has been suspended at the airport for about two months due to repeated bombardments. Operation Volcano of Rage announced that three people were killed and 12 others injured, including three children, in LNA’s attacks. It indicated that the airport was also damaged. The Operation announced that since the beginning of Ramadan, over 34 people have been killed and more than 80 wounded, including women and children. It also noted that the attack destroyed a number of the city’s infrastructure and homes.In addition, Libya’s National Oil Corp (NOC) announced that fuel tanks at Tripoli’s Mitiga airport were targeted in the attack, causing a large fire. The NOC statement indicated that four tanks were directly hit and completely burnt, while six others were extensively damaged. Videos and images shared from the scene showed plumes of black smoke near the airport.
The United Nations Support Mission in Libya (UNSMIL) strongly condemned the increased attacks on civilian populated areas in Tripoli, including the shelling on Tripoli’s Zawiat al-Dahmani neighborhood, near the Turkish embassy and the Italian ambassador’s residence, which reportedly killed at least two civilians and injured three others. UNSMIL will continue to document violations to be shared, where relevant, with the Panel of Experts and the International Criminal Court, it said. Unlike previous statements, UNSMIL did not call on parties to end all clashes and resume the political process.

Egypt Underscores Need to Maintain Global ‘Multilateral’ System

Asharq Al-Awsat/Monday, 11 May, 2020
Egypt's Permanent Representative to the UN Mohamed Idris.
Egypt urged effective international solidarity in confronting world challenges, starting with the coronavirus pandemic. Such solidarity will be part of a new international vision that paves the way for a new phase in the global system to achieve the United Nations’ sustainable development goals and preserve the legitimacy and credibility of the multilateral international system, said Egypt's Permanent Representative to the UN Mohamed Idris. He made his remarks during a virtual Security Council meeting on Sunday marking the 75th anniversary of the end of the second World War.
The ambassador noted that even with the international system’s success in preventing a new world war, it failed to sufficiently settle regional clashes and conflicts and eliminate nuclear weapons.Moreover, he said that despite achieving some progress in sustainable development and protecting human rights, large  numbers of people still suffer from poverty, famine and lack of essential needs. According to Idris, the COVID-19 pandemic tested the concept of international cooperation and demonstrated that despite the need for multilateral work, the international community was still sorely lacking in this regard. It is necessary for the international community to show coordinated solidarity to effectively confront the current and future challenges caused by the pandemic through a new international vision that derives lessons from the past, he suggested.

Cheers and Tears as Europe's Kids Go Back to School
Agence France Presse/Naharnet/May 11/2020
Excited children greeted their friends and weary parents got used to early starts again as schools in several European countries reopened after a nearly two-month coronavirus break. Pupils toted their backpacks for the first time since March in France and the Netherlands as primary schools partially reopened, with strict measures in place to prevent a second wave of the pandemic.
As wider lockdown measures eased across the continent, schools also reopened their doors in Switzerland and the Balkans, while secondary schools in Greece were coming back to life. "The children were really looking forward to coming back to school. They were jumping with joy when they saw their friends again, they were very happy," 43-year-old Manon told AFP as she dropped off her three children at Willemspark primary school in The Hague. "It's good for them. We've been through a unique period... they liked the free time but of course they missed their friends a lot, and the structure that schools give them," added the Dutch healthcare worker, who asked that her surname not be used. She added that the family "had to get up early, like we did before." To prevent any resurgence of the virus, Dutch schools were allowing only half the normal number of children in at one time, with children either attending morning or afternoon sessions, or coming in on alternate days. Measures to disinfect schools were also being taken but Manon said "luckily the children can go near each other without having to respect the 1.5-metre (social distancing) rule. They really appreciate that, they can touch and play games without worrying."
'I won't go'
Scandinavian countries and Austria led the way with school reopenings earlier this month, partly on the grounds that children appear less susceptible to the disease. But there are still worries that Monday's wave of reopenings has come too soon. French President Emmanuel Macron's decision to reopen schools has sparked criticism, even in regions where the number of cases is especially low, over fears it will cause a new spike in infections. Italy and Spain, hit hard by the coronavirus, are among at least half a dozen countries that have cancelled class until September. Britain has said some primary school students may be able to return from June. In Greece, where only students in the final year of secondary school are returning on Monday, there were similar worries. "I won't go. Most of the pupils I know won't go," Anastasia Kyriazis, a 17-year-old pupil from Nea Manolada in western Greece, told AFP. "If we were to return we would attend classes for about a month. I prefer to stay home and study ahead of the exams."At the Ninth Athens high school in the heart of the Greek capital few students were wearing masks. Small groups of students appeared happy to see each other again after the break. In Switzerland, the atmosphere was similar to after the long summer holidays -- albeit with schools reopening with half groups, and with extra hygiene measures and social distancing. At one Geneva school some small children were in tears as they had to leave their parents' arms, an AFP reporter saw. Parents weren't allowed to go into the playground with their children, and police standing nearby enforced the rules.
- 'We're ready' -
Many schools were also returning across the Balkans. In Croatia, nurseries and schools for children aged six to 10 were allowed back on an optional basis, for example if both parents work outside home and have no other means to take care of their child. Class sizes are also halved. However the move sparked a heated debate as the responsibility was put on parents, while many warned that it would be impossible for children and teachers to follow social distancing regulations. Serbian primary schools and nurseries were also reopening on Monday but on a similarly optional basis and with restrictions. Children also required a medical certificate to return. Olivera Zubic, 37, who runs a small private primary school in Belgrade, said around a third of her pupils were expected to return. "We've made all the preparations and the parents will come at fixed times, one couple by one. They will be met by a nurse who will measure their temperature and their childrens'," she said. "We're ready but it remains to be seen how it will work in practice."

The Latest LCCC English analysis & editorials from miscellaneous sources published on May 10-11/2020
After Five Bloody Years in Syria, Russia Is Turning Against Iran—and Assad
Jeremy Hodge/The Daily Beast/May 11/2020
جيرمي هودج/ديلي بيست: روسيا وبعد 5 سنوات دامية في سوريا تنقلب ضد إيران والأسد
http://eliasbejjaninews.com/archives/86080/%d8%ac%d9%8a%d8%b1%d9%85%d9%8a-%d9%87%d9%88%d8%af%d8%ac-%d8%af%d9%8a%d9%84%d9%8a-%d8%a8%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%b3%d9%8a%d8%a7-%d9%88%d8%a8%d8%b9%d8%af-5-%d8%b3%d9%86%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%aa/
Vladimir Putin wants a stable Syria, with billions from abroad for his oligarch cronies to rebuild the country. But Assad’s infamy and the ayatollahs stand in the way.
GAZIANTEP, Turkey—After five years fighting to preserve Bashar al-Assad’s regime in Syria, Russia now appears inclined to dispose of its infamous client. Assad’s persistent brutality and corruption, and his inability to establish even the semblance of a functioning state, has grown to be a burden Moscow would prefer not to bear.
And then there’s the problem of Iran. Assad, members of his family, and his Alawite clansmen enjoy close, perhaps unbreakable, bonds to the regime in Tehran and to Iranian-backed militias in Syria. All of which undermines Moscow’s primary mission there: to rehabilitate the Assad regime as a symbol of stability capable of attracting hundreds of billions of dollars of foreign investment for reconstruction, which Russian firms would then be poised to receive.
As long as Assad’s relatives continue to function as a mafia and give free rein to Iranian troops using Syria as base of operations to threaten Israel and plan attacks against U.S. troops in Iraq, those countries likely to foot the bill for Syrian reconstruction—the nations of Europe and the Gulf—are unlikely to come up with the cash.
This has not gone unnoticed by the United States.
“Assad has done nothing to help the Russians sell this regime,”James Jeffrey, the U.S. special envoy for the Coalition to Defeat ISIS, told reporters in a State Department briefing on Thursday. “You find Assad has nothing but thugs around him, and they don’t sell well either in the Arab world or in Europe. We have heard repeatedly from Russians we take as credible that they understand how bad Assad is.”
The Syrian president’s “refusal to make any compromises” in order to secure diplomatic recognition and acceptance for his regime has jeopardized “hundreds of billions of dollars in reconstruction assistance” for Syria, according to Jeffrey.
Yet the Trump administration is unlikely to exploit this growing rift. “Getting Russia out of Syria,” Jeffrey said, “has never been our goal. Russia has been there for 30 years. It has a long-term relationship with Syria. We don’t think it has been healthy for the region. We don’t think it really is even healthy for Russia. But that’s not our policy.”
MEDIA FRENZY
Jeffrey’s statements come just one week after Russian state media unleashed a slew of reports and editorials targeting Assad, portraying the beleaguered president as hopelessly corrupt and unfit to govern, and suggesting the time had come to replace him with a new leader.
The first batch of articles was published by the Russia’s Federal News Agency (FNA), an outlet owned by Yevgeny Prigozhin, a Russian oligarch and chairman of several companies implicated in the 2016 U.S. elections scandal. Appearing over the course of a mere three hours on April 17, they would shake Syria to its core.
The first of the three articles in question highlighted a corruption scheme carried out by the regime in summer 2019 in which the Syrian prime minister purportedly lied to citizens about oil and gas scarcities in order to justify the occurrence of long power outages while selling Syrian electricity to businessmen in Lebanon. The second piece cited an opinion poll claiming only 32 percent of Syrians would vote for Assad in the country’s upcoming 2021 presidential election.
The third and final article, entitled, “Corruption is Worse than Terrorism,” chastized President Assad for personally failing to combat corruption, prevalent at all levels of the state.
That these were published by Prigozhin’s news agency was the kind of signal it would be hard for Assad to miss. Prigozhin, who first built his fortune as a caterer, is sometimes known as “Putin’s chef.” But of particular relevance to Syria is his role as chairman of the Wagner Group, whose mercenaries have fought alongside Assad regime forces since October 2015 and helped the latter take back control of key revenue generating infrastructure such as the al-Sha’ir gas field in Homs province.
Deputy Assistant Secretary Christopher Robin told the same State Department briefing Thursday, “Wagner is often misleadingly referred to as a Russian private military company, but in fact it’s an instrument of the Russian government which the Kremlin uses as a low-cost and low-risk instrument to advance its goals.”
The article on corruption would also point out, suggestively, that the Assads are not the only powerful family in Syria, “there are also the Makhloufs.”
Rami Makhlouf, who is in fact Bashar al-Assad’s first cousin, is Syria’s wealthiest man, and also, it would seem, Russia’s man. Certainly he has strong ties to the Kremlin and for years has been one of the most vocal critics of Iran’s presence in Syria. In July 2018, the al-Watan newspaper, one Syria’s most prominent pro-regime mouthpieces and owned by Rami Makhlouf since 2006, published a then unprecedented public rebuke to Iran, accusing it of sponsoring Islamist fanaticism throughout the Middle East alongside Turkey and Qatar, the main backers of Syria’s opposition. (Rami Makhlouf’s father Muhammad and brother Hafiz meanwhile are alleged by some to be living in Russia.)
The April 17 articles published by Prigozhin’s FNA preceded the release of a wave of other articles and items in the media over the next 12 days that would further drive home the point that Moscow was considering options other than Assad to rule Syria.
TASS, Russia’s largest state-run news agency, wrote in one editorial that, “Russia suspects that Assad is not only unable to lead the country anymore, but also that the head of the Syrian regime is dragging Moscow towards the Afghani scenario.” This is like evoking the Vietnam War for an American audience, a reference to the Kremlin’s botched campaign through the 1980s that helped bankrupt the Soviet Union and finally break it apart.
Amid this coverage, TASS would also take swipes at Iran, claiming that the Islamic Republic has “no interest in achieving stability in the region, because it considers it a battlefield with Washington”.
On April 30, the Russian International Affairs Council (RIAC), a think tank established by Moscow’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, released a scathing report saying Russia was in talks with other parties to the Syrian conflict to draw up plans for a political resolution that did not include Bashar al-Assad as president. The report highlighted purported Russian efforts to compel the Syrian regime to commit to ceasefires with both American-backed and Kurdish-led Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF), and the Turkish-backed Free Syrian Army (FSA) opposition, while beginning steps to form a new unity government that would include representatives from both.
That day, Rami Makhlouf, whose assets were frozen five months earlier as part of a tax dispute, uploaded a video onto his personal Facebook page accusing the Assad regime of corruption. In a state known for carrying out the full-scale slaughter of those who test its authority, Makhlouf’s videos, coming on the heels of the unprecedented Russian attacks in the media, sent shockwaves throughout the country.
THE ROYAL FAMILY
While the Makhlouf clan clearly has thrown its lot in with Russia, key members of Bashar al-Assad’s immediate family and others with ties to Qardaha in Syria’s largely Alawite Latakia province, are among the most prominent Iranian-backed militia leaders in Syria. It’s an alliance that traces back to his father Hafez al-Assad, who was born in Qardaha, and who forged ties with the Iranian revolution almost from its beginning more than 40 years ago. The Iranians responded by offering religious legitimacy to the Alawite sect, which is regarded as heretical by Sunnis and indeed by many Shi’a.
These Qardaha militia leaders have regularly engaged in armed clashes against Russian backed units. They are among the most egregious violators and abusers of power, overseeing wide networks of corruption similar to those lamented in the Russian media. And foremost among them is Bashar’s younger brother, Maher al-Assad.
Since April 2018, Maher al-Assad has commanded the Syrian Army’s 4th Armored Division, one of country’s oldest, best equipped and overwhelmingly Alawite brigades. After the 2011 outbreak of the Syrian revolution, when the loyalty of much of the army was in doubt, it became a refuge for numerous Alawite-Shi’a dominated pro-regime militias.
Currently, the 4th Armored Division’s members control many smuggling operations throughout the country, in cities from Albu Kamel on Syria’s eastern border with Iraq to Latakia on the Syrian coast, where the port was leased to Iran on October 1 last year. It has since become one of the biggest export hubs for drugs headed to markets in Europe, the Middle East and North Africa.
Examples abound:
On July 5, 2019, Greek coast guard and drug enforcement officials announced the biggest drug bust in history, seizing 5.25 tons (33 million pills) of Captagon amphetamines worth $660m hidden in shipping containers loaded at the Latakia port in Syria. That followed a long string of such seizures made by Greek authorities. More recently, in late April, customs officials in both Saudi Arabia and Egypt also announced the seizure of similar quantities of drugs in containers traced back to Latakia. Local reports have accused a range of actors including Maher al-Assad’s 4th Division, Hizbollah, Rami Makhlouf, and others of profiting from the massive drug exports emanating from the port.
In January 2019 the 4th Armored Division launched attacks on the Russian-backed Tiger Forces unit in an attempt to wrest control of smuggling routes between regime- and opposition-held territory in Idlib province. The clashes led to the death of 70 fighters. These and other skirmishes prompted Russia to back a major campaign to arrest 4th Division and other Iranian-backed units throughout the country beginning in April 2019, which succeeded in rounding up numerous mid-ranking Iranian-backed officers.
Among those targeted in the campaign was Bashar Talal al-Assad, a cousin to the president (similar name, different people) who was wanted on drug and weapons trafficking charges. Unlike others who were detained in the roundup, Bashar Talal al-Assad and his ‘Areen Brigade managed to fight off Russian-backed forces that sought to arrest him in Qardaha. He then pledged to attack Russia’s Hmeimim military base, located 17 miles east of Latakia city, in the event the regime sought to arrest him again.
For Russia, the threat of such attacks on its military infrastructure is a real concern. The Hmeimim base—from which Moscow has directed its entire military campaign in Syria—had already been subject to a series of attacks from January to October 2018 by other Iranian-backed militias in the area.
The threat posed by both Iran’s acquisition of the Latakia port and its support for local Assad family proxies in Syria’s coastal region is exacerbated by the fact that Tehran has also begun making progress toward completing construction of its Shalamcha railroad, which, via stops in Basra, Baghdad, Albu Kamel and Damascus, will give Tehran direct access to the Syrian and Lebanese coasts.
If Iran succeeds in integrating the Latakia port with the Shalamcha rail line, this will cut off Hmeimim from Russian forces in central and southern Syria and enable Tehran to quickly deliver weapons to proxy forces in Latakia that are already engaged in clashes against Russian-backed groups.
WORLDWIDE CONSENSUS
Moscow’s inability to control Iranian backed Syrian militiamen engaged in widespread crime, corruption, and assaults on Russian forces has infuriated the Kremlin. But Russia is not the only major player on the ground with scores to settle against Iran, and the Russian military leadership in Syria has ignored if not largely encouraged Israeli strikes on Iranian troops throughout the country.
It may not be coincidental that the Israeli attacks have increased in pace and scope since April, following the flurry of Russian media articles attacking Assad and his regime. “We have moved from blocking Iran’s entrenchment in Syria to forcing it out of there, and we will not stop,” Israel’s new defense minister, Naftali Bennett, declared on April 28.
Without Russia, Iran has found itself the odd man out in Syria, the single party still seeking to push for war at a time when most other international players have been struck with fatigue and simply seek to put Syria’s pieces back together. President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan of Turkey, the last patron of Syria’s battered FSA opposition, has himself made peace with Moscow, effectively agreeing last March to cede control of wide swaths of rebel held territory after a particularly bloody Russian led campaign against the last FSA holdout in Idlib province that ended in victory for regime forces.
Ironically, Erdoğan’s long-held desire to overthrow Syria’s president may still come to fruition, albeit not as he expected, as Assad’s ouster may come at the hands of Russia itself, and not the revolution.

Libyan Civil War Aggravated by the Threat of COVID-19

Tzvi Kahn/New Africa Daily/May 11/2020
According to official statistics COVID-19 has barely affected Libya, but the true number of cases is likely underreported. An ongoing civil war, a large refugee and migrant population, and a deficient healthcare system threaten to exacerbate the spread of the disease, further destabilizing a country already devastated by years of conflict.
To date, the Libyan National Center for Disease Control has reported sixty-four COVID-19 infections and three deaths. The country’s ability to monitor the outbreak is very limited; as of May 7, the country has performed only 2,338 tests. To forestall further infections, the Government of National Accord imposed a ten-day, 24-hour curfew in areas under its control from April 17, forbade intercity travel, banned driving, and closed the country’s borders and airspace.
“Now is not the time to reduce caution,” says Elizabeth Hoff, head of mission for the World Health Organization in Libya. “The low numbers reported should not fool us into a false sense of security. Libya is in the early stages of the epidemic and has not yet reached the height of infection. Until the test becomes more widespread, it will be impossible to ascertain the extent of the disease and its geographical spread.”
HOSPITALS UNDER ATTACK
The pandemic comes amid the long-running civil war between the Tripoli-based, UN-backed government of Prime Minister Fayez al-Sarraj, known as the Government of National Accord (GNA), and the eastern-based government backed by the House of Representatives, which has aligned itself with Field Marshall Khalifa Haftar’s Libyan National Army (LNA). As Frederic Wehrey of the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace has noted, the latest stage of the conflict, which began in April 2019 when Haftar’s forces launched an attack on Tripoli, has further compounded the damage to Libya’s already weak health system.
The International Rescue Committee reported in March that there had been sixty-two attacks on hospitals and other health facilities in the previous year, and in April rockets fired by the LNA struck Al-Khadra General Hospital in Tripoli, where COVID-19 patients are treated. “This is a health system that was close to collapse before you got COVID-19,” Hoff says.
THE PANDEMIC COULD BE CATASTROPHIC FOR MIGRANTS
The country’s sizable population of refugees and migrants—an estimated 700,000 in total—further intensifies the crisis. Many of them reside in densely populated, unhygienic detention centers where other diseases, rape, extortion, and abuse are prevalent. A spokesman for the UN International Organization for Migration has warned that an outbreak of COVID-19 would be “truly catastrophic” for this population.
“International intervention has also continued unabated” in the civil war, writes Wehrey, “with thousands of mercenaries, including Syrians, Russians, and Sudanese, flowing into both sides and acting as potential pathogen vectors.”
THE CONFLICT HAS TO END
A UN official has warned that failure to end the civil war would likely lead to further infections. “If Libya is to have any chance against COVID-19, the ongoing conflict must come to an immediate halt,” said Yacoub El Hillo, the UN secretary-general’s deputy special representative in Libya as he condemned the latest attack on the Tripoli hospital.
An immediate end to the war, however, remains unlikely. On April 20, the UN Support Mission in Libya issued a statement expressing “grave concern” about “the deteriorating humanitarian situation in Tripoli and its surroundings as a result of the intensification of fighting in the past few days”. This fighting, the statement continued, had resulted in the wounding of at least twenty-eight civilians and five deaths. “Indiscriminate attacks,” the statement added, could “amount to war crimes.” Four days later, shelling of Tripoli by Haftar’s forces killed another three civilians.
The prosecutor of the International Criminal Court warned of potential war crimes in Libya.
For now, though, pro-GNA forces appear to have the upper hand. The GNA has said it was close to breaking Haftar’s siege of Tripoli after pro-GNA forces had seized several key towns in the west. Those forces have begun a siege on the town of Tarhouna, Haftar’s key western stronghold.
On April 27, Haftar declared in a televised speech that the 2015 UN-brokered agreement to unite the country was a “thing of the past”, and that he would form a new government for the entire country. This statement further inflamed tensions between the east and the west. Two days later, Haftar’s forces declared a unilateral ceasefire, noting that it was responding to international calls for a humanitarian pause during the holy month of Ramadan, but the GNA rejected the truce, suspecting Haftar was using it merely to resupply his forces.
Since then, hostilities have resumed. On May 5, Fatou Bensouda, prosecutor of the International Criminal Court, warned of potential war crimes in Libya. Meanwhile, Prime Minister al-Sarraj called for a resumption of UN-brokered talks.
Should the two sides lay down their arms, they may be able to refocus their attention on combatting COVID-19. In the meantime, the civilian population caught in the middle will continue to pay a heavy price.
*Tzvi Kahn is a research fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD). Follow Tzvi on Twitter @TzviKahn. Follow FDD on Twitter @FDD. Based in Washington, D.C., FDD is a nonpartisan research institute focusing on national security and foreign policy.

COVID-19, hostages, drowning: Iranian regime criminality may be increasing
Seth J. Frantzman/Jerusalem Post/May 11/2020
جيرازالم بوست: ما بين الرهائن واغراق وقتل المعارضين والكورونا النظام الإيراني يزداد اجراماً

Iran's human rights violations and the regime’s criminal actions are often ignored or wrapped up in larger discussions about its other behavior.
In January Iran shot down a Ukrainian Airlines civilian airliner. Since then, Iran has put up roadblocks to the investigation its mass killing of the 176 people on board, and has prevented quick handover of black boxes and joint investigations.
Last week, the BBC accused Iran’s Mahan Air of operating amid the coronavirus pandemic and spreading the virus across the region and the world without proper safeguards.
Over the weekend it was revealed that Iran had beaten, tortured and drowned dozens of poor Afghan migrants. In addition, Tehran continues to hold hostage a British-Australian academic which UK reports say has damaged her health. Last year, Iran gunned down numerous protesters and sent proxy groups to Iraq to conduct a wave of attacks on protesters there.
Steinitz: US, Israel to discuss drawing down peacekeeping force in Sinai
While Iran’s decision to advance its ballistic missile or nuclear program is generally seen through the lens of international relations and discussions about how to “deal” with the regime, its human rights violations and the regime’s criminal actions are often ignored or wrapped up in larger discussions about its other behavior. For instance, Iran’s nuclear program and its prodding of proxies to harass ships in the Gulf and US forces in Iraq is seen as a form of “provocation” that was brought on by US-Iran tensions.
Antony Blinken, a foreign policy advisor under Obama recently pointed out that the US “maximum pressure” campaign is leading to Iran “restarting dangerous elements of its nuclear program.” Obama administration insider Ben Rhodes tweeted on May 8 that the results of dismantling Obama’s Iran policies resulted in Iran being “closer to a nuke.”
However, a larger question looms regarding the Iranian regime policies that are not linked to purely military initiatives. For instance, while Iran put a military satellite into orbit recently and has built new drones and missiles, the other side of Iran’s actions tend to be more outwardly criminal. For instance, downing the civilian airliner and initially denying it. Or drowning migrants or kidnapping foreign academics and holding them hostage.
Regime apologists present no explanation for how this behavior is linked to something that was done to Iran. Tehran’s leadership tends to play up the idea that Iran is a victim, either of Western support for the Shah, a 1953 coup, sanctions or other actions. In this narrative, the regime can present itself abroad as other countries do.
BUT THE actual behavior of the regime is not just about getting around sanctions, which every government would likely seek to do. Nothing forces Iran to drown migrants, down civilian airliners or purposely obfuscate about the extent of coronavirus in the country, while flying airliners around the world and endangering passengers and crew. If Iran is merely trying to get around sanctions and trying to prove to the world that the US behavior is problematic, why kidnap and use foreign academics as bargaining chips, keeping them in harsh conditions in prisons when they committed no crime?
Iran is not the only regime that does this: Turkey and North Korea have detained Westerners and then suddenly released them. But the multiple layers of Iran’s behavior compared to how it tries to present itself on the international stage is unique.
Has Iran’s criminal behavior increased with the recent drownings, coronavirus cover-ups, abuses of academics, shooting of protesters, and the downing of a civilian airliner? The regime may be increasing its brutality and using the tensions with America as a cover. For instance Iran’s foreign ministry sought to use the coronavirus crisis to demand a way around sanctions, claiming that the sanctions harmed its battle against the virus. If this had been accurate, then Iran would have stopped Mahan air flights and sought aid in mid-February.
Instead, Iran hid the extent of the virus in February and even prevented Doctors Without Borders from helping. The Islamic Republic could have admitted immediately that it shot down a civilian airliner in January and helped Ukraine study the black boxes, instead of harming the investigation.
Why did Iranian border guards force 57 men and children into a river on May 1, where most of them drowned? Amateur videos have now located where the poor workers died. The regime’s order to murder the Afghans is not unique. It also guns down Kurdish workers without trial in the West Azerbaijan province city of Khoy, accusing them of smuggling. Over the weekend, Iranian security forces shot at a group of these Kurdish “kolbars” causing the death of one of them.
The long list of regime crimes paints a picture of state policy, from downing airliners to shooting protesters and migrants and abusing academics, to spreading a virus among vulnerable airline staff.

How Iran is losing its grip in Iraq
Eli Lake/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
إيلي ليك من بلومبرك: إيران تفقد قبضتها على العراق

When US missiles killed Iran’s most important general and its most important militia leader in early January as they were visiting Baghdad, it looked like American forces would be kicked out of Iraq. Iraq’s parliament convened just hours after the strike and approved a symbolic resolution to expel the US.
More than four months later, not only are US forces still there, but it’s clear that the killings have created space for a new Iraqi government to assert some independence from its powerful neighbour.
The signs of this new approach have been building over recent months, and the ascendancies last week of Mustafa Al-Kadhimi to the post of transitional prime minister is the latest and most profound.
Kadhimi’s platform is not as pointed in its criticism of US actions as his predecessor’s was. It says Iraq will not allow its territories to be used as a base for launching aggression against any of its neighbours and will not become a battlefield for regional and international conflicts
Consider that Kataib Hezbollah, the militia largely responsible for attacks on US positions in Iraq, openly accused the new prime minister of participating in the US plot to kill the Iranian leaders during the negotiations to select an interim prime minister. The militia opposed Kadhimi and threatened violence if he became prime minister. The Iraqi Parliament ignored it.
Normally, the opposition of a militia supported and directed by Iran would be a clear sign that Iran sees Kadhimi as an unacceptable choice for prime minister. Kataib Hezbollah acts as an arm of the Quds Force commanded by General Qassem Soleimani, who was killed in the US drone strike.
This time around, the Iranians have indicated that they will live with him.
Why? Kadhimi was able to take advantage of schisms within Iran’s own power centers, says Nibras Kazimi, the founder of Talisman Gate. A turf battle among Iranian factions in Iraq has “opened up space in Baghdad for previously unexpected outcomes,” he says.
Those schisms in Iran could nonetheless be good for US interests. Kadhimi’s platform explicitly calls for reform of the Interior Ministry, whose forces coordinated with Iranian-backed militias to violently disperse recent peaceful protests against Iranian influence.
The new chief of that ministry will be General Othman Ghanimi, an American-trained officer who is currently the chief of staff of Iraq’s military. His new ministry was once infiltrated by militia leaders who showed more loyalty to Soleimani and Iran than to Iraq. He now has an opportunity to clean house, a longtime US objective.
Kadhimi has also pledged to take on corruption, which is the primary issue for the national protest movement “and a primary reason that Iran is able to exert influence in Iraq.
Independent foreign policy
Kadhimi’s platform is not as pointed in its criticism of US actions as his predecessor’s was. It says Iraq will not allow “its territories to be used as a base for launching aggression against any of its neighbours and will not become a battlefield for regional and international conflicts.”
At the same time, it indirectly says it will not allow Iran to manage its relationship with Iraq the way it did in the Soleimani years: “As far as foreign relations are concerned, the state shall communicate with official institutions only, and according to the international diplomatic norms, and not with individuals or non-official entities.”
There is no single event that has caused Iran’s current loss of influence in Iraq. Nationwide protests against corruption and Iranian influence, as well as internal strife within and among Iranian-backed militias, helped Kadhimi’s rise. At the same time, Soleimani’s death was a factor.
“When Soleimani was killed, Iran had already overplayed its hand and was suffering the consequences,” says Michael Knights, a senior fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy. Since his death, he says, Iran’s position in Iraq has weakened even further. “It still has influence, but not control.”
If that’s true, it’s a positive development — not just for Iraq but for the entire Middle East.
*Eli Lake is a Bloomberg Opinion columnist covering national security and foreign policy

Pompeo to Israel: A Scene Setter
Jacob Nagel & Jonathan Schanzer/FDD/May 11/2020
U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo is visiting Israel on Wednesday. It will be the first international trip by a senior American official since the COVID-19 pandemic began. During his visit, Pompeo will meet with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu and the man who will be his new defense minister and primary coalition partner, Benny Gantz, perhaps on the day they form their new unity government.
Before his last meeting with Pompeo in Lisbon, Netanyahu told reporters that he planned to discuss three topics: Iran, Iran, and Iran. His priorities have not changed. Netanyahu will undoubtedly want to discuss the Islamic Republic of Iran and its wide range of malign activity. Israel remains very concerned about Iran’s nuclear advances but also Tehran’s proliferation of dangerous weapons, including precision–guided munitions (PGMs), to proxies such as Shiite militias in Syria and Hezbollah in Lebanon. The facilities that produce those weapons are a major Israeli concern, as are Iran’s plans to remain in Syria for the long term. In addition, Pompeo, Netanyahu, and Gantz are certain to discuss Israel’s plans for annexing territory in the West Bank. Israeli business ties with China may also come up, particularly given recent tensions between Beijing and Washington over China’s failure to contain the COVID-19 crisis.
Iran Iran long ago crossed the threshold on low-enriched uranium, producing enough fissile material for more than one nuclear device. The U.S. policy of maximum sanctions pressure on Iran continues, imposed mostly on a unilateral basis. Finding international partners to constrain Iran remains a priority for both countries. The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is working to resolve issues relating to Iranian nuclear violations, especially Comprehensive Safeguards Agreement violations revealed by documents Israel captured in a 2018 raid on an Iranian nuclear archive. IAEA inspectors subsequently visited some sites exposed by those documents. The IAEA is requesting immediate and unrestricted admission to three suspected nuclear sites, but Iran is stalling for time. Israel continues to support Pompeo’s 12 requirements that Iran must meet to demonstrate that it is a “normal country,” ranging from halting terrorism sponsorship abroad to ceasing other malign behavior around the Middle East. The Israelis view the January 3 strike on Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps Major General Qassem Soleimani as a boost for U.S. policy because it restored the credible threat of military force. But it is unclear to officials in Jerusalem whether the Trump administration is willing to strike Iran in the future in response to other attacks on America or its regional interests. Nor is it clear how the Trump administration will respond to Iranian violations of U.S. and Israeli “red lines” associated with Iran’s nuclear program. Israeli officials remain concerned that Iran’s nuclear advances and other destabilizing activities could increase, particularly if Tehran is able to convince the international community to grant sanctions relief. The international arms embargo on Iran is set to lapse in October, only adding to these concerns.
Iran’s Proxies
Even without sanctions relief, Iran is pushing ahead with plans to provide its proxies with PGMs, which Israel deems to be “game changing weapons.” Israel is concerned that Hezbollah or Iran’s other proxies may acquire an independent capability to produce these weapons or to convert unguided missiles into an accurate ones. If Iran’s proxies amass enough PGMs to pose a significant threat, Israel will need to act preemptively. Israel seeks to maintain total freedom to strike at these weapons.
Media reports suggest that Israel conducted five separate strikes on Iranian assets and proxies in Syria over the last two weeks. The Israelis do not always take credit for these attacks. But from the Israeli perspective, the goal is always the same: There can be no Iranian or Hezbollah forces on Syrian soil, including Shiite militias. Israel continues to strike targets involved in the transshipment of PMGs. Many, if not most, of them are destined for Hezbollah, which continues to grow its modest stockpile of these advanced weapons. Israel has also made it clear that it will neutralize terrorist threats on its northern border.
Netanyahu is expected to urge Pompeo to express full support for Israel’s right to defend its citizens through military means and to reject any international agreement that allows Iran or its proxies to operate in Syria. This is consistent with longstanding U.S. policy.
Annexation
U.S. Ambassador to Israel David Friedman broke news last week on the timeline for Israel to apply sovereignty to roughly 30 percent of the West Bank. Pursuant to President Donald Trump’s “Deal of the Century,” a joint U.S.-Israeli commission is currently mapping out potential new borders that would include existing Israeli settlement blocs and the Jordan Valley. The work should be completed by July. But even after recommendations are submitted, annexation is no simple matter. The issue is a sensitive one given the potential challenges of sustaining diplomatic momentum with some of the regional states that seek to improve relations with Israel but oppose annexation. Moreover, should Trump lose the U.S. election in November, the next U.S. administration may not approve of the annexation. Bilateral discussions are now focused on Israeli steps that are sustainable. While Netanyahu frames the issue as cut and dry, the outcome is uncertain.
China
The Trump administration continues to urge Israel to decouple economically from China. Business ventures that involve Israeli technology have prompted particular American concern. Pompeo is expected to raise this issue again and ask Israel to reconsider its deals with China, including most recently a Chinese tender for the construction of a desalination plant that would produce 20 percent of Israel’s water supply.
This U.S. request should not be viewed as inhibiting free trade. America is entering a global competition with China, and Washington wants reliable allies, especially when sensitive technologies such as artificial intelligence, quantum, hypersonic missiles, high power computing, and more are on the line. Even civilian technologies that appear innocuous could be exploited by China in deleterious ways. Israel understands this and thus created an advisory committee to review foreign investments. While the body has a long way to go before it meets the standards set by its American counterpart, the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States, Israel has taken other steps to address American concerns, such as blocking Chinese telecommunications giant Huawei from taking part in Israel’s 5G network.
The United States provides Israel with significant security and economic assistance. Israel should pay attention to America’s needs, especially regarding next–generation technologies. But the United States must also consider the economic impact its requests will have on Israel. China accounts for roughly 10 to 15 percent of Israel’s economy. America must begin to offer alternatives. Win-win solutions must be the focus.
Fortunately, Israel and the United States are already exploring ways to turn crisis into opportunity. Senators Tom Cotton (R-AR) and Gary Peters (D-MI) recently proposed the establishment of a U.S.-Israel Operations–Technology Working Group to institutionalize research and development (R&D) cooperation to address the capability gaps and needs faced by both militaries. This would ensure the two countries work together exclusively on key technologies and weapons. Israeli ingenuity and advanced R&D capabilities can help the United States, which in turn can benefit Israel.
Of course, U.S. funding has in the past supported cooperation between Israeli and American companies focused on developing cutting-edge systems, anti-terror technologies, and more. Both countries also continue to enjoy close cooperation in intelligence and cyber. One important example of the fruits of this cooperation is Israel’s multi-layered missile defense, which comprises systems developed jointly and independently by the United States and Israel. The recent attacks on U.S. bases in Iraq only underscore how the Israeli Iron Dome or Israeli-U.S. David’s Sling systems could help protect American troops on the battlefield.  Another opportunity for U.S.-Israel cooperation could come from leveraging Israeli technological innovations to bolster America’s own efforts to combat COVID-19. Israeli biotechnology firms are renowned worldwide and recently announced some breakthroughs.
Conclusion
The U.S.-Israel relationship is anchored in decades of close coordination and strong bilateral ties. But amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, the priorities and needs of both countries are shifting. Both sides will need to listen carefully and work to ensure that the U.S.-Israel strategic alliance and military partnership continues to serve the national security interests of both countries well into the future. And they will need to leave politics out of it, particularly as America enters an election cycle. The bipartisan nature of the U.S.-Israel relationship has served the national security interests of both countries for more than seven decades. It will be important to keep it that way.
*Brigadier General (res.) Jacob Nagel is a senior fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) and a visiting professor at the Technion Faculty of Aerospace Engineering. He previously served as the head of Israel’s National Security Council and as Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s acting national security advisor. Jonathan Schanzer, a former terrorism finance analyst at the U.S. Treasury Department, is senior vice president for research at FDD. They both contribute to FDD’s Center on Military and Political Power (CMPP). For more analysis from Jacob, Jonathan, and CMPP, please subscribe HERE. Follow Jonathan on Twitter @JSchanzer. Follow FDD on Twitter @FDD and @FDD_CMPP. FDD is a Washington, DC-based, nonpartisan research institute focusing on national security and foreign policy.

The JCPOA Has Not Improved Iran’s Human Rights Record

Tzvi Kahn & Alireza Nader/FDD/May 11/2020
The Obama administration routinely argued that the 2015 nuclear deal with Iran could spur Tehran to moderate, thereby reducing its systematic human rights abuses. But this forecast has proven unfounded: The Islamic Republic’s repression has only increased since 2015, demonstrating that one-sided nuclear concessions cannot produce reform in a regime defined by its radical Islamist ideology.
After reaching the agreement, formally known as the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), President Barack Obama heralded a new day in Iran’s geopolitical standing. “[T]he truth of the matter is that Iran will be and should be a regional power,” he said. This belief rested on the assumption that the JCPOA, as Deputy National Security Adviser Ben Rhodes put it, would produce “an evolution in Iranian behavior” in which Iran is “less dependent upon the types of [destabilizing] activities that they’ve been engaged in.”
Obama’s approach also stemmed from the premise that Iranian President Hassan Rouhani was a moderate whose 2013 election marked a sea-change in Iranian politics. Rhodes asserted that Rouhani was a “different type of candidate,” elected by “an Iranian populace that clearly wants to move in a different direction.” This view appeared to rely on Rouhani’s reformist rhetoric, including his release of a Charter on Citizen’s Rights, which would supposedly lead to the termination of Iran’s human rights abuses.
Yet as the State Department has consistently documented in its annual human rights reports since 2015, the regime in Tehran regularly perpetrates arbitrary or unlawful killings and arrests; torture, forced confessions, and other cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment; unfair trials with no semblance of due process; repression of civil liberties, including press freedom, internet freedom, academic freedom, and freedom of peaceful assembly; rampant corruption and lack of transparency in government; and discrimination against women, the LGBTI community, and ethnic minorities.
Similarly, the Islamic Republic’s treatment of religious minorities, particularly the Bahai and Christians, has consistently been among the worst in the world, according to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom. The regime represses religious minorities in order to create and sustain its own totalitarian vision of an ideal Islamist state. The ostensibly “Islamic” Republic does not even allow the building of Sunni mosques in Tehran.
As Asma Jahangir, the late UN special rapporteur for human rights in Iran, said in 2017, Rouhani did not “walk the talk.” In fact, she said, Rouhani’s moderate statements “render many of the reports that I continue to receive all the more painful, and the need for institutional reform all the more pressing.” Successive reports by the current special rapporteur, Javaid Rehman, show no meaningful improvement in the clerical regime’s conduct. The Charter on Citizen’s Rights remains unimplemented.
Tehran’s grim record accounts in part for the nationwide protests that have consumed Iran over the past two-and-a-half years and that have received a violent government response. Tehran killed about 1,500 demonstrators in November, according to Reuters. In particular, women’s rights have assumed center stage as countless Iranian women publicly refuse to wear the mandatory hijab, or headscarf. The regime has arrested scores of them, along with thousands of other peaceful dissenters.
As the Trump administration continues its maximum pressure campaign against Iran for the purpose of securing a better deal, the White House should recognize that many oppressed Iranians look to the United States for inspiration and leadership. The administration should add a requirement to its list of 12 preconditions for any acceptable agreement that Iran halt its human rights abuses. Unless the regime puts an end to its grave human rights violations, there will be little hope of reaching an agreement under which the regime will fundamentally change its threats to others in the region and beyond.
Tzvi Kahn is a research fellow at the Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD), where Alireza Nader is a senior follow. They both contribute to FDD’s Center on Economic and Financial Power (CEFP). For more analysis from Tzvi, Alireza, and CEFP, please subscribe HERE. Follow Tzvi and Alireza on Twitter @TzviKahn and @AlirezaNader. Follow FDD on Twitter @FDD and @FDD_CEFP. FDD is a Washington, DC-based, nonpartisan research institute focusing on national security and foreign policy.

How to Deal with Iranian Speedboats
James Stavridis/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
President Donald Trump sent a warning shot across the bow of Iran last month, tweeting that any further “harassment” of US warships by Tehran’s navy in the Gulf would result in the destruction of the Iranian units. The tweet was evidently a response to videos of Iranian ships behaving badly, and intended as a warning to stop small surface combatants – some armed with short-range missiles or guns – from buzzing by US ships at close and therefore dangerous range.
The Department of Defense, when queried about what many see as Trump’s new rules of engagement, simply said that commanding officers already have all the tools they need to respond appropriately to Iran. Translation: Thanks, but we’ve got this covered, Mr. President. How should the US and its allies think about this latest twist on Iran’s campaign to threaten stability in the region?
I’ve got a fair amount of experience in the matter. Back in the long, hot summer of 1987, I was a mid-grade naval officer serving as operations officer on the Valley Forge, a brand-new cruiser fitted with the Aegis guided-missile system that was deployed to the Gulf. The so-called tanker war -- a campaign of Iranian attacks on ships carrying crude -- was in full bloom, and our mission was to keep the Strait of Hormuz open. We escorted Kuwaiti tankers that had be “re-flagged” to the US so that we could legally provide escort service.
The threat from the Iranians was reasonably high due to their land-based Styx cruise missiles, small naval combatants with surface-to-surface missiles, some combat aircraft with air-to-surface capability, and diesel submarines. It wasn’t quite a state of war, but enough so that we spent a great deal of time at battle stations, called “general quarters” in the Navy.
As the ops boss, I was responsible for training the wardroom in the rules of engagement -- the highly detailed, classified directives that determine when and under what circumstances it is appropriate to use deadly force. An Aegis cruiser is mightily armed with its land-attack cruise missiles; anti-air guns and missiles; super-fast Gatling guns called Vulcan Phalanxes that shoot depleted uranium bullets against air and surface targets; .50 caliber machine guns; and various electronic warfare capabilities.
The trick for those standing watch was not finding the right weapon to use if attacked, but rather knowing when (and when not) to use all of that firepower. Our captain, a wise mariner and tactician who went on to become an admiral, used to say, “Remember that when you release ordnance, everything changes.” What he meant was that even a seemingly minor tactical event in a theater of operations thousands of miles from Washington could have major geopolitical implications.
The basis of any decision to open fire against an opponent is straightforward. It is based on either observation of a “hostile act” (someone shooting at you) or a clear indication of “hostile intent” (you deciding someone is about to open fire at you). In such cases, returning fire is unlikely to become controversial, but taking the first shot at an opponent because you think the other guy is about to fire can require complex analysis done in a matter of minutes or less.
Indications of hostile intent can include being illuminated by an opponent’s fire-control radar; observing weapons being pointed in your direction; intercepting radio or other telecommunications indicating an attack is imminent; a general pattern of belligerent behavior; observing combat aircraft carrying weapons headed on an attack profile; or hearing torpedo doors opening under water over a sonar listening device.
During that late-80s deployment, we gave the order to conduct an offensive attack only once, when we observed what seemed like clear hostile intent: an Iranian combat aircraft on what appeared to be an attack profile headed toward the aircraft carrier we were guarding. Our actions were effective in eliminating the threat, and were deemed appropriate after the fact.
But on many, many occasions, we came close to taking offensive action -- again based on various indicators of what might have almost been hostile intent. It was tense and dangerous duty, and we were glad to accomplish our turn and sail home.
A few months after we departed, another Aegis cruiser, the Vincennes, had less luck. The crew acted on perceived hostile intent against what they thought was an Iranian F-14 armed with air-to-surface missiles. They accidentally shot down a commercial airliner, killing 290 civilians flying from Tehran to Dubai. It was one of the most tragic mistakes the US Navy ever made.
I understand Trump’s intent in warning the Iranian government. But we should remember that all those relatively young officers and sailors in this hot spring of 2020 are already on a hair-trigger alert. They have watched Iran attack tankers and oil fields with missiles, seize and hold hostage tankers and crews, and launch ballistic missiles at US bases in Iraq. The US has responded with a variety of means, including killing Iranian General Qassem Soleimani with a drone strike.
US sailors are well trained. They will not -- nor should they -- respond to “harassment” (which can range from bad seamanship to taunts on bridge-to-bridge radio) unless and until it poses a clear, justifiable and credible threat of hostile action. We don’t want any mistakes or miscalculations in an already fraught environment.
Bottom line, Mr. President: Let the Defense Department and the Navy do the job on the front lines.

Boris Johnson’s Coronavirus Response Fails Better
Therese Raphael/Bloomberg/May 11/2020
Governments are seldom good at radically changing existing systems, much less inventing new ones and then ramping up delivery of the resulting solution in a short time span. That’s why countries caught flat-footed when the coronavirus hit have paid in lives. And yet a rare bright spot in the UK’s otherwise dismal coronavirus record was announced by Health Secretary Matt Hancock on Friday, in the manner of a child with failing grades pulling off his first A.
It was pretty evident that Hancock’s job was the on the line. In early April, as Britain moved briskly up the epidemiological curve, Hancock pledged that by the end of the month the country would be testing 100,000 people a day. At the time, the government was struggling to test one-tenth that many people, while Germany was already testing 70,000 a day comfortably. There was every reason to doubt he would succeed. With death toll now above 28,000, Britain couldn’t afford a failure.
Hancock’s announcement Friday that the target had been more than reached — 122,347 tests were provided in the 24 hours up to the announcement — was a significant milestone in Britain’s coronavirus battle. Whether it is also a turning point remains to be seen.
Mass testing is essential if the government’s track and trace policy is to prove effective. It goes hand in hand with plans underway to hire 18,000 contact tracers and to convince well over half the population to download and use a new Covid-19 app being trialed this week. When potential infections are identified, and the web of contacts mapped, tests have to be available. Regular testing can also inform people when they should isolate and when it might be safe to go to work. Finally, testing will be critical in determining if a second or third wave of concentrated infections is brewing.
Of course, there were quibbles about Hancock’s numbers. It turned out that only 70,000 people had actually been tested; the total figure included kits delivered to people’s homes and those sent out to hospitals and other sites run by the country’s National Health Service that may not have been used or sent back to laboratories.
And yet, if the momentum can be sustained, the exact number is less important than the distance traveled. It was right to set an ambitious goal. The testing figures showed the ability of government, not normally the nimblest of operators, to find solutions when push comes to shove, including by partnering with the private sector. Doing so, however, required a massive course correction.
Back in mid-January, after Chinese scientists had published the full genetic code for the virus, it was a government facility — the Colindale laboratory — that developed a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test for Covid-19. Back in 2002, the facility had also developed a test for SARS, a preceding coronavirus, and by February it seemed confidently ahead of the game on this virus too. Its diagnostic test would be conducted from 12 labs operated, like Colindale, by the state executive agency Public Health England.
The capacity announced was modest, but so they thought was demand. The UK had initially brushed off the World Health Organization’s advice to “test, test, test.” The country’s scientific advisors and government were leaning toward herd immunity — essentially just letting the virus rip until enough people had it that it burnt itself out. But that underestimated the number of infected who would need hospitalization, threatening to overwhelm the National Health Service.
As the number of cases, and deaths, shot up, Prime Minister Boris Johnson pivoted and promised the government would quickly ramp up testing. But Public Health England’s capabilities were nowhere near sufficient. Then there were problems getting enough swabs and reagents for the tests. And worries about reliability.
Ultimately, the government switched to commercial testing. Three mega-labs were set up to test samples supplemented by 50 drive-through testing centers, a home-testing service and mobile units.
The belated public-private partnership appears to have been successful. There is still a way to go, however. There are black spots around the country, places like Cornwall on the west coast where residents live more than an hour from their nearest test center. The overall testing level, as a share of population size, is still too low. There are logistical problems in getting tests to the people who need them most — especially in care homes without convenient access to testing sites. And two days after Hancock’s triumphant announcement, the government had already failed to meet the daily target.
Even so, the UK’s testing story underlines both the strengths of the British system and weaknesses that have proved fatal for so many. If Britain has suffered unduly in this crisis, it is because its response to the virus was initially so hesitant and incremental. If Johnson’s government struggled to provide the levels of testing and personal protective equipment that other countries had managed to achieve, it is partly because public bodies were too leaden and reluctant to share control.
Johnson’s long absence as he battled to recover from his own coronavirus infection didn’t help. Now that he’s back, government communications — so often cryptic and defensive as the crisis unfolded — have also improved, emulating the transparency and seriousness of communications by German Chancellor Angela Merkel and her key advisers.
Whether the UK government can apply the lessons of its recent testing success — set bold targets, be nimble in pursuing them and be transparent — will soon become clear as it rolls out the program for mass tracing and as Johnson prepares to reveal the plan for lifting lockdown restrictions in the coming week.
Another key test is whether the government can now relieve continued shortages in personal protection equipment that have endangered medical staff, forcing nearly half of doctors to source their own.
Any government can be judged on two aspects of their coronavirus response: How quickly did it act at the start to contain the virus, and how well did it learn from early mistakes and adapt? Britain started poorly and the costs for that have been tremendous. Perhaps it will now fail better.

Land of Two Ambassadors
Ghassan Charbel/Asharq Al Awsat/May 11/2020
Mustapha Kadhimi knows that he became prime minister at a critical time. He knows that the world is approaching a bleak and very difficult stage. We are not saying this out of skepticism, but out of acknowledging facts and figures.
It is a depressing phase because we keep hearing more and more calls to coexist with the pandemic, which will inevitably claim more and more lives. The wait for good news to emerge over finding a cure or vaccine is painful. As the wait goes on, more funerals will be held and the world will grow more aware of how fragile it is. It is truly a terrible thing for a mysterious virus to remind the arsenals, spaceships and robots of the world of just how weak they are. It is terrible that an unknown monster could transform the world into a vast prison and trap.
It is a difficult phase because the people coming up with the figures are speaking of an unprecedented depression and a series of catastrophes: the emergence of droves of unemployed people, a massive wave of bankruptcies and concern over the rise in poverty rates and hunger.
Hope could have been pinned on aid from wealthy countries, but the pandemic has also struck them, diminishing the hopes of poor countries in the generosity of others. The pandemic has also reopened old wounds in international relations, specifically between the United States and China. It has also exposed Europe’s weaknesses. If the upcoming phase will be difficult to even the countries with modern and stable institutions that can adapt and seek accountability, then what will it be like for countries that do not?
Kadhimi does not need to be reminded of the horrors of the Saddam Hussein regime. He could not tolerate living with it, so he left the country and tallied the regime’s violations. He returned after the regime’s collapse and set about documenting its crimes. He carried out his mission as a citizen who dreamed of a new Iraq and as a journalist who is entitled to document that phase. However, talk about the crimes of the Saddam era now seem outdated. Kadhimi realizes that there are more pressing and dangerous issues at hand. He knows what happened after the Saddam regime was overthrown and reports pouring into his office doubled when he served as chief of intelligence four years ago.
Indeed, the most dangerous file on the new prime minister’s table is Iraq’s clear failure in the post-Saddam era. It failed in building solid constitutional institutions that preserve both the rights of the people and integrity of the state, despite the various elections that have been held. The elections and arduous efforts to form successive governments have exposed the extent of the divisions between Shiites and Sunnis that led to bloody clashes. It was through these conflicts that ISIS and al-Qaeda were able to rear their heads in Iraq. The truth is that the majority of political forces did not join the battle to build a state, preferring instead to wage the battle to divide it and loot its resources.
Kadhimi realizes that the “legitimacy” obtained by the militias through their participation in the fight against ISIS has become a lethal burden because of their insistence on prioritizing the mentality of factions and threatening to use force instead of resorting to the state of law. It is also no secret that Iraq is victim to an unprecedented looting of resources that has turned a country swimming in oil on the verge of being unable to pay pensions.
The reality is that corruption has been the greatest political player in Iraq in the post-Saddam era. Such player transcends sectarian and racial borders.
Kadhimi knows that the post-Saddam era is witnessing blows traded between the US and Iran on Iraqi soil. This came to the fore after the withdrawal of American troops. Those who have closely monitored developments in Baghdad in recent years know very well that Iran has claimed for itself what appears as the right to manage Iraqi affairs, taking American reservations into account. Those who know the story of the birth of Iraqi governments know that they always had Qassem Soleimani’s touch after another bout of Iranian-American tensions.
Soleimani almost played the role of guide in the post-Saddam era. This role sometimes came close to the lines drawn by the top Shiite religious authority, Ali al-Sisitani, who avoided a direct and open clash with Iran. It also clashed with Washington’s attempts to prevent Iraq from completely slipping into Iran’s clutches.
Last year’s Iraqi intifada came as a sort of scream of protest over the failure of successive governments in tackling corruption and mending relations with the country’s various components. The intifada also showed that the Iraqis are tired of their country being used for tests of strength between the US and Iran, especially after the Trump administration withdrew from the nuclear deal and reimposed sanctions on Tehran. The killing of protesters, which have gone unpunished, underlines that the mentality of factions still overpowers the mentality of the state.
Prime Minister Adel Abdul Mahdi’s resignation in December was another example of just how dire the political, economic and social situation is in Iraq. It was also new evidence of the growing tensions between the US and Iran, which came to a head when Trump took the decision avoided by his predecessors in killing Quds Force commander Soleimani, one of Ali Khamenei’s closest men.
The Iraqi parliament granted Kadhimi’s government confidence as the world grapples with the coronavirus. He faces an arduous and complicated mission. He must listen to the protesters and tackle, if possible, the issue of those who took liberties in assassinating them. He must tackle the economic crisis and put an end to the looting of state resources. He must also mend relations with the Kurdistan Region and work tirelessly in preventing ISIS’ resurgence in the country.
The most difficult task, however, will be how to no longer allow Iraq to be used as an open arena for the US and Iran to trade blows and exchange messages. This probably explains why Kadhimi chose to begin his tenure in office by holding talks with each of the American and Iranian ambassadors. He said that Iraq will not accept to be used as an arena to settle scores or as a platform to attack a neighboring or friendly state. It is not easy being a prime minister in the land of two rivers and a land of two ambassadors.

Palestinian Leaders: A Policy of Piracy, Blackmail and Plunder
Khaled Abu Toameh/Gatestone Institute/May 11, 2020
The Palestinian leader's critics and political rivals say that Abbas is the one engaged in piracy, political extortion and theft of Palestinian money.
Palestinian human rights organizations have strongly condemned Abbas for using the salaries and pensions as a means of extortion against his political rivals and critics. Cutting salaries and pensions to political opponents for daring to speak out against corruption and the epic policy failures of the Palestinian leadership is doomed to drive these people into the open arms of terrorist groups such as Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
The next time Abbas accuses Israel of "piracy" and "theft" of Palestinian money, the international community might inquire into the Palestinian leader's own practice of depriving his people of their livelihoods because of their political affiliations and resistance to his policy of plunder.
Critics and political rivals of Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas (pictured) say that he is engaged in piracy, political extortion and theft of Palestinian money.
Palestinian Authority President Mahmoud Abbas has spent the past few years accusing Israel of "piracy," "theft" and "blackmail." What is all the name-calling about?
Abbas, it seems, is furious about Israel's decision to deduct millions of dollars from the Palestinian Authority's tax revenue dues as a punishment for paying part of the money to families of Palestinian terrorists.
Under the terms of the Oslo Accords, signed between Israel and the PLO in 1993, Israel collects duties on imports that reach the West Bank and the Gaza Strip via Israeli ports, in addition to other taxes, and forwards a large sum of it to the Palestinian Authority, after deducting payments for water and electricity.
Abbas has repeatedly condemned Israel for also deducting some of these payments to compensate Israel for a Palestinian policy of "pay-to-slay" -- which incentivizes terrorism as a seductive job -- and has vowed to continue paying salaries to the families of Palestinian terrorists who are in Israeli prisons or were killed while carrying out terror attacks against Israel.
"Even if we have only a penny left, we will give it to the martyrs, the prisoners and their families," Abbas said in July 2018. "We view the prisoners and martyrs as stars in the skies of the Palestinian struggle, and they have priority in everything."
On several occasions, Abbas has used the words "piracy," "theft" and "blackmail" to denounce the Israeli move. He claimed that by deducting the same amount of money paid to the terrorists' families from the tax revenues, Israel was "waging war" on the Palestinians.
In a parallel worth noting, the Palestinian leader's critics and political rivals say that Abbas is the one engaged in piracy, political extortion and theft of Palestinian money.
While Israel is deducting these funds to stop the Palestinian Authority from paying reward-money to families of terrorists, Abbas is trying to silence his critics and political opponents by cutting their salaries or depriving them of their pensions.
This suppression has, in fact, been a longstanding policy for Abbas, but it has failed to capture much interest on the part of the international community and media. Abbas's policy aims to send a warning to all Palestinians: "If you say a bad word about me, I will cut your salary and deprive you of your pension and other financial and social privileges."
One of the victims of this policy is Sufyan Abu Zayda, a senior Palestinian official and member of Abbas's ruling Fatah faction.
Abu Zayda, who previously served as a minister in the Palestinian Authority cabinet and was involved in peace talks with Israel after the Oslo Accords, discovered last year that the PA had halted his pension payments without any explanation. Although he obtained a court order for the PA to rescind its decision, Abu Zayda has still not seen a penny in his bank account.
Now Abu Zayda is accusing Abbas and the Palestinian leadership of stealing his pension and is threatening to take his case to international institutions.
In a letter to PLO Secretary-General Saeb Erekat, Abu Zayda wrote:
"I know that you personally have nothing to do with the evil decision to cut my salary, but that does not relieve you of responsibility by virtue of your position. For me, money is not the only issue. Rather, this is a matter of rights and an issue of dignity. I'm not someone who surrenders to the theft of his rights in broad daylight."
Abbas has not offered any explanation for having cut the pension, but Palestinians believe the punitive measure came in response to Abu Zayda's recurring criticism of the Palestinian Authority and his affiliation with Fatah leader Mohammed Dahlan, an arch-rival of Abbas currently living in self-exile in the United Arab Emirates. Dahlan fled the West Bank in 2011 after falling out with Abbas and his sons.
Abu Zayda, however, is not the only senior official who has been deprived of his salary because of his political views or criticism of Abbas and the Palestinian leadership.
Last year, 47 members of the Palestinian parliament (Palestinian Legislative Council) also awoke one morning to discover that they had lost their salaries, apparently because of their affiliation with Hamas and other opposition groups.
Hassan Khraisheh, an independent deputy speaker of the parliament and longtime critic of Abbas and corruption in the Palestinian Authority, was among those whose salaries had been trimmed. Khraisheh denounced the move as "flawed and irresponsible" and said that "killing a person was easier than cutting off his or her source of livelihood, against the backdrop of political rivalry."
He called on Abbas to assume responsibility and end "the catastrophic situation that our Palestinian people have reached due to the state of division [between the Palestinian Authority and Hamas] and the hatred that is growing day by day. Real leadership is one that transcends unity and achieves cohesion among the people. Those who practice hatred are not leaders and they will never be."
In 2017, another five members of the parliament complained that Abbas had cut their salaries because of their outspoken criticism of the Palestinian Authority and its policies. The five, who belong to Abbas's Fatah faction, are: Majed Abu Shamaleh, Ala' Yaghi, Abdel Hamid al-Eileh, Najat Abu Baker and Ni'meh al-Sheikh.
In the past five years, thousands of Palestinian civil service and security employees in the Gaza Strip have also fallen victim to Abbas's policy. Abbas's move is seen by Palestinians in the context of his repeatedly failed attempts to undermine his Hamas rivals and punish them for their violent takeover of the Gaza Strip in 2007, a move that resulted in the humiliating toppling and expulsion of the Palestinian Authority from the coastal enclave.
Palestinian human rights organizations have strongly condemned Abbas for using the salaries and pensions as a means of extortion against his political rivals and critics.
The Palestinians who have been deprived of their financial rights and privileges continue to protest Abbas's measures, and refer to them an act of piracy and theft on his part.
In the past few weeks, it turned out that Abbas was also using money to punish his partners in the PLO, but for the wrong reason. He halted funding to the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP), a Marxist terrorist group founded by George Habash in 1967, and one of several Palestinian groups forming the PLO. As such, the PFLP, like the other groups, receives monthly funding from the PLO.
Abbas did not halt the funding to the PFLP because of its rejection of peace with Israel or involvement in terrorism. Instead, he cut the funding because of the PFLP leaders' frequent criticism of his policies and decisions. Abbas is also reported to be at odds with the PFLP because of its refusal to recognize the PLO as the "sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people."
The PFLP is now accusing Abbas of "piracy," "political extortion" and "theft" because he stopped the PLO funding to the group.
Abbas, in other words, is not reining in the PFLP. He is simply retaliating against it as part of his long-term project to silence critical voices and political rivals. While he appears unfazed by the PFLP's continuing terror attacks against Israel, he is quite up in arms about the group's dissatisfaction with him.
The Palestinian leadership's ongoing efforts to muzzle its critics not only deprives Palestinians of their salaries and pensions, it also involves intimidation and arrests.
Defunding a terrorist organization is a good thing, but when it is done for the wrong reason -- political pressure to force the organization to stop criticizing the leadership -- it actually plays into the hands of extremist groups such as the PFLP and Hamas, wins them further sympathy among the Palestinian people and actually encourages people to join those radical groups.
Similarly, cutting salaries and pensions to political opponents for daring to speak out against corruption, in addition to the epic policy failures of the Palestinian leadership, are also doomed to drive these people into the open arms of terrorist groups such as Hamas and Palestinian Islamic Jihad.
The next time Abbas accuses Israel of "piracy" and "theft" of Palestinian money, the international community might inquire into the Palestinian leader's own practice of depriving his people of their livelihoods because of their political affiliations and resistance to his policy of plunder.
*Khaled Abu Toameh, an award-winning journalist based in Jerusalem, is a Shillman Journalism Fellow at Gatestone Institute.
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